Effects on reproduction of prolonged grazing of oestrogenic pastures by ewes

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
HE Fels ◽  
HG Neil
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Six-year-old ewes, the survivors of two experimental groups that had grazed from May to October through the 5 preceding years on mixed pastures containing an oestrogenic variety (Dwalganup) of subterranean clover ("clover" group) and oat crops ("oats" group), were mated 6 months after their last exposure to oestrogenic pasture and allocated for slaughter to observe the fertilization rate of eggs or the numbers of surviving embryos. In late April the clover and oats groups did not differ significantly in the proportion of eggs fertilized (13/15 eggs v. 11/11) but in May there was a highly significant difference (4/12 v. 14/17). The difference between late April and May in the clover group was significant and was associated with changes in the ratio of oestrous ewes to rams. The ratio of live embryos to eggs shed was much higher in the oats than in the clover group (56173 v. 8/39). After estimating how many of these eggs had been fertilized it was concluded that more fertilized eggs developed successfully in the oats than in the clover group (c. 56/65 v. 8/17). The data suggested that more "clover" embryos died during days 13–19 of pregnancy. Significantly more clover group ewes had obvious reproductive tract infections. These ewes did not show oestrus regularly though they may have ovulated more or less regularly. Other clover group ewes showed oestrus as regularly as oats group ewes. Clover group ewes had many more macroscopic endometrial cysts in their uteri and cervices, but within groups, numbers of cysts were not significantly associated with previous or current reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Comparative study of sonohysterosalpingography with hysterosalpingography for determination of tubal patency in infertile women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3117
Author(s):  
Renuka Kumari ◽  
Priti Bala Sahay
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Ever since the history of mankind, human infertility has been a source of personal misery and social stigma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tubal factors of infertility, especially the tubal patency by SSG and HSG and study the advantages of both.Methods: The present work was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Radiodiagnosis of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. 60 patients with primary or secondary infertility attending the OPD were selected over a period of 15 months (July 2008 to September 2009). Inclusion criteria: women of age 20-35 years with regular menstrual cycle whose male partners had no faults. Exclusion criteria: women with PID or other proven causes of infertility. All the patients were subjected to both SSG and HSG (interval period being 1 menstrual cycle) and the results compared in terms of tubal occlusion detection rate, detection of pelvic pathologies and complications of both the procedures.Results: Out of 60 cases, 70% (42) were of primary infertility and 30% (18) were of secondary infertility. History of reproductive tract infections was higher in secondary infertility group (44%). SSG appeared to be more sensitive in detection of tubal obstruction (35%) than HSG (30%), but the difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). HSG could locate the exact site of tubal obstruction which was not evident in SSG. SSG was more sensitive in detection of associated pelvic pathologies (p = 0.05) like ovarian cyst, endometriosis and fibroid uterus. However, HSG was better in diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. 20% of patients complained of pelvic pain, bleeding, infection or allergic reaction during or after HSG, while only 7% of patients reported the same with SSG. Thus, SSG was superior to HSG in this respect (p = 0.02).Conclusions: SSG, though not a substitute, can be used as an alternative to HSG for assessment of tubal factors of infertility.

scholarly journals A study of reproductive morbidity of women in the Eastern Terai Region of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Dangal
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Uterovaginal Prolapse ◽  
P Value ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim: This study aims to fill the gap of information of reproductive health (RH) of women living in rural eastern Terai by providing baseline data on reproductive morbidity (RM) leading to pelvic organ prolapse (POP), reproductive tract infections (RTIs), menstrual problems and subfertility. Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of women who attended mobile RH camps in eastern Terai of Nepal organized at different villages falling in three districts namely Rautahat, Mahottari and Saptari during December 2005 and 2006. The diagnoses were made mostly on clinical evaluation and treatment provided. The leading reproductive morbidity of POP was dealt in detail and surgeries were performed in the district headquarters. The data were recorded and analysed manually. Analysis was done by standard statistical methods and a two tailed P value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference. Results: Total number of women treated in the camps was 7750. Majority of the women in this study were found to be suffering from STI (30.1%), followed by POP (20.1%), menstrual disorders (16.7%) and subfertility (9.3%). Among POP patients majority received ring pessary insertion (43.8%) followed by counselling plus pelvic floor exercise (32.9%) and surgical correction (23.3%). Third-degree POP (38.6%) was commonest among all POP cases. Majority (60%) developed POP after first and second child birth. Conclusion: The major reproductive morbidity in this study was STI, POP (most of the women having thirddegree uterovaginal prolapse), menstrual disorders and sub-fertility. Surgical treatment at the camps could only be provided to small number, suggesting expansion of health services in rural Nepal by reproductive health barriers like poverty, education. Key words: menstrual disorders, pelvic organ prolapse, reproductive morbidity, reproductive tract infections, sub-fertility.   doi:10.3126/njog.v3i1.1436 NJOG 2008 May-June; 3(1): 29 - 34

