In sacco evaluation of ruminal degradability of waste vinegar residue as a feedstuff for ruminants

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengting Song ◽  
Xiaofang Dong ◽  
Jianming Tong ◽  
Zhihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Vinegar Residue ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
In Sacco

Waste vinegar residue (WVR) is a by-product of vinegar processing by solid-state fermentation. In this study, two experiments were conducted to determine chemical composition and ruminal degradability of WVR and whether WVR can be used as a feedstuff for ruminants. In Experiment 1, 14 WVR samples were incubated in the rumen of three Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goats to determine the in sacco ruminal degradability parameters for DM, crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). The NDF, CP and ether extract (EE) contents of the WVR samples were 796.6, 125.2 and 93.3 g/kg, respectively. The greatest variation was observed for lactic acid, which ranged from 150.39 to 4391.12 mg/kg with an average of 1023.84 mg/kg. The average A, B and C fractions of DM for the 14 samples of WVR were 122, 350, and 528 g/kg, respectively. The effective degradability of DM, CP and NDF were 275, 550 and 211 g/kg, respectively. In Experiment 2, the in sacco degradation parameters for DM, CP and NDF of Chinese leymus, corn stalk and WVR were evaluated in a 3 × 3 Latin-square design. The rapidly degradable fraction of the DM and NDF for WVR was significantly (P < 0.01) greater than that of Chinese leymus and corn stalk. No difference in rumen-degraded DM, rumen-degraded CP and rumen-degraded NDF was found between Chinese leymus and WVR (P > 0.05). It is concluded that, WVR is not well digested ruminally but is a good source of protein for ruminants giving it value as an ingredient in ruminant diets.

scholarly journals Senna spectabilis FRUIT ON HAIR LAMBS FEEDING: DIGESTIBILITY, BLOOD METABOLITES, AND RUMINAL KINETIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Bonilla-Trujillo ◽  
Jairo Andrés Pardo-Guzman ◽  
Román David Castañeda-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Ruminal Degradability

Abstract In recent years sheep, farming has emerged as an alternative production system especially in dry areas. The use of leaves and fruit from some trees has become an alternative for feeding for ruminants; however, studies on these species are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of S. spectabilis fruit meal on in vivo and in vitro digestibility, blood metabolites, and ruminal kinetics in hair lambs. This study was carried out at Las Brisas farm, University of Tolima - Colombia. Twelve male hair lambs with body weight of 20.3 ± 2.5 kg were used. Animals were distributed in an experimental 4x4 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of diets based on Dichanthium spp hay with different inclusion levels of S. spectabilis fruit meal (15, 30, and 45%). A linear increasing effect (P <0.05) was observed for in vivo and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein; likewise, plasma urea and ruminal degradability increased as the level of supplementation of S. spectabilis increased. The meal of S. spectabilis improves digestibility, protein intake, and ruminal kinetics in hair lambs; therefore, it is suggested as a promising alternative for ruminants feeding in dry tropic regions.

scholarly journals Nutrients intake and digestibility in sheep fed with residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes Costa ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Anderson Moura Zanine ◽  
Edmiar Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

<p>This study aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and digestibility by sheep fed diets containing residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP). We used four sheep with a mean body weight (BW) of 40.38 kg, whose pens were distributed in a Latin square design. The diet treatments contained 0, 5, 10 and 15% of RETP. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the differences observed were tested using regression equations at 5% significance. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC),expressed in g day-1, % BW and g kg0,75-1, were not significantly affected (p&gt;0.05) by the inclusion of RETP. The intake of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) showed a linear increase (p&lt;0.05) as RETP content rose. However, the digestibility of DM, CP, TC, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased linearly (p&lt;0.05), while the digestibility of EE, NDF, ADF, and NFC, with average values of 62.12%; 79.95%; 41.59%; 37.12%, and 91.57%, respectively, were not significantly affected (p&gt;0.05) when RETP was included in the diet. The inclusion of up to 15% of the residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp changes the intake of ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, and reduced dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates in the sheep’s diet.</p>

Intake and digestibility of fatty acids in late-lactating dairy cows fed flaxseed hulls supplemented with monensin

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Côrtes ◽  
Daniele da Silva-Kazama ◽  
Ricardo Kazama ◽  
Chaouki Benchaar ◽  
Lucia M Zeoula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Flaxseed hull, a co-product obtained from flax processing, is a rich source of n−3 fatty acids but there is little information on digestibility of its nutrients by dairy cows. Four rumen-cannulated multiparous Holstein cows averaging 665±21 kg of body weight and 190±5 d in milk at the beginning of the experiment were assigned to a 4×4 Latin square design with four 28-d experimental periods to determine the effects of feeding monensin and flaxseed hulls on total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients and fatty acids. The four treatments were: (1) diet CO: control with neither flaxseed hulls nor monensin added; (2) diet FH containing 19·8 g flaxseed hulls/100 g dry matter (DM); (3) diet MO with 16 mg monensin/kg DM; (4) diet HM containing 19·8 g flaxseed hulls/100 g DM and 16 mg monensin/kg DM. Diets provided similar amounts of protein and net energy of lactation. Digestibility of crude protein was higher for diets containing flaxseed hulls and for diets supplemented with monensin. Flaxseed hulls supplementation decreased digestibility of acid and neutral detergent fibre. Significantly higher digestibility of ether extract and individual fatty acids was observed for treatments with flaxseed hulls compared with treatments without flaxseed hulls. A combination of flaxseed hulls and monensin did not result in better fatty acid digestibility than when feeding only flaxseed hulls.

