Stratigraphy of the Birdrong: an integrated approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Jessica Trainor ◽  
Jeffery Goodall ◽  
Kathryn Amos
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Interval ◽  
Depositional Systems ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Facies Modelling ◽  
Sequence Boundaries

A detailed study of the Early Cretaceous Birdrong Sequence (S. areolata - P. burgeri) has been undertaken in the East Spar and Woollybutt fields, which lie in the northern end of the Barrow Delta complex in the Barrow Sub-basin, Northern Carnarvon Basin. This project integrates palynological, sedimentological and seismic stratigraphic interpretations to progress our understanding of the way in which the Barrow Delta evolved. The results will help develop remaining hydrocarbon prospectivity in the northern Barrow area. Palynological analysis within the Helby, Morgan and Partridge (2004) zonation scheme for the North West Shelf has enabled the identification of several significant biostratigraphic events, which have allowed further subdivision of the existing broad palynological zones. These palynological events represent influxes of specific dinoflagellate cyst taxa that may be tied to key stratal surfaces. These surfaces include transgressive ravinement surfaces, sequence boundaries and flooding surfaces. The palynological and sedimentological data, when combined, indicate a strong facies relationship between specific taxa and interpreted depositional environment. Such taxa include Gagiella, freshwater and brackish algae, and fully marine dinoflagellate cysts including Kaiwaradinium scrutillinum, Systematophora areolata, Phoberocysta neocomica and Cribroperidinium muderongense. The integration of sedimentology and palynology provides a powerful tool in interpreting depositional systems in shallow marine palaeoenvironments. Initial results indicate this may be used as a predictive tool for reservoir correlation and facies modelling. Key stratal surfaces identified through palynological and sedimentological study will be tested against 3D seismic to understand fully the stratigraphy of the study interval.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RIFT-RELATED DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEMS IN THE DAMPIER SUB-BASIN

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Miller ◽  
S.A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Depositional Systems ◽  
The Relationship

The influence of tectonic control is more apparent than eustatic control on the rift-related stratigraphy of the Dampier Sub-basin. The correlation of observed depositional events to causative processes and global events is problematic due to the use of alternative geological time scales, causing ambiguity and uncertainty. The Harland (1989) time scale with a revised palynological allocation, combined with genetic sequence stratigraphy, and Prosser's concept of the tectonic systems tract, has proved useful during evaluation of the stratigraphy of the Dampier Sub-basin.Palaeo-topography was a major factor in sediment distribution and facies architecture of rift-related strata in the Dampier Sub-basin. This must be considered when assessing the stratigraphic trapping potential for hydrocarbons. There is a close association between the styles of depositional systems observed in the Dampier Sub-basin and stage of rifting and basin development. Five tectonic systems tracts, each with unique depositional systems have been identified and described; pre-rift, rift initiation, rift climax, immediate post-rift and late post-rift tectonic systems tracts.The use of a single time scale has enhanced the relationship between tectonic systems tracts (super-cycles) and the timing of depositional events recorded during previous genetic stratigraphic studies in the North West Shelf. The tectonic nature of super-cycle scale events should be temporally and spatially assessed in detail before the effects of eustatic change are evaluated for rift-related successions of the North West Shelf. The problem can be further exacerbated when the absolute error of chronological dating exceed the temporal frequency of eustacy, causing tenuous correlations of depositional events to a global eustatic curve.

scholarly journals Towards safe campus environments through environmental design: two universities as case studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Stephanus Coetzee ◽  
Karen Puren
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
University Of Applied Sciences ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Individual

