Above-Ground Biomass of a Mixed Eucalypt Forest in Eastern Victoria

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
HTL Stewart ◽  
DW Flinn ◽  
BC Aeberli
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Sclerophyll Forest ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Branch Wood

Eleven trees of Eucalyptus muellerana and 10 trees both of E. agglomerata and of E. sieberi growing in an uneven-aged mixed sclerophyll forest on duplex granitoid soils in eastern Victoria were felled, measured. separated into branch and stem components, sampled and weighed. Understorey vegetation and litter were also sampled for dry weight determination. Both linear and allometric regressions were developed for each species to predict branch and stem component dry weights from branch and tree dimensions. The predicted component weights for all branches on each tree were summed to estimate crown component dry weights, and regressions were then fitted for these crown component dry weights as functions of tree dimensions. Land area estimates of above-ground tree biomass were made by measuring tree diameters on sample plots. applying the appropriate regressions relating stem and crown component dry weights to tree diameter, and summing the predicted weights for each plot. The above-ground biomass of the forest ecosystem. which had a tree density of 123 stems per ha, was estimated to be 344.100 kg ha-1 of which 94.6% was in the forest overstorey. The proportions of each tree component in the overstorey were stem wood 60.1%, stem bark 15.8%. branch wood 16.5%, branch bark 3.9%, twigs 2.0%, and leaves 1.7%.

scholarly journals MICRONUTRIENTES DA BIOMASSA AÉREA DE BRACATINGA SOB DIFERENTES CLASSES DE SÍTIO, IDADE E DIÂMETRO

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Jorge Téo ◽  
Sebastião Do Amaral Machado ◽  
Carlos Bruno Reissmann ◽  
Afonso Figueiredo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Micronutrient Concentration ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Diameter Classes

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo quantificar e analisar as concentrações e conteúdos de micronutrientes da biomassa aérea de bracatinga sob diferentes classes de sítio, idade e diâmetro, na região metropolitana de Curitiba, Estado do Paraná. Foram amostradas 25 árvores em diversas localidades da área de estudo, as quais foram separadas nos seguintes compartimentos da biomassa: folhas, galhos < 4 cm, galhos ≥ 4 cm, madeira e casca do fuste. Após o levantamento de biomassa no campo, amostras foram levadas para o laboratório para a determinação do peso da massa seca e dos micronutrientes. As árvores foram agrupadas por classe de sítio, de idade e de diâmetro, as quais constituíram os tratamentos de um delineamento estatístico inteiramente casualizado. De acordo com os resultados, as concentrações de micronutrientes assumiram a seguinte ordem decrescente: Mn > Fe > Cu > Zn. O compartimento da biomassa aérea que apresentou as maiores quantidades de micronutrientes foi a madeira. As concentrações de micronutrientes não apresentaram tendências claras de aumento ou diminuição com nenhum dos fatores analisados. Somente os diâmetros exerceram efeitos significativos e consistentes sobre os conteúdos de micronutrientes da biomassa aérea de bracatinga na região metropolitana de Curitiba.Palavras-chave: Mimosa scabrella; nutrientes; ciclagem de nutrientes; biomassa. AbstractMicronutrients of above-ground bracatinga biomass under different sites, ages and diameter classes.The aims of this research were to quantify and analyze the micronutrient concentration and content of Mimosa scabrella above-ground biomass under different sites, ages and diameter classes, in Curitiba metropolitan region, Paraná State, Brazil. Twenty five trees were sampled in several localities of the study area, which were separated in different biomass components, as follow: leaves, twigs, branches, stem wood and bark. After the biomass survey in the field, samples of each tree component were carried out to the laboratory for dry weight and micronutrient determination. The trees were grouped by site, age and diameter classes, which constituted the treatments of a completely random statistical design. According to the results, the micronutrient concentrations assumed a decreasing order as follow: Mn > Fe > Cu > Zn. The stem wood presented the highest quantity of micronutrient, considering the tree above-ground biomass. The micronutrient concentrations didn’t present clear tendencies according to site, age and diameter classes. Only the diameter classes had exerted significant and coherent effects on the micronutrient contents of the studied species.Keywords: Mimosa scabrella; nutrients; nutrient cycling; biomass.