scholarly journals Digestibility and microbial efficiency in steers fed diets based on corn silage hybrids and concentrate levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-657
Author(s):  
F.H.M Chizzotti ◽  
O.G. Pereira ◽  
S.C. Valadares Filho ◽  
M.I Leão ◽  
K.G Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Microbial Efficiency

A trial involving a 2x2 factorial design was conducted to evaluate the effect of corn silage hybrids and concentrate levels (25 and 50%) on intake and digestibility of nutrients, ruminal characteristics and microbial efficiency in steers. Four ruminal and abomasal cannulated steers (512±25kg of birth weight), were used in a 4×4 Latin square design. Treatments consisted of 75% silage A + 25% concentrate; 50% silage A + 50% concentrate; 75% silage B + 25% concentrate; and 50% silage B + 50% concentrate on dry matter (DM) basis. There were no differences in the intakes of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein, and ether extract. The intake of non fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients were positively affected by concentrate levels. The digestibility of DM and OM were also positively affected by concentrate levels. There were no effects of treatments on ruminal pH values, ruminal ammonia-N, and microbial efficiency.

scholarly journals Different Sources Of Fat In Supplements For Beef Cattle At Pasture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien Bissi da Freiria ◽  
Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis ◽  
Nelcino Francisco de Paula ◽  
Mozart Alves Fonseca ◽  
Pedro Ivo José Lopes da Rosa e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of the fat supplementation source (free oil and rumen-protected fat) on the nutrient intake and digestion of beef cattle at pasture. Five rumen-cannulated Nelore bulls, with an average 467.8±32.8 kg of body weight (BW) and age of 26 months, were distributed in a Latin square design (5 x 5). The treatments were as follows: WF: without fat, PS: rumen-protected fat soybean oil, PA: rumen-protected fat palm oil, SO: soybean free oil, and CO: corn free oil. Nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal pH and ammonia (NH3-N), serum urea, and nitrogen balance were analyzed. The supplements with different fat sources did not alter (P>0.05) the intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), forage, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral digestibility fiber (NDF), neutral digestibility corrected ash and protein (NDFap), nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC) or total digestible nutrients (TDN), except ether extract (EE). An increase (P<0.05) in the intake and digestibility was observed with the inclusion of a fat supply, independent of the fat source. Differences were observed between the WF and other supplements with regard to ruminal parameters (pH and NH3-N) (P>0.05) and serum urea (P>0.05). The nitrogen balance was not affected by the fat source (P>0.05). Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with 2 g/kg BW low-level free oil (130 g/kg DM supplement) or rumen protection (160 g/kg DM supplement) did not interfere with the characteristic nutrient intake and digestibility.

316 Determination of the Chemical and Phytochemical Composition of the Methanolic Extract of Urochloa Humidicola for Use as a Phytogenic Additive in Ruminant Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Rafaela Scalise Xavier de Freitas ◽  
Tatiane Pires Pereira ◽  
Danny Alexander Rojas Moreno ◽  
Yuli Andrea Pena Bermudez ◽  
Annelise Aila G Gomes Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Cross System

Abstract Plant extract is an excellent alternative to reduce methane emissions and ameliorate ruminal fermentation due the presence of the secondary metabolites, however, there are many studies with plants used on human’s diet that shows a good result but may occur competition and elevate the costs for the system. Plants consumed by animal have secondary metabolites in quantity and diversity, it can be a good strategy. This work aimed to determine the bromatological composition and characterize the Urochloa humidicola methanol extract such as the presence of secondary metabolites. The samples of the leaves of U. humidicola were collected, dried in the shade with temperature below 40°C, ground in a willey mill in 2 mm particles and subjected to cold maceration with methanol. The solution obtained was filtered by filter paper and concentrated in a rotary evaporator and put to finish the process, drying under airflow. The results of bromatological analyses were subjected to ANOVA by comparing averages by Fisher’s test using the 9.1 Saeg software and phytochemical prospecting testes were characterized as the intensity of the presence of each class of metabolites and represented via the cross-system where:(+++) implies a large presence, (++) implies a considerable presence, (+) implies a small presence and (0) implies a no presence. The dry crude methanolic extract was subjected to analysis of chemical composition and phytochemical prospecting. The extract showed 10.20% crude protein and 35% ether extract and traces of fibrous constituents, because the methanol extraction extracted only soluble constituents. A phytochemical prospecting was positive for the presence of saponin. tannin, alkaloids, catechins, non-protein amino acids and saccharides and was negative for the presence of flavonoids and purines. The U. humidicola methanol extract can be used as a phytogenic additive in the feeding of ruminants.