Universities are often considered to be safe sanctuaries. However, many higher education institutions have increasingly been confronted with crime and unrest. Violence and other crimes on campuses are currently an international concern. This paper reports on a study that investigated student’s perceptions of safety on two campuses namely Lahti University of Applied Sciences in Finland and the North-West University in Potchefstroom, South Africa. Theories from Environmental Psychology and Urban Planning are combined in this study in order to incorporate aspects of the individual, social setting and spatial environment. Increasing people’s safety help to optimise their experience of their environment and can in turn create an enabling context for people to flourish and improve their quality of life. The research followed a qualitative research approach. In this study, 21 participants from a Finnish university and 16 participants from a South African university were selected through purposive sampling. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews supported by visual data of the spatial environment. All data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through qualitative content analysis. The literature and findings of the research both support that the spatial and social environment influences safety. It is therefore recommended that safe campus environments require a multi-disciplinary and integrated approach to proactively develop a Comprehensive Safe Environment Plan (CSEP). From a planning perspective, students’ perceptions of campus environments’ safety may include the creation of compact dedicated campus areas, land uses, building placing and orientation, territoriality, landscaping, visibility, control over fear-inducing activities, maintenance, security measures and pedestrian orientated areas.

PETROLEUM PLAY ELEMENT PREDICTION FOR THE CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BASIN PHASE, NORTHERN CARNARVON BASIN

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Romine ◽  
J. M. Durrant ◽  
D. L. Cathro ◽  
G. Bernardel
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Play Elements ◽  
Migration Pathways ◽  
Carnarvon Basin

A regional tectono-stratigraphic framework has been developed for the Cretaceous and Tertiary section in the Northern Carnarvon Basin. This framework places traditional observations in a new context and provides a predictive tool for determining the temporal occurrence and spatial distribution of the lithofacies play elements, that iss reservoir, source and seal.Two new, potential petroleum systems have been identified within the Barremian Muderong Shale and Albian Gearle Siltstone. These potential source rocks could be mature or maturing along a trend that parallels the Alpha Arch and Rankin Platform, and within the Exinouth Sub-basin.A favourable combination of reservoir and seal can be predicted for the early regressive part of the Creta- ceous-Tertiary basin phase (Campanian-Palaeocene). Lowstand and transgressive (within incised valleys) reservoirs are more likely to be isolated and encased in sealing shales, similar to lowstand reservoir facies deposited during the transgressive part of the basin phase, for example, the M. australis sand play.The basin analysis revealed the important role played by pre-existing Proterozoic-Palaeozoic lineaments during extension, and the subsequent impact on play elements, in particular, the distribution of reservoir, fluid migration, and trap development. During extension, the north-trending lineaments influenced the compart mentalisation of the Northern Carnarvon Basin into discrete depocentres. Relay ramp-style accommodation zones developed, linking the sub-basins, and acting as pathways for sediment input into the depocentres and, later in the basin's history, as probable hydrocarbon migration pathways. The relay accommodation zones are a dynamic part of the basin architecture, acting as a focal point for response to intraplate stresses and the creation, modification and destruction of traps and migration pathways.

Predicting the risk to permit compliance of new sewage treatment works

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
A. J. Dunn ◽  
D. A. Frodsham ◽  
R. V. Kilroy
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Permit Compliance

The privatised water industry in England and Wales has the requirement to construct a substantial number of new assets to meet new national and European legislation. In order to do so economically, the risk of performance of new assets has to be matched to the cost of construction. To undertake such risk management, a risk technique has been developed that allows the performance against permit compliance of new processes to be established. The technique is based on statistical analysis of data effectively creating a pure black box model to determine performance. The technique has been further developed to take into account the dependency between influent quality and process performance. The dependency factor selected is the Spearman's Rank Coefficient which is a convenient way to define complex relationships. It can be used to define many dependent variables referring to the same independent variable and as such removes the need for complex mechanistic equations. This technique has been calibrated using two years, existing data and then validated for the next 6 months data of a wastewater treatment works in the North West of England. The results of the validation illustrate the ability of the technique to be used as a predictive tool. The output from the model allows the direct comparison of different process options and permits executive management to make informed decisions about investment against risk to permit compliance.

