Effect of Backpulsing and Continuous Surface Cleaning on High-Shear Rotary Membrane System Permeate Flux Performance for Naval Shipboard Wastewaters

2014 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 04014004 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bendick ◽  
Brian Reed ◽  
Patrick Morrow ◽  
Tracy Carole
Keyword(s):  
Membrane System ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Continuous Surface

scholarly journals Hybrid System Coupling Moving Bed Bioreactor with UV/O3 Oxidation and Membrane Separation Units for Treatment of Industrial Laundry Wastewater

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2648
Author(s):  
Sylwia Mozia ◽  
Magdalena Janus ◽  
Sławomira Bering ◽  
Krzysztof Tarnowski ◽  
Jacek Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
System A ◽  
Water Recycle ◽  
Recycle And Reuse ◽  
System Coupling

This paper describes the investigations on the possibilities of treatment of wastewater generated in an industrial laundry with application of a combined biological-photooxidation- membrane system aimed at water recycle and reuse. The two treatment schemes were compared: 1) scheme A consisting of a treatment in a moving bed biological reactor (MBBR) followed by microfiltration (MF) and nanofiltration (NF), and 2) scheme B comprising MBBR followed by oxidation by photolysis enhanced with in situ generated O3 (UV/O3) after which MF and NF were applied. The removal efficiency in MBBR reached 95–97% for the biochemical oxygen demand; 90–93% for the chemical oxygen demand and 89–99% for an anionic and a nonionic surfactants. The application of UV/O3 system allowed to decrease the content of the total organic carbon by 68% after 36 h of operation with a mineralization rate of 0.36 mg/L·h. Due to UV/O3 pretreatment, a significant mitigation of membrane fouling in the case of both MF and NF processes was achieved. The MF permeate flux in the system B was over two times higher compared to that in the system A. Based on the obtained results it was concluded that the laundry wastewater pretreated in the MBBR-UV/O3-MF-NF system could be recycled to any stage of the laundry process.

scholarly journals ON/OFF Switchable Nanocomposite Membranes for Separations

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2415
Author(s):  
Taegyun Kwon ◽  
Jinyoung Chun
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
External Stimuli

Although water, air, and other resources are abundant on earth, they have been subjected to strict environmental regulations. This is because of their limitation of availability for human consumption. In the separation industry, the membrane system was introduced to increase the amount of resources available to mankind. Experts used an easy-to-use polymeric material to design several membranes with porous structures for wastewater treatment, gas separation, and chemical removal; consequently, they succeeded in obtaining positive results. However, past polymeric membranes exhibited a chronic drawback such that it was difficult to simultaneously augment the permeate flux and improve its selectivity toward certain substances. Because of the trade-off relationship that existed between permeability and selectivity, the membrane efficiency was not very good; consequently, the cost-effectiveness was significantly hindered because there was no other alternative than to replace the membrane in order to maintain its initial characteristics steadily. This review begins with the introduction of a polymer nanocomposite (PNC) membrane that has been designed to solve the chronic problem of polymeric membranes; subsequently, the stimuli-responsive PNC membrane is elucidated, which has established itself as a popular topic among researchers in the separation industry for several decades. Furthermore, we have listed the different types and examples of stimuli-responsive PNC membranes, which can be switched by external stimuli, while discussing the future direction of the membrane separation industry.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Flux Performance of Different RO/NF Membranes in the Treatment of Agroindustrial Wastewater by Means of the Boundary Flux Theory

Membranes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Ochando-Pulido ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Férez ◽  
Marco Stoller
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Flux Model ◽  
Boundary Flux ◽  
Process Failures ◽  
Proper Analysis

Dynamic membrane system behaviour must be adequately addressed to avoid process unfeasibility. The lack of proper analysis will mean relying on erroneous permeate flux values in the system design, which will lead to quick and/or steady high fouling rates. In this paper, the authors present additional data supporting the boundary flux theory as a helpful tool for membrane engineers to carefully avoid process failures. By fitting the dynamic permeate flux data to the boundary flux model, it was possible to calculate the β fouling index for the three selected membranes (one nanofiltration (NF) and two reverse osmosis (RO) ones). The dynamic flux given by the low-pressure RO membrane did not follow sub-boundary operating conditions, since a sharp flux loss was measured throughout the whole operating cycle, pinpointing that supra-boundary flux conditions were governing the system. This was supported by the calculated value of the β fouling parameter, which resulted to be in the order of ten times higher for this membrane. However, the values of β→0 for the SC-RO and DK-NF ones, supported by the very low value of the sub-boundary fouling parameter α (0.002 and 0.007 L·h−1·m−2·bar−2, respectively), ensure nearly boundary operating conditions for these membranes.

