Interstimulus Interference Effect with Stroop-Type Stimuli

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Author(s):  
M Ignatov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Test Sheet ◽  
Stimulus Variation ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Naming Response ◽  
Naming Performance ◽  
Incongruous Stimulus

The interstimulus interference in reacting to Stroop-type stimuli was investigated. Two aspects of the interstimulus organisation were analysed: the serial structure of the items in the test sheets and the spatial structure of the items on different test sheet types. More difficult serial structures were expected in cases where the correct colour-naming response to an incongruous combination was the suppressed word-naming response of either the previous or the next incongruous stimulus. Variation in the spatial organisation of the items was aimed at causing different opportunities for perceiving several adjacent items at once. As a third factor the study included not a characteristic of the test material, but a related cognitive style variable—the field dependence/independence, measured by a version of the Gottschaldt embedded figures. Every test condition (printed words in incongruous colours) was matched with a control condition (patches of colour) in a double-mirror design. A factorial design of 2 × 3 × 3 was applied and the data were processed with the aid of a three-way ANOVA. The results confirmed the importance of the interstimulus organisation of multiple Stroop-type stimuli. It is inferred that the extent to which perceptual and, in particular, selective-attention processes affect Stroop colour naming performance might be only a fraction of the whole interstimulus and intrastimulus interference effect.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DAN IPA YANG TERINTEGRASI DENGAN NILAI BUDAYA LOKAL PADA SMP YPK TOMER

Sarwahita ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Andi Saparuddin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Air Purifier ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Mathematics And Science ◽  
Math And Science Teachers

SMP YPK Tomer is located in Naukenjerai District, where the majority of the population is indigenous Papuans, the Kanum Tribe. Most SMP YPK Tomer students have a way of thinking, and a lifestyle that is still very thick with the cultural principles that develop in their community. The purpose of this training is to provide education and equip math and science teachers at SMP YPK Tomer with the skills to choose and design mathematics and science learning media that are integrated with local cultural values (in this case the Kanum tribe associated with Kampung Tomer). Training and mentoring are designed using ethnomatematics and etnosains which are learning mathematics and science by involving local cultural values. The results of this service are obtained: ruler and protractor media, spatial structure, simple conductivity test material, and air purifier. The response strongly agrees that students are given the learning media for the readability criteria of 87%, the free criteria are used at 73%, and the accessibility criteria is 81%.

Some Evidence for the Hemispheric Asymmetry Model of Lateral Eye Movements

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Swinnen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Lateral Eye ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test

The relationship between lateral eye-movement patterns and visual spatial abilities was investigated for a sample of 94 right-handed junior high school boys and girls. Direction of gaze was recorded during reflection on a complex gross motor skill. Subjects were administered the Group Embedded Figures Test, the Kohs' Block Design Test, the Hidden Figures Test, the Hidden Patterns Test, the Closure and Perceptual Speed Tests. Apart from the Group Embedded Figures Test and the Hidden Figures Test, low but significant positive relationships between proportion of left lateral eye-movements and visual spatial test scores were found. If lateral eye-movements are indicators of differential hemispheric activation, people with right-hemisphere predominance are more successful in solving certain visual-perceptual problems than people with left-hemisphere predominance. Finally, it is proposed that in studying relationships between lateral direction of eye-movements and field-dependence/independence, a more fruitful approach would be to investigate how people differ in their problem-solving styles to cope with embedded-figures test material in addition to determination of the performance level.

scholarly journals Lisboa, Metrópole policêntrica e fragmentada

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (63) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Barata Salgueiro
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Central City ◽  
High Status ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

TRENDS OF POLICENTRISM AND FRAGMENTATION IN LISBON - In this paper, we study the transformations of the spatial organisation of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The main focus is on the present restructuring dominated by three main processes. Firstly descentralisation of housing and economic activities, secondly development of new centralities, high status areas with very good accessibility and great attractivity, mainly occupied by office buildings or mixed-used developments (offices, retail, hotel, luxury apartments) in the inner city or close to new suburban highways; and, finally, selective gentrification and re-use of the central city, either by high income housing or modern services.The evolution outlined can achieve the replacement of a strong centralised metropolis with uequal distribution of employment and services between metropolitan core and suburban rings by a new multicentered structure. This evolution goes along with the transmition from the industrial to the post-industrial city that brings fragmentation of the socio-spatial structure with a juxtaposition of territories. In the economic sense the city loses its functional unity made of interdependent spacialised territories. In the social sense this reflects the rise in the number and differentiation due to the increase of opportunities and choices once the position in the labor market is no more sufficient to define social position and people look for and build their identification through goods, places and their symbols.

scholarly journals Microspatial structure of the seed bank of xerothermic grassland - intracommunity differentiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Czarnecka
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Seed Stock ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Close Vicinity ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Seeds And Fruits