scholarly journals Above-ground tree biomass and allometric relationships of Cinnamomum tamala grown in the western hill regions of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Poudel ◽  
SK Gautam ◽  
DN Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Model Validation ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Branch Wood

Biomass regression models are presented describing total above-ground biomass, stem wood, branch wood, foliage and bark production for Tejpat (Cinnamomum tamala), a multipurpose tree which is found abundantly distributed and grown in western hill districts of Nepal. A total of 56 Tejpat trees between 6.2 and 16.5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) from farmers’ farmland and marginal land in Arghakhanchi, Gulmi and Palpa districts were sampled and harvested. Mean fresh weight of total above-ground biomass, stem wood, branch wood, foliage and bark was 77.03, 36.39, 15.16, 17.53 and 8.2 kg tree -1, respectively. Allocation of biomass was more in stem (47.24% tree-1) than in foliage (22.75% tree-1), branch (19.69% tree-1) and bark (10.31% tree-1). Weight of tree component was estimated as a function of DBH. After removal of the outliers, data were randomly divided into two datasets: 70% for model calibration and another 30% for model validation. Correlation analysis showed positive stronger linear relationship between DBH and biomass. Five regression models (linear, logarithmic, quadratic, power and exponential) were developed. All models were statistically significant, with R2 ranging from 0.64 to 0.83. Model validation was based on root mean square error (RMSE). RMSE percentage for the best-fit equation varied between 16.64% and 44.82%. Linear model resulted in the least error and was selected as the best-fit model for prediction of biomass of bark, foliage, branch, stem and total above ground tree biomass. Biomass models developed could be applied to obtain biomass of different tree components of Tejpat grown in the study area and could even be applied to other areas which have similar conditions; but it should be validated before using them in new sites and conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v21i1.9058 Banko Janakari, Vol. 21, No. 1 2011; 3-12

scholarly journals Allometric Equations for Estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stocks in Temperate Forests of North-Western Mexico

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽  
Carlos Antonio López-Sánchez ◽  
José Javier Corral-Rivas ◽  
Jorge Omar López-Martínez ◽  
Cristóbal Gerardo Aguirre-Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

This paper presents new above-ground biomass (AGB) and biomass components equations for seventeen forest species in the temperate forests of northwestern Mexico. A data set corresponding to 1336 destructively sampled oak and pine trees was used to fit the models. Generalized method of moments was used to simultaneously fit systems of equations for biomass components and AGB, to ensure additivity. Additionally, the carbon content of each tree component was calculated by the dry combustion method, in a TOC analyser. The fitted equations accounted for on average 91, 83, 84 and 78% of the observed variance in stem wood and stem bark, branch and foliage biomass, respectively, whereas the total AGB equations explained on average 93% of the total observed variance in AGB. The inclusion of h or d2h as additional predictor in the d-only based equations systems slightly improved estimates of stem wood, stem bark and total above-ground biomass, and greatly improved the estimates produced by the branch and foliage biomass equations. The fitted equations were used to estimate AGB stocks at stand level from a database on growing stock from 429 permanent sampling plots. Three machine-learning techniques were used to model the estimated stand level AGB and carbon contents; the selected models were applied to map the AGB and carbon distributions in the study area, which yielded mean values of 129.84 Mg ha-1 and 63.80 Mg ha-1, respectively.

Biomass and above-ground productivity of salt-marsh plants in south-eastern Australia

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Clarke ◽  
CA Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Sporobolus Virginicus ◽  
Eastern Australia

The above-ground biomass of three dominant salt-marsh vascular plants (Juncus kraussii, Sarcocornia quinquejlora and Sporobolus virginicus) was measured to assess both spatial and temporal variation and to provide baseline data. Additionally, the culm dynamics of the rush J. kraussii were measured so that aboveground productivity could be estimated. No distinct seasonal patterns were detected in above-ground biomass in J. kraussii. Averaged over all sites and times, the above-ground biomass of J. kraussii was 1116 g dry weight m-2. Culms are replaced annually, hence standing crop approximated annual above-ground productivity. Much of the dead aboveground biomass appears to accumulate in the upper marsh, as evidenced by the elevated nutrient and organic carbon content of the soil there relative to the sediment in the mangrove zone. Above-ground biomass of the decumbent perennial grass Sporobolus virginicus and the procumbent perennial chenopod Sarcocornia quinqueflora showed no consistent spatial or temporal trends. The above-ground standing crops of these species were about one-third that of J. kraussii.