FLATTENED TIME SLICES—A STRATIGRAPHIC APPROACH TO 3D SEISMIC INTERPRETATION ON THE NORTH WEST SHELF OF AUSTRALIA

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
K. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Section ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Time Slice ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Exploration Tool ◽  
Depositional Systems ◽  
Complex Channel ◽  
Structural Volume ◽  
Depositional Elements

Conventional time slices are a powerful method of integrating horizon picks and fault picks into a unified interpretation and are a handy way of viewing structures, especially in faulted areas. The limitation is that time slices are seldom useful in viewing the morphology of a horizon. A 3D cube is the present day structural volume; it retains any structure imparted on the geology after deposition. When a time slice is defined, the structural dip limits the area of the integral depositional elements that can be imaged. For example, a depositional surface developed as part of a fluvial-deltaic system is seldom one event and it cannot be easily identified and picked in a vertical section. Flattened time slices take out the regional dip and allow a complete depositional surface to be viewed.The North West Shelf of Australia and especially the Barrow Sub-basin is a particularly suitable place to apply this exploration technique. The entire sedimentary package, laid down in a variety of depositional environments, has been tilted to the northwest by an average of 3°. This strong post-depositional tilt limits the uses of conventional time slices to imaging only the diprelated features of an area. Whereas conventional time slices only make apparent the dip of the section, flattened time slices can reveal subtle and intricate stratigraphic architecture.This paper describes the seismic features of a number of depositional systems from the Barrow Sub-basin and outlines how complex channel systems can be determined by the use of the flattened time slice approach. Given the importance of stratigraphic plays in the Barrow Subbasin, the technique outlined in this paper is considered to be an important exploration tool.

Controls on the preservation of Jurassic volcanism in the Northern Carnarvon Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Michael Curtis ◽  
Simon Holford ◽  
Mark Bunch ◽  
Nick Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Volcanic Centre ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Igneous Provinces ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Uplift And Erosion ◽  
Carnarvon Basin

The Northern Carnarvon Basin (NCB) forms part of the North West Australian margin. This ‘volcanic’ rifted margin formed as Greater India rifted from the Australian continent through the Jurassic, culminating in breakup in the Early Cretaceous. Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous syn-rift intrusive magmatism spans 45000km2 of the western Exmouth Plateau and the Exmouth Sub-basin; however, there is little evidence of associated contemporaneous volcanic activity, with isolated late Jurassic volcanic centres present in the central Exmouth Sub-basin. The scarcity of observed volcanic centres is not typical of the extrusive components expected in such igneous provinces, where intrusive:extrusive ratios are typically 2–3:1. To address this, we have investigated the processes that led to the preservation of a volcanic centre near the Pyrenees field and the Toro Volcanic Centre (TVC). The volcanic centre near the Pyrenees field appears to have been preserved from erosion associated with the basin-wide KV unconformity by fault-related downthrow. However, the TVC, which was also affected by faulting, is located closer to the focus of regional early Cretaceous uplift along the Ningaloo Arch to the south and was partly eroded. With erosion of up to 2.6km estimated across the Ningaloo Arch, which, in places, removed all Jurassic strata, we propose that the ‘Exmouth Volcanic Province’ was originally much larger, extending south from the TVC into the southern Exmouth Sub-basin prior to regional uplift and erosion, accounting for the ‘missing’ volume of extrusive igneous material in the NCB.

Early Production Life of Wheatstone Project Offshore Australia Yields Key Lessons

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (08) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Chris Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Shelf Region ◽  
Gas Fields

