Weight gain and faecal nitrogen excretion in grazing British and Zebu crossbred steers

1963 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Average Gain ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
The One

The excretion of faecal nitrogen by 16 grazing steers, eight Hereford x Shorthorn and eight Zebu crossbreds, was determined at intervals over a period of 11 months. It was found that the non-dialysable faecal nitrogen fraction was the one most strongly correlated with gain. Statistically this fraction accounted for 68% of the variation in average gain of the two breed groups between measurement intervals, and for 75% of the variation in weight gain between individual steers during the summer gain period. The data gave no indication of inherent breed differences in intake, as judged by non-dialysable nitrogen excretion.

Studies on goat nutrition Part I. Minimum protein requirement of goats for maintenance-endogenous urinary nitrogen and metabolic faecal nitrogen excretion studies

1960 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Endogenous Urinary Nitrogen ◽  
The One ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

1. EUN and MFN excretions have been determined in goats on a N-low ration and also on a N-free ration. The values obtained were,EUN = 0·052 g./kg. live weight andMFN = 0·41 g./100 g. dry-matter feed intake.2. The values so determined with the two feeding regimens, for both the EUN and MFN agreed very closely.3. The minimum protein requirement of goats for maintenance, as calculated from the EUN value, is 0·65 lb./1000 lb. live weight.4. The formula for calculating the utilizable protein requirement for this species is found to be P = 0·89. W0.734, and is almost identical with the one given by Mitchell.5. The usefulness of the above formula in predicting the EUN of immature goats is discussed.

scholarly journals Risk Aversion and Social Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaromír Kovářík ◽  
Marco J. van der Leij
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Network Clustering ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Social Network Structure ◽  
The One

AbstractThis paper first investigates empirically the relationship between risk aversion and social network structure in a large group of undergraduate students. We find that risk aversion is strongly correlated to local network clustering, that is, the probability that one has a social tie to friends of friends. We then propose a network formation model that generates this empirical finding, suggesting that locally superior information on benefits makes it more attractive for risk averse individuals to link to friends of friends. Finally, we discuss implications of this model. The model generates a positive correlation between local network clustering and benefits, even if benefits are distributed independently ex ante. This provides an alternative explanation of this relationship to the one given by the social capital literature. We also establish a linkage between the uncertainty of the environment and the network structure: risky environments generate more clustered and more unequal networks in terms of connectivity.

Aspects of nitrogen utilization in Asiatic water buffalo and Zebu cattle

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

SUMMARYThe results of 62 comparative digestibility and nitrogen balance trials of Asiatic water buffalo and Zebu cattle fed the same roughage or mixed diet were analysed to test for species differences in various nitrogen input-output relationships. The influence of dietary metabolizable energy content on the utilization of dietary or apparently digested nitrogen (ADN) was also investigated.There was no difference between buffaloes and Zebus in their ability to digest dietary nitrogen. The true nitrogen digestibility was calculated to be 81% and the metabolic faecal nitrogen excretion to be 0·36 g N/lOOg dry-matter intake. The buffaloes had lower rates of excretion of urinary nitrogen per unit increase in ADN, and at the same intake of ADN (143 mg/kg live weight/day), they had the higher nitrogen balance: 58v.48 mg/kg live weight/day. Dietary metabolizable energy content did not affect the utilization of digested nitrogen.Estimates of metabolic faecal nitrogen and endogenous urinary nitrogen excretions and of maintenance requirements for digested nitrogen were similar to those of tropical large ruminants reported by other workers. On low-quality (0·8% N) or medium-quality (1·6% N) diets, it was calculated that buffaloes would have nitrogen balances.

scholarly journals A novel method of ESR oscillating magnetization value determination in strongly correlated metals

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 02003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marat Gilmanov ◽  
Alexey Semeno ◽  
Alexander Samarin ◽  
Sergey Demishev
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Field ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Static Magnetization ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Value Determination ◽  
The One

We propose a powerful method of direct measurement of oscillating magnetization by the electron spin resonance, based on dependence of resonant conditions on geometry of the experiment. Theoretical consideration of the matter leads to a simple expression for oscillating magnetization. Approbation of this method is implemented by means of cavity ESR spectrometer (60 GHz) on two diverse metallic systems, where static magnetization at the resonance field varies by an order of magnitude. Quantitative values of oscillating magnetization (905 G for EuB6 at T = 4.2 K and 94 G for CeB6 at T = 1.8 K) are in appropriate agreement with the one obtained by the other methods.

