Effects of melatonin implantation on cashmere growth, hormone concentrations and cashmere yield in cashmere-perennial-type Liaoning cashmere goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Duan ◽  
Jianhai Xu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yabo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Slow Growing

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin implants on cashmere growth, the concentrations of plasma melatonin and prolactin and the total cashmere yield in cashmere-perennial-type Liaoning cashmere goats. Twenty female goats were assigned to two treatments (n = 10) including a control and a treatment in which melatonin (2 mg/kg bodyweight) was implanted in March and May, respectively. The experiment lasted for 153 days. Fibre samples were collected in July, August and April the following year (before cashmere harvest). Blood samples were taken monthly from March to August. Cashmere yield was recorded after harvest. In melatonin-treated goats, cashmere length and cashmere growth rate from April to July were significantly increased (P < 0.05), but no influence was observed (P > 0.05) in August. Implantation of melatonin significantly increased plasma melatonin concentrations (P < 0.05) and decreased prolactin concentrations from April to July compared with the control group (P < 0.05), but no difference was observed in August (P > 0.05). Administration of melatonin increased the cashmere yield by 6.2% and the maximum cashmere length by 8.4%, but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Moreover, the cashmere fibre diameter was not influenced by melatonin implantation (P > 0.05). The results also indicated that plasma melatonin concentrations were correlated with plasma prolactin in the regulation of cashmere growth. Implantation of melatonin was an effective way to promote cashmere growth, and administration during the cashmere slow-growing period improved cashmere production without changing cashmere fibre diameter in cashmere-perennial-type Liaoning cashmere goats.

A Chronobiological Study of Melatonin, Cortisol Growth Hormone and Prolactin Secretion in Cluster Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Chazot ◽  
Bruno Claustrat ◽  
Jocelyne Brun ◽  
Daniel Jordan ◽  
Geneviève Sassolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Melatonin Rhythm ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Sleep Recording ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
Headache Patients

The temporal organization of plasma melatonin. cortisol. growth hormone (GH) and prolactin secretion was examined in healthy rested controls and in patients suffering from episodic cluster headache. Eleven patients with typical cluster headache (10 men, 1 female) and 8 male controls were studied over a 24–h period: blood was collected at 2–h intervals during the day and at l-h intervals at night. Plasma melatonin. cortisol, GH and prolactin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Most of the cluster headache patients showed a decrease in nocturnal melatonin secretion and the melatonin rhythm was even completely abolished in one patient. Chronobiological analysis of the cluster headache patients' 24–h plasma melatonin profile showed a significant decrease in amplitude and mesor: these were 58.7 pg/ml and 34.4 pg/ml respectively in control subjects, versus 18.7 pg/ml and 17.6 pg/ml for the patients. In addition. patients showed a significant phase-advance in their melatonin rhythm For cortisol, the rhythm appeared slightly blunted in the cluster headache group and was significantly phase-advanced. The plasma prolactin profile showed no significant alteration, but for plasma GH the nocturnal peak was advanced in some patients: in the absence of sleep recording, however, no conclusion could be drawn. Results from this study suggest a neuroendocrine dysregulation in cluster headache in the endogenous clock which controls the pineal rhythmicity.

scholarly journals Study the causes of growth retardation in pure breed imported calves after theileriosis in Abu-Shaeer cattle Farm /Diyala province

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Gh.H. Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Depression

The aim of this study is investigated the causes of retardation in growth of purebred calves infected by Theileria annulata.Blood samples of infected group (treatment group) were taken once, and blood samples of the control group (clinically healthy) were taken also .Serum separation was done to two groups to determinate some blood factors levels as ferritin ,phosphorus ,glucose ,growth hormone ,total T3 and total T4.It was detected that mean values of serum Ferritin was significantly higher than the values of the control group and healthy animals.No significant effect of the infection on the phosphorus and T3 levels ,While there were significant depression in serum levels of glucose ,growth hormone and T4.

scholarly journals Changes in ghrelin and nesfatin-1 in children with growth hormone deficiency treated by recombinant human growth hormone

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921882423
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ya-Ying Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Observation Group