The study analyses the quantity and spatial structure of the seed bank of the xerothermic grassland located in the Biała Góra near Tomaszów Lubelski (Central Roztocze Region). The seed stock of the bank was compared with the vegetation found in two different patches of the examined grassland. The number of seeds per square meter was estimated at 5328 and 5355, depending on the patch. The seed bank's spatial organisation is clustered. The most important factors determining this spatial distribution are: remaining of the seeds in close vicinity of parent plants, and the "group" dispersal of the seeds and fruits.

scholarly journals The making of the South African timeshare industry: spatial structure and development challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 183-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayde R. Pandy ◽  
Christian M. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
South African ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Accommodation Sector ◽  
Tourism Economy

Abstract Research on the accommodation sector attracts only a small fraction of contemporary tourism scholarship relating to sub-Saharan Africa. This paper contributes to this expanding literature on segmentation and the accommodation sector in South Africa. Specifically, it examines the establishment and making of the timeshare industry as a distinctive form of accommodation within the national tourism economy. The timeshare industry in South Africa is the largest and most mature in sub-Saharan Africa and among the most important in the developing world. The analysis uses a longitudinal perspective in order to interpret the emerging spatial organisation and evolving structural issues that impacted upon the development of the timeshare industry in its formative years from 1978 to 2002. The study addresses a knowledge gap around the minimal pursuit of historical research within the existing international literature about timeshare.

scholarly journals The Intention Interference Effect

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Lisa Cohen ◽  
Justin Kantner ◽  
Roger A. Dixon ◽  
D. Stephen Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Superiority Effect ◽  
Condition Versus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Naming Performance

Intentions have been shown to be more accessible (e.g., more quickly and accurately recalled) compared to other sorts of to-be-remembered information; a result termed an intention superiority effect (Goschke & Kuhl, 1993). In the current study, we demonstrate an intention interference effect (IIE) in which color-naming performance in a Stroop task was slower for words belonging to an intention that participants had to remember to carry out (Do-the-Task condition) versus an intention that did not have to be executed (Ignore-the-Task condition). In previous work (e.g., Cohen et al., 2005), having a prospective intention in mind was confounded with carrying a memory load. In Experiment 1, we added a digit-retention task to control for effects of cognitive load. In Experiment 2, we eliminated the memory confound in a new way, by comparing intention-related and control words within each trial. Results from both Experiments 1 and 2 revealed an IIE suggesting that interference is very specific to the intention, not just to a memory load.

Observations of the spatial structure of interstellar hydrogen

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Carl Heiles
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Temperature Variations

High-resolution 21-cm line observations in a region aroundlII= 120°,b11= +15°, have revealed four types of structure in the interstellar hydrogen: a smooth background, large sheets of density 2 atoms cm-3, clouds occurring mostly in groups, and ‘Cloudlets’ of a few solar masses and a few parsecs in size; the velocity dispersion in the Cloudlets is only 1 km/sec. Strong temperature variations in the gas are in evidence.

Electron microscopic assays of restriction endonuclease cutting, exonuclease digestion, and hybridization

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Mark Hannibal ◽  
Jacob Varkey ◽  
Michael Beer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Exonuclease Iii ◽  
Dna Molecule ◽  
Linear Molecules ◽  
Exonuclease Digestion

Workman and Langmore have recently proposed a procedure for isolating particular chromatin fragments. The method requires restriction endonuclease cutting of the chromatin and a probe, their digestion with two exonucleases which leave complimentary single strand termini and low temperature hybridization of these. We here report simple electron microscopic monitoring of the four reactions involved.Our test material was ϕX-174 RF DNA which is cut once by restriction endonuclease Xho I. The conversion of circles to linear molecules was followed in Kleinschmidt spreads. Plate I shows a circular and a linear DNA molecule. The rate of cutting is shown in Figure 1.After completion of the endonuclease cutting, one portion of the DNA was treated with exonuclease III, an enzyme known to digest the 3' terminals of double helical DNA. Aliquots when examined in the electron microscope reveal a decreasing length of double helix and increasing bushes at the ends.

Applications of Transmission Electron Microscopy in the Characterization of Metal Machinability

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 442-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
A.B. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
State Physics ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Rotary Table ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Selection Of

The industrial characterization of the machinability of metals and alloys has always been a very arbitrarily defined property, subject to the selection of various reference or test materials; and the adoption of rather naive and misleading interpretations and standards. However, it seems reasonable to assume that with the present state of knowledge of materials properties, and the current theories of solid state physics, more basic guidelines for machinability characterization might be established on the basis of the residual machined microstructures. This approach was originally pursued by Draper; and our presentation here will simply reflect an exposition and extension of this research.The technique consists initially in the production of machined chips of a desired test material on a horizontal milling machine with the workpiece (specimen) mounted on a rotary table vice. A single cut of a specified depth is taken from the workpiece (0.25 in. wide) each at a new tool location.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document