The effectiveness of prophylactic sterilisation of beehive materials by gamma radiation

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Oldroyd ◽  
C Reinganum
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
Average Gain ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies hived in beehive materials that had been sterilised by gamma irradiation had an average weight gain of 29.3 kg while those housed in untreated hives had an average gain of 27.1 kg.Bees sampled from both the treated and untreated colonies were examined for the presence of Nosema apis and virus, causitive organisms of stress related diseases, at the end of the season. No significant differences were found. The slight increase in weight (2.2 kg) of the sterilised colonies was not sufficient to justify the cost of prophylactic sterilisation of beehive equipment.

Studies on marsupial nutrition V. the nitrogen requirements of the euro, Macropus robustus

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Brown ◽  
A.R. Main
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

The nitrogen requirements of some female euros (Macropus robustus) were determined by means of nitrogen balance feeding trials. The average minimum dietary nitrogen requirement for the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium was 1.99 g/day or 309 mg/day per kgW*0.73. The metabolic faecal nitrogen output of the euros, determined indirectly, was estimated to be 0.27 g/100 g dry matter intake. The minimum digestible nitrogen requirements of the euros were 160 mg/day per kgW*0.73, equivalent to approximately 1 g digestible nitrogen per day. The minimum urinary nitrogen excretion of the euros, at dietary nitrogen intakes of approximately 1 g/day, was an average of 34 mg/day per kgW*0.73. Comparison of the results obtained with data for eutherian species reported in the literature indicates that the nitrogen requirements and urinary nitrogen excretion of this species is markedly less than that of eutherian species. The results are briefly discussed in relation to survival of the euro in the arid environment of the Pilbara district of Western Australia.

THE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUSLY ADMINISTERED ALDOSTERONE IN A TOTALLY ADRENALECTOMIZED HUMAN

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Beck ◽  
C. P. Giroud ◽  
I. Dyrenfurth ◽  
E. H. Venning
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

Six hundred micrograms of aldosterone administered intravenously to a totally adrenalectomized patient caused water retention and weight gain without apparent alteration in the sodium and potassium balance. A marked increase in the urinary nitrogen excretion occurred during the aldosterone infusion.

scholarly journals FERTILITY AND SOCIAL SECURITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Boldrin ◽  
Mariacristina De Nardi ◽  
Larry E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Jones Model ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Broad Cross Section ◽  
The One

Abstract:The data show that an increase in government provided old-age pensions is strongly correlated with a reduction in fertility. What type of model is consistent with this finding? We explore this question using two models of fertility, the one by Barro and Becker (1989), and the one inspired by Caldwell and developed by Boldrin and Jones (2002). In the Barro and Becker model parents have children because they perceive their children’s lives as a continuation of their own. In the Boldrin and Jones’ framework parents procreate because the children care about their old parents’ utility, and thus provide them with old age transfers. The effect of increases in government provided pensions on fertility in the Barro and Becker model is very small, and inconsistent with the empirical findings. The effect on fertility in the Boldrin and Jones model is sizeable and accounts for between 55 and 65% of the observed Europe–US fertility differences both across countries and across time and over 80% of the observed variation seen in a broad cross section of countries. Another key factor affecting fertility the Boldrin and Jones model is the access to capital markets, which can account for the other half of the observed change in fertility in developed countries over the last 70 years.

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