scholarly journals Reproductive tract infection and health seeking behaviour: a cross sectional community based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1524
Author(s):  
Kanchan B. Gawande ◽  
Abhay S. Srivastava ◽  
Purushottam Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Women in India have multitude of health problem, which ultimately affect the economic output. The health of Indian women is intrinsically linked to their status in society. There is significant gap in understanding the reproductive tract infections as well as consequence for women lives. The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of reproductive tract infections and sociodemographic factors responsible among ever married women.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was carried out in the rural area near Mumbai city. List of villages in the study area was obtained from primary health centre (PHC). The prevalence of reproductive tract infections among ever married women was 20.7%. At 95% confidence level and 5% allowable error sample size is 262 (n=4*p*q/l2). So the sample size required to document RTI was 265 ever married women.Results: Prevalence of reproductive tract infections was 143(53.96%). Most common morbidity found was vaginal discharge 59 (22.26%). There was a significant difference between the proportions of study subjects with reproductive tract infection with respect to their educational status & occupation.Conclusions: There was high prevalence of reproductive tract infection among study subjects with only 13.74% visited a qualified medical practitioner for their complaints. 

Syndromic approach for diagnosis of reproductive tract infections among women attending gynaecology OPD in a teaching hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Surabhi Saharan ◽  
◽  
Jaya Choudhary ◽  
Aakarsh Sinha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Syndromic Approach ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Reproductive Tract Infections in Dairy Cows: Can Probiotics Curb Down the Incidence Rate?

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-64
Author(s):  
Eduardo Barahona Rosales ◽  
Burim N. Ametaj
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Uterine Health ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Postpartum uterine diseases are common in dairy cows and are a great concern for the dairy industry as they are associated with various consequences, including lower fertility, lower milk yield, and an overall negative impact on the host health. An infected uterus is a source of bacterial compounds and cytokines that spill into the systemic circulation, spreading inflammation to other organs. In this review article, we discuss a short overview of the anatomy of the reproductive tract of dairy cows and several infectious diseases of the uterus including metritis, endometritis, and pyometra. Additionally, we discuss the microbiome of the reproductive tract in health and during uterine diseases. As well, diagnostic criteria for metritis and endometritis and contributing factors for increased susceptibility to metritis infection are important topics of this review. To better understand how the uterus and reproductive tract respond to bacterial pathogens, a section of this review is dedicated to immunity of the reproductive tract. Both the innate and adaptive immunity systems are also discussed. We conclude the review with a factual discussion about the current treatments of uterine diseases and the new developments in the area of application of probiotics for uterine health. Mechanisms of actions of probiotics are discussed in detail and also some applications to prevent uterine infections in dairy cows are discussed.

scholarly journals Identifying Risk Factors for Lower Reproductive Tract Infections among Women Using Reusable Absorbents in Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4778
Author(s):  
Padmalaya Das ◽  
Danielle Lisnek ◽  
Krushna Chandra Sahoo ◽  
Shalini Sinha ◽  
JyotiRanjan Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Study Laboratory

A large proportion of women in Odisha, India, use reusable absorbents to manage their menstruation. Yet, the risk factors for lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs) related to menstrual hygiene management (MHM) have not been studied among reusable absorbent users. Women of reproductive age attending one of two hospitals from two different cities in Odisha during two separate study intervals were recruited for the study. Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) were conducted. A questionnaire was used to collect information on MHM practices, water, sanitation, and socio-demographic factors. Among the 509 women who used reusable absorbents, 71.7% were diagnosed with at least one infection. After adjusting for confounders, women with BV were more likely to identify as being a housewife (aOR: 1.8 (1.1–2.9)). Frequent absorbent changing was protective against BV (aOR: 0.5 (0.3–0.8)), whereas frequent body washing increased the odds of BV (aOR: 1.5 (1.0–2.2)). Women with VVC were more likely to be older (aOR: 1.6 (1.0–2.5)), live below the poverty line (aOR: 1.5 (1.1–2.2)), have a non-private household latrine (aOR: 2.2 (1.3–4.0)), dry their absorbents inside the house (aOR: 3.7 (2.5–4.5)), and store absorbents in the latrine area (aOR: 2.0 (1.3–2.9)). Washing absorbents outside the house was protective against VVC (aOR: 0.7 (0.4–1.0)). This study highlights the importance of improving MHM practices among reusable absorbent users to prevent lower RTIs among women reusing menstrual materials in Odisha.

scholarly journals Reproductive tract infections in women seeking abortion in Vietnam

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyn M Hng ◽  
Jørgen Kurtzhals ◽  
Th Thu Thy ◽  
Vibeke Rasch
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Incidence of HIV-1 infection and changes in prevalence of reproductive tract infections and sexual risk behaviours: a population-based longitudinal study in rural Tanzania

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia J Mmbaga ◽  
Akhtar Hussain ◽  
Germana H Leyna ◽  
Elise Klouman ◽  
Elisante Masenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Rural Tanzania ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours ◽  
Hiv 1
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