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 202246, “Wheatstone: What We Have Learned in Early Production Life,” by John Pescod, SPE, Paul Connell, SPE, and Zhi Xia, Chevron, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Perth, Australia, 20–22 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Wheatstone and Iago gas fields, part of the larger Wheatstone project, commenced production in June 2017. The foundation subsea system includes nine Wheatstone and Iago development wells tied back to a central Wheatstone platform (WP) for processing. Hydrocarbons then flow through an export pipeline to an onshore processing facility that includes two liquefied-natural-gas (LNG) trains and a domestic gas facility. The complete paper highlights some of the key learnings in well and reservoir surveillance analysis and optimization (SA&O) developed using data from early production. Asset Overview Chevron Australia’s Wheatstone project is in the North West Shelf region offshore Australia (Fig. 1). Two gas fields, Wheatstone and Iago (along with a field operated by a different company), currently tie into the WP in the Northern Carnarvon Basin. These two gas fields are in water depths between 150 and 400 m. The platform processes gas and condensate through dehydration and compression facilities before export by a 220-km, 44-in., trunkline to two 4.45-million-tonnes/year LNG trains and a 200 tera-joule/day domestic gas plant. A Wheatstone/Iago subsea system consisting of two main corridors delivers production from north and south of the Wheatstone and Iago fields to the WP. Currently, the subsea system consists of nine subsea foundation development wells, three subsea production manifolds, two subsea 24-in. production flowlines, and two subsea 14-in. utility lines. The nine foundation development wells feed the subsea manifolds at rates of up to 250 MMscf/D. These wells have openhole gravel-pack completions for active sand control and permanent downhole gauges situated approximately 1000-m true vertical depth above the top porosity of multi-Darcy reservoir intervals for pressure and temperature monitoring. All wells deviate between 45 and 60° through the reservoir with stepout lengths of up to 2.5 km. The two subsea 24-in. production flowlines carry production fluids from the subsea manifolds to two separation trains on the WP. Each platform inlet production separator can handle up to 800 MMscf/D. The two 14-in. utility flowlines installed to the subsea manifolds allow routing of a single well to the platform multiuse header, which can direct flow into the multiuse separator (MUS) or other production separators at a rate of 250 MMscf/D.

CARNARVON BASIN ARCHITECTURE AND STRUCTURE DEFINED BY THE INTEGRATION OF MINERAL AND PETROLEUM EXPLORATION TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Pryer ◽  
K.K. Romine ◽  
T.S. Loutit ◽  
R.G. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Block Rotation ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Migration Pathways ◽  
Carnarvon Basin

The Barrow and Dampier Sub-basins of the Northern Carnarvon Basin developed by repeated reactivation of long-lived basement structures during Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tectonism. Inherited basement fabric specific to the terranes and mobile belts in the region comprise northwest, northeast, and north–south-trending Archaean and Proterozoic structures. Reactivation of these structures controlled the shape of the sub-basin depocentres and basement topography, and determined the orientation and style of structures in the sediments.The Lewis Trough is localised over a reactivated NEtrending former strike-slip zone, the North West Shelf (NWS) Megashear. The inboard Dampier Sub-basin reflects the influence of the fabric of the underlying Pilbara Craton. Proterozoic mobile belts underlie the Barrow Sub-basin where basement fabric is dominated by two structural trends, NE-trending Megashear structures offset sinistrally by NS-trending Pinjarra structures.The present-day geometry and basement topography of the basins is the result of accumulated deformation produced by three main tectonic phases. Regional NESW extension in the Devonian produced sinistral strikeslip on NE-trending Megashear structures. Large Devonian-Carboniferous pull-apart basins were introduced in the Barrow Sub-basin where Megashear structures stepped to the left and are responsible for the major structural differences between the Barrow and Dampier Sub-basins. Northwest extension in the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian marks the main extensional phase with extreme crustal attenuation. The majority of the Northern Carnarvon basin sediments were deposited during this extensional basin phase and the subsequent Triassic sag phase. Jurassic extension reactivated Permian faults during renewed NW extension. A change in extension direction occurred prior to Cretaceous sea floor spreading, manifest in basement block rotation concentrated in the Tithonian. This event changed the shape and size of basin compartments and altered fluid migration pathways.The currently mapped structural trends, compartment size and shape of the Barrow and Dampier Sub-basins of the Northern Carnarvon Basin reflect the “character” of the basement beneath and surrounding each of the subbasins.Basement character is defined by the composition, lithology, structure, grain, fabric, rheology and regolith of each basement terrane beneath or surrounding the target basins. Basement character can be discriminated and mapped with mineral exploration methods that use non-seismic data such as gravity, magnetics and bathymetry, and then calibrated with available seismic and well datasets. A range of remote sensing and geophysical datasets were systematically calibrated, integrated and interpreted starting at a scale of about 1:1.5 million (covering much of Western Australia) and progressing to scales of about 1:250,000 in the sub-basins. The interpretation produced a new view of the basement geology of the region and its influence on basin architecture and fill history. The bottom-up or basement-first interpretation process complements the more traditional top-down seismic and well-driven exploration methods, providing a consistent map-based regional structural model that constrains structural interpretation of seismic data.The combination of non-seismic and seismic data provides a powerful tool for mapping basement architecture (SEEBASE™: Structurally Enhanced view of Economic Basement); basement-involved faults (trap type and size); intra-sedimentary geology (igneous bodies, basement-detached faults, basin floor fans); primary fluid focussing and migration pathways and paleo-river drainage patterns, sediment composition and lithology.