The effect of wastewater discharge on biomass production and nutrient content of Cyperus papyrus and Miscanthidium violaceum in the Nakivubo wetland, Kampala, Uganda

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kansiime ◽  
M. Nalubega ◽  
J.J.A. van Bruggen ◽  
P. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Annual Total

The nutrient content of representative plant parts and biomass production in the Nakivubo wetland, correlation of these with the wastewater flow patterns and determination of nutrient uptake, storage and biomass production of Cyperus papyrus (papyrus) and Miscanthidium violaceum was studied. On average papyrus vegetation under the influence of wastewater had higher nutrient content in the above ground biomass (1.6% N and 0.23% P on dry weight basis) than those not affected (0.98% N and 0.18% P). The biomass varied between 3,529-5,844 g/m2 and 883-1,156 g/m2 in the two respective sites. The juvenile plants of papyrus and Miscanthidium had higher concentrations of P and N in their organs compared to the mature ones. Considering the nutrients stored by the dominant vegetation and the current flow patterns of wastewater in the Nakivubo wetland, harvesting of the above ground biomass once a year, would remove 7.7% of the N input and 15.8% of the P input of the annual total load entering the wetland. However, if the wetland is bio-manipulated and the wastewater flow distributed over the whole wetland, up to 70% nitrogen and 76% phosphorus would be removed by harvesting above ground papyrus biomass.

scholarly journals Biomass equations for calabrian pine in the mediterranean region of Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turan Sönmez ◽  
Mehmet Yavuz ◽  
Abdurrahman Şahin ◽  
Aydin Karhiman
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Calabrian Pine ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations for the estimation of above-ground biomass components of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) tree in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Using regression analysis, different allometric equations were fitted for the tree components of the above-ground biomass using diameter at breast height (dbh) and tree height as estimators. Two hundred and ninety-two trees between 0.4 and 63.0 cm in dbh were randomly sampled throughout 292 natural, pure Calabrian pine stands in Turkey’s Mediterranean Region, where it forms diverse stand structures. Finally, the allometric equations were developed for the tree components of the Calabrian pine tree for the stem, bark, branch, needle and total above-ground biomass. The stem, bark and total biomass equations explained more than 90% of the observed variability, while the branch and needle biomass equations explained 82% and 65%, respectively.

Tree size, biomass, and volume growth of twelve 34-year-old Ontario jack pine provenances

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Magnussen ◽  
V. G. Smith ◽  
C. W. Yeatman
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Branch Wood

Tree size and aboveground biomass in twelve 34-year-old Ontario jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) provenances growing at Petawawa National Forestry Institute (Chalk River, Ontario) was negatively correlated with latitude of origin. The best provenance exceeded the local provenance in tree height and diameter by approximately 10%. The pattern of geographical variation was stable over time, making general and sound predictions of provenance growth based on juvenile performance feasible. Persistent differences among some geographically close provenances indicated the potential for genetic improvement by selecting the best populations within site regions. The results demonstrated have important implications for jack pine breeding and improvement strategies at the provenance level. The provenance averages of aboveground ovendry weight per tree ranged from 44 to 79 kg. The aboveground tree biomass was distributed as follows in seven analyzed provenances: stem wood, 78%; stem bark, 8%; branch wood, 8%; needles, 5%; cones, 1%. Variation in average stemwood mass among provenances was less than the variation in average stem volume because of a strong negative correlation on a single tree basis between stem volume and stem wood density. The mean annual volume and biomass accretion per hectare in the best provenances averaged 10 m3 and 4 t, respectively. Total stem volume production per hectare varied exponentially with tree height. Mean annual stem volume increment of the best provenances exceeded that of the slowest growing provenances by 22–40%.