scholarly journals Nutrients intake and digestibility in sheep fed with residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4401
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes Costa ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Anderson Moura Zanine ◽  
Edmiar Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

This study aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and digestibility by sheep fed diets containing residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP). We used four sheep with a mean body weight (BW) of 40.38 kg, whose pens were distributed in a Latin square design. The diet treatments contained 0, 5, 10 and 15% of RETP. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the differences observed were tested using regression equations at 5% significance. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC),expressed in g day-1, % BW and g kg0,75-1, were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the inclusion of RETP. The intake of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) showed a linear increase (p<0.05) as RETP content rose. However, the digestibility of DM, CP, TC, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased linearly (p<0.05), while the digestibility of EE, NDF, ADF, and NFC, with average values of 62.12%; 79.95%; 41.59%; 37.12%, and 91.57%, respectively, were not significantly affected (p>0.05) when RETP was included in the diet. The inclusion of up to 15% of the residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp changes the intake of ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, and reduced dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates in the sheep’s diet.

scholarly journals Distillers dried by-products from barley as protein source for ruminants

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Limited Protein ◽  
By Products ◽  
In Sacco

The nutritive value of barley-derived distillers dried grains (BDDG) and distillers dried grains with solubles (BDDGS) was assessed in digestibility and in sacco rumen degradability experiments. The crude protein contents of BDDG and BDDGS were 26.4 % and 29.9 %, and the crude fibre contents 19.9 % and 17.4 % in DM, respectively. The ADF and NDF contents averaged 33 % and 67 % and the lignin 7.6 % of DM. The digestibilities of the nutrients were measured with four rams in both trials and the distillers by-products were given at two levels, 33 % and 66 %, in hay-based rations. The digestibilities in BDDG and BDDGS were, respectively, 43.1 % and 47.7 % for organic matter, 64.5 % and 66.5 % for crude protein, and 86.7 % and 87.9 % for ether extract. Due to the low digestibilities, the energy values of the two products were low, 0.58 FU/kg DM and 8.0 MJ/kg for both, and DCP/FU 295g for BDDG and 347 g for BDDGS. The rumen degradability of the crude protein of BDDG and BDDGS was found to be low and significantly lower than the degradability of wheat distillery by-products (P < 0.05). Fine grinding gave more rapid degradability. Due to the low total digestibility and reduced lysine content, BDDG and BDDGS may have limited protein availability when given as supplements.

scholarly journals Effect of energy sources on the apparent total tract digestibility and excretion of nutrients by bovine cattle

2014 ◽  
pp. 4072-4085
Author(s):  
Laura Romero S ◽  
Paulo HM Rodrigues ◽  
Carolina T Marino ◽  
Lerner A Pinedo ◽  
Maurício F Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Excretion ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

ABSTRACTObjective. To evaluate the effect of three energy sources on the intake, total apparent digestibility and excretion of nutrients in cattle diet. Materials and methods. Six ruminally cannulated cows (730 ± 70 kg) were distributed into three treatments in a replicated 3x3 Latin square experimental design, where: (I) Control: Low ether extract diet (3.50% EE); (II) Soybean: High ether extract diet (5.30% EE) with inclusion of 15% soybean and (III) Citrus pulp: Low ether extract diet (3.00% EE) and high pectin involvement with inclusion of 15% citrus pulp. To determine the digestibility of DM and its fractions, chromic oxide was used as a marker. Nutrient excretion was calculated from the digestibility coefficient of each fraction. Results. The soybean treatment reduced (p<0.05) dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract and organic matter intake and increased ether extract intake. There was no effect (p>0.05) of the energy source on the digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, NDF, EE, NFE or OM. The TDN value was higher for the soybean treatment. The excretion of DM, NFE and OM was lower (p<0.05) for the soybean treatment. All energy sources influenced the excretion of crude protein. Conclusions. The energy sources used did not affect the digestibility of the diets and are indicated as high potential sources to be used in cattle.

scholarly journals Nutrients intake and digestibility in sheep fed with residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4507
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes da Costa ◽  
Silvia Cristina de Aguiar ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Matheus Gonçalves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

This study aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and digestibility by sheep fed diets containing residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP). We used four sheep with a mean body weight (BW) of 40.38 kg, whose pens were distributed in a Latin square design. The diet treatments contained 0, 5, 10 and 15% of RETP. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the differences observed were tested using regression equations at 5% significance. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC),expressed in g day-1, % BW and g kg0,75-1, were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the inclusion of RETP. The intake of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) showed a linear increase (p<0.05) as RETP content rose. However, the digestibility of DM, CP, TC, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased linearly (p<0.05), while the digestibility of EE, NDF, ADF, and NFC, with average values of 62.12%; 79.95%; 41.59%; 37.12%, and 91.57%, respectively, were not significantly affected (p>0.05) when RETP was included in the diet. The inclusion of up to 15% of the residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp changes the intake of ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, and reduced dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates in the sheep’s diet.

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