THE NORTH WEST SHELF

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Cockbain
Keyword(s):  
Oil Fields ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
North West ◽  
Canning Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Siliciclastic Sediments ◽  
Breakup Unconformity ◽  
Carnarvon Basin

The region of the North West Shelf dealt with in this paper is underlain by three of the four basins which make up the Westralian Superbasin. The Bonaparte Basin lies outside the scope of this paper; the other basins are the Browse Basin, the offshore Canning Basin, here named the Western Canning Basin, and the offshore Carnarvon Basin, here called the Northern Carnarvon Basin. Sediments belonging to ten depositional sequences (Pz5, Mzl to Mz5, and Czl to Cz4) are present in the basins, the oldest being of Late Carboniferous and Permian age (Pz5).Deposition commenced in rift (interior fracture) basins under fluvial/deltaic conditions in the Late Permian/Early Triassic (Mzl), when the North West Shelf was part of Gondwana. Continental breakup took place in the Middle Jurassic (breakup unconformity between Mz2 and Mz3), and marine conditions prevailed over the Westralian Superbasin thereafter, with deposition taking place in a marginal sag setting. Siliciclastic sediments gave place to carbonates in the Late Cretaceous (Mz5) as the Indian Ocean grew larger.Parts of the area have been under permit since 1946, and to date some 227 exploration wells have been drilled. The most intensive exploration has taken place in the Northern Carnarvon Basin (191 wells), followed by the Browse Basin (20 wells), and Western Canning Basin (16 wells). Thirty- four economic and potentially economic discoveries have been made. The main target reservoirs are Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous, and the regional seals are Triassic and Cretaceous. The fields are of two types: pre- breakup unconformity (mainly tilted horst blocks), and post- breakup unconformity (usually four- way dip closures). Of the five producing fields, the North Rankin Gas Field is a pre- breakup field, while the four oil fields (Barrow, Harriet, South Pepper and North Herald) are all post- breakup.

The prospectivity of the Late Triassic intervals in the outboard Exmouth Plateau, Western Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Tom Paten
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Exploration Process ◽  
North West ◽  
Exmouth Plateau ◽  
The North ◽  
Amplitude Versus Offset ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin

The Exmouth Plateau is a deep-water plateau on the Australian continental margin underlain by 10–15 km of flat-lying, tilted and block-faulted Paleozoic–Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, which were deposited predominantly during periods of extension before continental break-up commenced in the middle Jurassic. The recent acquisition of the Mawson MC3D broadband seismic survey provides a modern, high-quality dataset located ~230 km to the north-west of Dampier, in the outboard Exmouth Plateau, in a relatively under-explored portion of the Northern Carnarvon Basin. The Late Triassic Mungaroo Formation is the primary reservoir target for the majority of the exploration in the Exmouth Plateau to date. A detailed investigation into the reservoir potential and prospectivity of the Mungaroo Formation is possible by utilising this modern dataset. The high-quality data presents a high-resolution view of the Rhaetian carbonate reef platforms and pinnacle reef complexes that are present within the Mawson survey footprint, revealing an under-explored play type within the region. The development of a detailed stratigraphic framework through the Late Triassic–Jurassic, combined with the use of attribute analyses and amplitude versus offset products can help de-risk identified prospects and highlight further prospectivity during the exploration process.

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