This study aims to investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on serum nesfatin-1 and ghrelin in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD), in order to provide a reliable basis for the effectiveness and safety of applying rhGH in treating GHD children in the clinic. A total of 30 GHD pediatric patients were selected as the observation group. According to the peak of GH, these patients were divided into two subgroups: complete absence of growth hormone (CGHD) group and partial absence of growth hormone (PGHD) group. At the same time, 20 healthy children of normal height with matching age and gender were randomly selected as a normal control group. Serum ghrelin and nesfatin-1 levels were detected in children in the control group and observation group before rhGH treatment, and at 3 and 6 months after treatment. After 3 and 6 months of treatment, the height and growth rate of children in the PGHD and CGHD groups significantly increased ( P < 0.05), but their body weights did not significantly change ( P > 0.05), compared with those before treatment. Before treatment, ghrelin was higher in the PGHD group than in the control group, while ghrelin was lower in the CGHD group than in the control group. In addition, nesfatin-1 was higher in these two subgroups, compared with that in the control group. At pretreatment, and after 3  and 6 months of treatment, ghrelin and nesfatin-1 both decreased in the PGHD group, while ghrelin increased and nesfatin-1 decreased in the CGHD group. It was confirmed that ghrelin and nesfatin-1 were closely correlated with GHD. Furthermore, rhGH has a significant effect on children with GHD, and can significantly accelerate the annual growth rate.

STUDIES ON THE RELATION OF GROWTH RATE TO WOOD QUALITY IN POPULUS HYBRIDS

1942 ◽  
Vol 20c (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. V. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Soda Pulp ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Slow Growing

Experiments were conducted on the relation of growth rate to wood quality in a series of 43 hybrid and parental trees, which involved Populus alba, P. grandidentata, and P. tremuloides.Fibres in fast growth annual rings were longer on the average than those in slow growth rings from the same tree. In single annual rings, fibres of early wood were shorter and thicker than those of late wood.Average fibre diameter of individual trees was significantly correlated in a positive manner with growth rate, but the correlation between fibre length and growth rate was well below the level of significance.Short, thick habit of growth was significantly correlated with high density of wood, but correlations between growth rate (in terms of annual increment in volume) and wood density were insignificant.Experimental pulp and paper tests did not reveal any very striking differences in quality between fast growing hybrid and slow growing parental trees, although there remains some doubt as to the suitability of abnormally fast growth hybrid wood for some of the higher grades of soda pulp paper.The general, and tentative, conclusion is that the investigation revealed nothing to indicate that rapid growth is seriously detrimental to wood quality.

Whole wheat grain feeding of Merino ewes. 3. Influence of level of wheat and vitamin A on wool growth in pregnancy and lactation

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (78) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR McManus ◽  
JA Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
The Relationship

In experiment 1, ewes were fed three levels of wheat in pens, with or without vitamin A, from joining to weaning. The wheat levels ranged from 3.4 to 4.6 kg head-1 week-1. Control groups were run on native pasture. In experiment 2 three levels of wheat, which ranged from 3.9 to 7.1 kg head-1 week-1. were fed to ewes from joining to weaning. At each wheat level two groups were fed wheat in pens (wheat/ pen); another group was fed wheat in small paddocks (wheat/paddock). One of the wheat/pen groups received vitamin A. A control group was run at pasture. Vitamin A had no effect on wool traits except on wool yield in experiment 2. Clean wool weight and staple length increased linearly with increasing wheat intakes in both experiments. The relationship between fibre diameter and wheat level was linear in experiment 1 and curvilinear in experiment 2. In experiment 2 there were differences between wheat/pen and wheat/paddock groups in all the wool traits measured. In experiment 1, wool growth rate was reduced by 40 per cent in the wheat groups and by 44 per cent in the pasture groups during late pregnancy and lactation. In experiment 2, compared with early pregnancy, wool growth rate was reduced by 11 per cent and 31 per cent in the wheat groups during late pregnancy and lactation respectively.

Changes in skin and fleece characteristics of Scottish cashmere goats following selection for increased annual production and decreased fibre diameter

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Merchantt ◽  
D. J. Riach
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Staple Length

