Citric Acid Enhanced Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Uranium by Soil Flushing and Soil Washing

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetin Kantar ◽  
Bruce D. Honeyman
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Soil Flushing ◽  
Enhanced Remediation

scholarly journals Application of Waste Lemon Extract to Toxic Metal Removal through Gravitational Soil Flushing and Composting Stabilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5751
Author(s):  
Pei-Wen Zhang ◽  
Ya-Zhen Huang ◽  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Tsun-Kuo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Soil Flushing

The present study aims to investigate the treatment efficiency of soil flushing using waste lemon extract for samples collected from contaminated farmland, in which the copper concentration was measured as 2487 ± 139 mg/kg. The flushing solution, containing 9.9 g/L citric acid, was prepared from the waste lemon extraction process. The soil-flushing treatment using a solution containing commercial citric acids of 10 g/L was also conducted for comparison. Additionally, the collected soil was mixed with crushed waste lemons and the mixture was subjected to a composting process for subsequent stabilization study. After 120-min batch experiments, the desorbed copper concentration for waste lemon-extract experiment was 36.9 mg/L, which was higher than that (28.6 mg/L) for commercial citric solution experiment. The reduction in soil copper concentration (1504 mg/kg) treated by waste lemon-extract flushing was more than that treated by commercial citric solution (1256 mg/kg) at the comparable citric acid concentration. More metals were removed by waste lemon-extract flushing. This is because the waste lemon-extract solution contains additional co-dissolved organic substances with a longer flushing time, which allows more exchange reactions between adsorbed metals and flushing solution. For the treatment with waste lemon extract, the soil pH values were 4.56, 5.70 and 6.29 before, after flushing and after compost treatment, respectively. The observed variation in soil pH also showed that waste lemon extract might be a better flushing agent, while flushing with commercial citric solution decreased the pH in the soil environment. The plant copper availability dropped from 677 mg/kg to 156 mg/kg after waste lemon-extract flushing and stabilization with composted waste lemon. Therefore, the use of waste lemon extract for soil flushing not only removed toxic metals from the soil but also prevented the occurrence of soil acidification, an often-observed phenomenon using an acidic solution in conventional soil flushing. After soil flushing, the application of composted waste lemon could stabilize the toxic metals and increase the pH to a range suitable for plant growth.

Application of waste lemon extract to rehabilitate the copper-contaminated farmland through gravitational soil flushing and stabilization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Pei-Wen Chang ◽  
Ya-Zhen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Soil Flushing ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Copper Contaminated ◽  
Compost Treatment

<p>The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the waste lemon extract on the flushing treatment of the copper-contaminated soil collected from contaminated farmland, in which the copper concentration was measured as high as 2487 mg/kg. The soil flushing solution was prepared using the extract from collected waste lemons. The soil flushing treatment using the solution containing commercial citric acids was also conducted for comparison. Additionally, the waste lemon was used for soil rehabilitation after composting treatment.</p><p>The soil copper concentration treated with the solution containing waste lemon extract decreased more than that treated by the commercial citric acid solution at the comparable citric acid concentration. This is because the waste lemon extract solution contains additional co-dissolved organic substances other than citric acid and the flushing treatment had a higher retention time. For the treatment with lemon extract, the soil pH values were 4.56, 5.70 and 6.29 before, after lemon extract flushing and after compost treatment. The copper plant availability dropped from 677 mg/kg for the soil before flushing to 156 mg/kg after stabilization with composted waste lemon. Therefore, the citric acid flushing combined with stabilization was found effective for heavy metal removal in the soil environment.</p>

Desorption of Cadmium from Soils Enchanced by Citric Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Yu Shuang Li ◽  
Xiao Jun Hu ◽  
Xue Ying Song
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Cadmium Contamination ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Initial Ph

Cadmium contamination of soil has become a major environmental problem in the whole world. Soil washing is a possible remediation method for extracting contaminants from the contaminated soil. Natural organic acids seem to be promising environmentally friendly for removing toxic metals from soils. Batch soil-washing experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of cadmium desorption from soils by citric acid. Results showed that cadmium removal by citric acid was highly dependent on the initial pH and the concentration of citric acid. The removal of cadmium declined sharply with the rise of pH. Contrarily, cadmium desorption increased with increasing citric acid concentration. More than 90% cadmium was extracted from soil by 80 mmol L-1 citric acid.

scholarly journals New-Generation Washing Agents in Remediation of Metal-Polluted Soils and Methods for Washing Effluent Treatment: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt M. Gusiatin ◽  
Dorota Kulikowska ◽  
Barbara Klik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Soil Flushing

Soil quality is seriously reduced due to chemical pollution, including heavy metal (HM) pollution. To meet quality standards, polluted soils must be remediated. Soil washing/soil flushing offers efficient removal of heavy metals and decreases environmental risk in polluted areas. These goals can be obtained by using proper washing agents to remove HMs from soil. These washing agents should not pose unacceptable threats to humans and ecosystems, including soil composition. Currently, it is desirable to use more environmentally and economically attractive washing agents instead of synthetic, environmentally problematic chemicals (e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)). The usefulness of novel washing agents for treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils is being intensively developed, in terms of the efficiency of HM removal and properties of washed soils. Despite the unquestionable effectiveness of soil washing/flushing, it should be remembered that both methods generate secondary fluid waste (spent washing solution), and the final stage of the process should be treatment of the contaminated spent washing solution. This paper reviews information on soil contamination with heavy metals. This review examines the principles and status of soil washing and soil flushing. The novel contribution of this review is a presentation of the sources and characteristics of novel washing agents and chemical substitutes for EDTA, with their potential for heavy metal removal. Methods for treating spent washing solution are discussed separately.