Surface water clarification by ultrafiltration with an immersed membrane system: effect of coagulation/aeration on flux enhancement

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Choksuchart ◽  
M. Héran ◽  
A. Grasmick
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Concentrated Suspension

A new clarification system was developed to intensify a clarification step by ultrafiltration. Membrane modules equipped with capillary fibers were immersed in a reactor where a horizontal water circulation and a vertical air bubble circulation could assist in minimizing clogging inside the fiber network. Experiments were conducted with a clay particle suspension. Ferric chloride was added to induce coagulation of suspended particles. Results show that when filtering was operated under supracritical conditions clay deposit was observed on the membrane surface and a rapid increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP) value appeared. Air bubbling, and above all adding ferric chloride, allowed an actual enhancement of the filtering conditions. In optimal conditions, a very high concentrated suspension (5.0 g SS/L), filtering evolution was comparable to a clear water filtration until a 65 L/h/m2 permeate flux value (obtained under a 0.16 bar TMP), further a rapid fouling inside the fiber network appeared and obliged us to undertake specific membrane cleaning. The chosen membrane cleaning procedure showed that the particle deposit was the main fouling cause when filtering above the critical conditions.

Exploring the potential of membrane bioreactors to enhance metals removal from wastewater: pilot experiences

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Fatone ◽  
A. L. Eusebi ◽  
P. Battistoni ◽  
P. Pavan
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Filtration Cycle ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Membrane Effect ◽  
Membrane Effects

The potential of membrane bioreactors to enhance the removal of selected metals from low loaded sewages has been explored. A 1400 litre pilot plant, equipped with an industrial submerged module of hollow fibre membranes, has been used in three different configurations: membrane bioreactor, operating in sequencing batch modality, for the treatment of real mixed municipal/industrial wastewater; membrane-assisted biosorption reactor, for the treatment of real leachate from municipal landfills; continuously fed membrane bioreactor, for the treatment of water charged with cadmium and nickel ions. The results show that: (a) in treating wastewaters with low levels of heavy metals (< one milligram per litre concentration), operating high sludge ages is not an effective strategy to significantly enhance the metals removal; (b) Hg and Cd are effectively removed already in conventional systems with gravitational final clarifiers, while Cu, Cr, Ni can rely on a additional performance in membrane bioreactors; (c) the further membrane effect is remarkable for Cu and Cr, while it is less significant for Ni. Basically, similar membrane effects recur in three different experimental applications that let us estimate the potential of membrane system to retain selected metal complexes. The future development of the research will investigate the relations between the membrane effect and the manipulable filtration parameters (i.e., permeate flux, solids content, filtration cycle).

Introducing deep eutectic solvents as flux boosting and surface cleaning agents for thin film composite polyamide membranes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 2381-2387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Maalige R. ◽  
Sweedal A. Dsouza ◽  
Matheus M. Pereira ◽  
Veerababu Polisetti ◽  
Dibyendu Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Flux Rate ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Polyamide Membranes

This study introduced DESs as versatile and multi-tasking agents to modify the surface roughness and wettability of a TFC-PA membrane to boost the permeate flux rate and they also proved to be cleaning agents for organically fouled TFC-PA membranes.

scholarly journals Hybrid gravitational microfiltration system for drinking water purification

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Ueda Yamaguchi ◽  
Silvia Amélia Liwa Abe ◽  
Flávia Vieira da Silva Medeiros ◽  
Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo Vieira ◽  
Rosangela Bergamasco
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Quality Of Water

This study evaluates the application of a polymeric microfiltration membrane in a gravitational filtration module and its combination with granular activated carbon (GAC) impregnated with copper, resulting in a hybrid process. The proposed system would be used to improve the quality of water for human consumption in developing countries.  Permeate flux, pH, Escherichia coli removal, color, turbidity and free chlorine removals were evaluated in the applied process. Instrumental techniques, such as N2 adsorption at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses were used to characterize the proposed membrane and adsorbent. The GAC ensured higher chlorine removals, as well as higher permeate flux. Furthermore, the GAC impregnated with copper oxide nanoparticles exhibited higher Escherichia coli removal. Therefore, the hybrid gravitational membrane system applying GAC impregnated with copper oxide could be considered as a potential alternative point-of-use treatment to improve the quality of water for human consumption.

Modeling the impact of permeate flux and hydrodynamic conditions on fouling in submerged hollow fiber membranes

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lin ◽  
P.R. Bérubé
Keyword(s):  
Membrane System ◽  
Membrane Module ◽  
Air Sparging ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Membrane Pores ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fouling Reduction ◽  
The Impact

A series of studies was undertaken to investigate the impact of the system hydrodynamics (i.e., sparging intensity and membrane module configuration) the operating permeate flux and fouling reduction measures on the evolution of the trans-membrane pressure (TMP). The evolution in TMP could be modeled using a simple exponential relationship that incorporated the impact of the air sparging intensity, the membrane module configuration and the backwash cycles on the evolution in TMP. The extent of reversible fouling was a function of the operating permeate flux and the hydrodynamic conditions in the membrane system and could be characterized based on the difference between the operating permeate flux and the critical permeate flux. Reversible fouling could be eliminated during each backwash cycle. The extent of irreversible fouling was relatively low and was expected to be a function of the diffusion and adsorption tendency of foulants within the membrane pores.

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