AbstractThe aim of this experiment was to determine the mechanisms involved in changes in the production of cashmere as a consequence of genetic selection. Skin follicle parameters and pattern of cashmere growth were compared in two selected lines of Scottish cashmere goats and a randomly bred control line. One line, the fine line, had been selected for low fibre diameter, and this had resulted in lower fibre diameter, but the weight of cashmere produced had also been reduced. Selection for fibre quantity and quality to give maximum financial return (the value line) had increased cashmere weight without a significant increase in cashmere diameter.Skin follicle density and the ratio of secondary to primary follicles (S/P ratio) were measured at 5 months of age in 25 female kids from each line. The density of follicles in the value line was greater (P · 0.05) than that in the fine or control lines (means were 21·8, 19·8 and 20·1 follicles per mm2 respectively, s.e.d. 0.73). S/P ratio increased (P · 0.001) from control to fine to value lines (means were 6.5, 7.7 and 8.4 respectively, s.e.d. = 0.30).The rate of cashmere growth (length), peak cashmere length, the duration of the cashmere growing period and dates of initiation and cessation of growth were measured in the same 25 goats from each line between 2 and 3 years of age. These traits were estimated from the regression of measurements of staple length taken at approximately 6-weekly intervals from the start of the growing period until peak staple length was reached. Measurements were made on the shoulder, mid side and hip. There was no difference in cashmere growth rate between the selection lines (average 0·29 (s.e. 0.006) mm/day). Cashmere growth started earliest in the value line and latest in the fine line but the date of cessation of growth was not different. This affected the duration of the growing period which was 183, 163 and 214 days (s.e.d. 9.6, P · 0.001) for the control, fine and value lines respectively. Peak staple length of cashmere was longest in the value line.Increased weight of cashmere in the value line was brought about through an increase in the number of secondary follicles and by an increase in the length of cashmere due to an increase in the duration of the growing period.

Relationships between blood hormonal concentrations and secondary fibre shedding in young cashmere-bearing goats at their first moult

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Celi ◽  
E. Seren ◽  
R. Celi ◽  
A. Parmeggiani ◽  
A. Di Trana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Moult Cycle ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Secondary Fibre

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate secondary fibre shedding in relation to seasonal hormonal changes in young cashmere-bearing goats reared in southern Italy. We used 14 cashmere-bearing kids, seven males and seven females, of a Scottish breed-population of goats specialized in cashmere production. Monthly, a hair patch of 4 cm2was clipped from both left and right mid sides alternately and cashmere length and its yield were determined. Blood samples were taken every 2 weeks and plasma was assayed for prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), progesterone and testosterone. With the same frequency, animals were monitored for onset of moult. Our data indicate that in young cashmere goats at their first moult, secondary fibre shedding is a seasonal event that is strictly related to changes in photoperiod and that PRL has a pivotal rôle in regulating this phenomenon. This corresponds with findings in adults. The observation that both thyroid hormones and sex steroids varied seasonally suggests that they are involved in the regulation of the moult cycle, but their precise rôle remains to be elucidated. Our data also indicate that GH seems to be implicated in the control of the moult cycle. The finding that maximal fibre shedding occurred earlier in males than females could be ascribed to differences in GH levels and to the earlier increase in plasma concentration of PRL observed in males.

Hypothalamic histamine, growth rate, plasma prolactin and growth hormone levels in rats with long-term portacaval anastomosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lozeva ◽  
E. Anttila ◽  
R. K. Tuominen ◽  
M. Hippeläinen ◽  
P. T. Männistö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Portacaval Anastomosis ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Hypothalamic Histamine

Inhibition of prolactin promotes secondary skin follicle activation in cashmere goats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lechao Zhang ◽  
Chunhui Duan ◽  
Yunxia Guo ◽  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Yueqin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Membrane Receptor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of prolactin (PRL) on development of secondary skin follicles in cashmere goats. Goats were randomly assigned to either a bromocriptine treatment or control group. Samples of cashmere fiber, blood and skin were collected from all goats after 1 month. The results indicated that the length, growth rate and diameter of fibers were not influenced (P &gt; 0.05) by the inhibition of prolactin resulting from the treatment with bromocriptine. There was a tendency for increases in total follicle number, primary and secondary follicle numbers and in the ratio of secondary to primary follicles following treatment with bromocriptine, but these differences were not significant (P &gt; 0.05). The percentage of active secondary follicles in anagen was increased (P &lt; 0.05) in the bromocriptine-treated goats but there was no effect of treatment on the percentage of active primary follicles. Bromocriptine decreased (P &lt; 0.05) circulating concentrations of PRL and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and increased (P &lt; 0.05) those of melatonin (MT), but there was no effect of this treatment on the serum concentrations of cortisol (COR), growth hormone (GH), tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). In bromocriptine-treated goats mRNA expressions of PRL and MT membrane receptor 1a (MTNR1a) were decreased (P &lt; 0.05) and mRNA expression of MT nuclear receptor (RORα) was increased (P &lt; 0.05), but there was no effect of the treatment on expression of long PRL receptor (LPRLR), short PRL receptor (SPRLR), MT membrane receptor 1b (MTNR1b) and IGF1. It is concluded that inhibition of PRL promotes secondary hair follicle development in the anagen phase, possibly by down-regulating MTNR1a and up-regulating RORα gene expression in the skin.

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