Remediation of Arsenic Contaminated Soils and Treatment of Washing Effluent Using Calcined Mn-Fe Layered Double Hydroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2014-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Ya Liu ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Yu Jiao Li ◽  
Chang Xun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxide ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
Double Hydroxide

Arsenic contaminated soil is a serious worldwide problem nowadays, and soil washing technique is one of hottest topics in the area of remediating arsenic contaminated soils, while treatment of the washing effluent is still an urgent problem. In this study, in order to select the best washing extractants for arsenic contaminated soil of the Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, nine kinds of extractants (citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, H3PO4, KH2PO4, KOH, NH4Ac and ultra-pure water) were studied. Innovatively, a new material (calcined Mn-Fe Layered double hydroxide) was firstly introduced and fully applied to the adsorption of arsenic washing effluents. Results showed citric acid, oxalic acid and KH2PO4 were the optimal extractants for arsenic contaminated soil, considering the extraction rate and environmental perspective. When the concentrations were 200, 300, 300 mmol/ L , solution soil ratios were 10, 10, 20 mL/g , extraction times were 12,12,12 h, the citric acid, oxalic acid and KH2PO4, respectively, achieved the maximum extraction rate of 39%, 65% and 29%. Calcined Mn-Fe LDH used in this work was characterized by SEM and FT-IR, indicating the unique structure and high phase purity of the synthetic samples. For the 28mg/L arsenic effluent washing by citric acid, calcined Mn-Fe LDH showed the most effective capacity as adsorbent under neutral or weak base condition as well as 2 h absorption time.

Study of PCP Photodegradation by TiO2 Catalyst Based on Different Properties of Soil Washing Effluents

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 791-796
Author(s):  
Ya Xin Zhang ◽  
Hong Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants ◽  
First Order ◽  
Enhanced Remediation ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Remediation of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in soils and groundwater has becoming an issue of extensive concern around the world. Surfactant enhanced remediation has been suggested as a promising technology for abating such contaminants, and the nonionic surfactants have often been employed based on their high solubilization capabilities and comparatively low critical micelle concentrations (CMCs). A major problem arises after soil washing because the collected surfactant-containing wastes must be properly disposed or treated. In this study, 13 different soil with different basic properties were artificially contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP) and washed with TX100, a widely used nonionic surfactant. The properites of the as-required 13 washing effluents were test, and photocatalystic degradation of PCP using commercial P25 TiO2 was carried out. The degradation curves were fitted to the pseudo-first-order kinetic law, and simple correlation coefficients were obtained between the first-order rate constants k and washing effluents properties. The results obtained indicated that the degradation rate of PCP mainly depended on the concentration of PCP and TX100 in the wasted effluents, while othe substances washed out from soil showed very limited impact on the photocatalysis procedure.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils by Washing with Citric Acid and Subsequent Treatment of Soil-Washing Solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 646-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Sun ◽  
Han Qiao Liu ◽  
Guo Xia Wei ◽  
Zhen Hua Wu ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Operating Variables

Soil washing experiments were carried out with citric acid as washing reagent for the remediation of soils highly contaminated with heavy metals, then activated carbon was used in absorption processing for leaching solution. In this study, the effects of the main operating variables for removal of metals from soils were first discussed. The results showed that 36.% Pb, 47.74% Cu and 61.88% Cd were removed from the contaminated soils by optimizing the washing parameters at citric acid concentration 0.2 mol/l, mixing time 2 h, liquid-soil ratio 20 and solution pH=4, respectively. In the adsorption experiments of leachates, the optimum conditions were found as follows: solution pH=7, mixing time of 2 h, standing time of 60 min and activated carbon dosage of 1g/100ml.

Coadministration of citric acid allows oxytetracycline dose reduction in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata infected with Vibrio anguillarum

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
K Akiyama ◽  
N Hirazawa ◽  
A Hatanaka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Oxytetracycline (OTC) has been commonly used as an effective antibiotic against various fish bacterial diseases, including vibriosis. In this study, the absorption-enhancing effect of citric acid on oral OTC pharmacokinetics and treatment of artificial Vibrio anguillarum infection was evaluated in juvenile yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata followed by serum OTC concentration analysis. When 25 mg kg-1 body weight (BW) OTC was administered in combination with 1250 mg kg-1 BW citric acid, the serum OTC concentration reached almost the same concentration as that of the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. This coadministration successfully suppressed mortality due to vibriosis similar to the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. Conversely, poor efficacy was observed when only 25 mg kg-1 BW OTC was administered. These results suggest that coadministration of citric acid can be beneficial in reducing the dose of OTC needed for effective treatment, and thus contributes to the goal of reduced use of this antibiotic in aquaculture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document