Seasonal changes in biomass and shoot characteristics of a Zostera capricorni Aschers. Dominant meadow in Cairns Harbour, northern Queensland

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Below Ground

Spatial and temporal variability of Z. capricorni biomass, shoot characteristics (canopy height, surface area, flowering), distribution and detrital content were examined from December 1988 to December 1990. Between August 1987 and August 1991, 15% (2.0 ha) of the meadow was lost. Biomass of above- and below-ground structures showed a unimodal seasonal pattern with maxima in late spring (mean 194.92 g dry weight m-2 and 426.67 g DW m-2 respectively) and minima in winter (mean 28.72 g DW m-2 and 56.98 g DW m-2 respectively). Mean above-ground biomass (95.53 � 2.21 g DW m-2) was approximately half the mean below-ground biomass (177.28 � 4.49 g DW m-2). Leaf canopy heights were greatest between October and February (maximum 53.4 cm) and lowest around mid year (minimum 4.4 cm). Leaf surface area per square metre of seagrass meadow ranged from 10.28 to 1.39 m2 (mean 3,692 � 0.104 m2), and flowering occurred during September and October. Detrital biomass ranged from 339.73g DW m-2 to 11.83 g DW m-2 (mean 77.39 � 2.36 g DW m-2). Detrital biomass was higher during July-October and lower during February-May. The climate during the study was typical for the area, and all trials displayed similar seasonal patterns, although the amplitudes differed among some trials. The environmental parameters that may influence seagrass and detrital biomass were investigated. The best models explained only 14% of the variation in above-ground biomass, 15% of the variation in below-ground biomass, and 21% of the variation in detrital biomass. These models suggest that fluctuations in seagrass and detrital biomass in Cairns Harbour were influenced by changes in light availability, temperature, salinity and exposure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of regression models for above-ground biomass determination in Amazon rainforest

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Petrus Maria Overman ◽  
Hendrik Johannes Louis Witte ◽  
Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
Biomass Determination

ABSTRACTIn a mature lowland ‘terra firme’ forest near Araracuara in Colombia, a study was conducted to determine the above-ground biomass by means of regression analysis. Dry weight, DBH (i.e. stem diameter at 1.3 m above ground level, or just above buttresses if these surpassed 1.3 m in height), total height and specific wood density were measured on 54 harvested trees, chosen in a ‘selected random’ manner. Nine different regression models were evaluated for statistical correctness, accuracy of the estimates and for practical use. The logarithmically transformed models with DBH2, and DBH2 × height as independent variables appeared to be the only models meeting the above criteria, the latter being the most accurate.The exclusion of big trees (DBH >45 cm) from the regression did not result in significant changes of the regression coefficients.

scholarly journals An Allometric Model Based Approach For Estimating Biomass In Seven Indian Bamboo Species In Western Himalayan Foothills, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kaushal ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
Salil Tewari ◽  
J. M.S. Tomar ◽  
S. Thapliyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Allometric Model ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Himalayan Foothills

Abstract The rapid growth rate, high biomass production, and annual harvesting, makes bamboo as suitable species for commercial production. Allometric equations for many broadleaf and conifer tree species are available. However, knowledge on biomass production and allometric equations of bamboos are limited. This study aims at developing species specific allometric models for predicting biomass and synthetic height values as a proxy variable for seven bamboo species in Himalayan foothills. Two power form based allometric models were used to predict above ground and culm biomass using Diameter at breast height (D) alone and D in combination with culm height (H) as independent variable. This study also extended to establishing H-D allometric model that can be used to generate synthetic H values as proxy to missing H. In the seven bamboo species studied, among three major biomass component (culm, branch and foliage), culm is the most important component with highest share (69.56 to 78.71%).Distribution of percentage (%) share of culm, branch and foliage to above ground fresh weight varies significantly between different bamboo species. D. hamiltonii has highest productivity for above ground biomass components. Ratio of dry to fresh weight of seven bamboo species was estimated for culm, branch, foliage and above ground biomass to convert fresh weight to dry weight.

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