Synthesis, Photophysical, and Antioxidant Properties of Rhodamine B Decorated Novel Dendrimers

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jothinathan Sathiya Savithri ◽  
Perumal Rajakumar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Surface Groups ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Novel triazole bridged dendrimers with rhodamine B derivative as surface groups have been achieved using click chemistry by both divergent and convergent approaches. Rhodamine B decorated dendrimers 1, 2, and 3 were synthesised up to the second generation with spirolactam grafted at the terminal. The UV and fluorescence intensity increases with the increase in the dendritic generation. The synthesised rhodamine B decorated dendrimers show significant antioxidant behaviour compared with the standards butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) and gallic acid when tested by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay methods, respectively. Rhodamine B decorated higher generation dendrimers exhibit better antioxidant activity than the lower generation dendrimers due to the presence of a greater number of triazole branching units and rhodamine B derivative surface units.

scholarly journals Effect of drying techniques on the retention of antioxidant activities of Saskatoon berries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranabendu Mitra ◽  
Venkatesh Meda ◽  
Rick Green
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

The main objective of this research was to compare the retention of antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content of Saskatoon berries dried by freeze drying, microwave-vacuum drying, thin layer hot air drying and vacuum drying. Antioxidant activity of berry samples was determined by DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging, and the pH differential method was used to determine total anthocyanin content of the berry samples. The results showed that the freeze dried Saskatoon berries exhibited the highest retention of anthocyanin and antioxidant activity among the dried samples, followed by microwave-vacuum dried berries, thin layer hot air dried berries and vacuum dried berries. There were significant differences between the berry samples at P<0.05.  DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging were correlated linearly with an R2 value of 0.99 at P<0.05 showing their effectiveness for the determination of the antioxidant activity of the Saskatoon berries. However, the DPPH radical scavenging assay was more effective than the ABTS radical scavenging assay. The results also showed that antioxidant activity of the berries was highly correlated with the total anthocyanin content of the fruit. The reduction of anthocyanin in dried berry samples was linearly correlated with the reduction of DPPH radical scavenging with an R2 value of 0.97 at P<0.05 and, also, linearly correlated with the reduction of ABTS radical scavenging with an R2 value of 0.88 at P<0.05.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Melastoma malabathricum and Chromolaena odorata by DPPH radical scavenging method

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
N.H. Ismail ◽  
Amira N.H. ◽  
S.N.H.M. Latip ◽  
W.Z.W.M. Zain ◽  
S.N.A. Aani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Melastoma malabathricum and Chromolaena odorata are classified under broad-leaved weeds that are widely spread in the open land area. Melastoma malabathricum is commonly known as ‘‘senduduk’’, and C. odorata is locally known as “Pokok Kapal Terbang”. Both weeds are categorized as potential weeds as they have high nutritive value and are rich in chemical compounds. This study aimed to determine their chemical constituents and possible potential for antioxidant activity as these weeds have been reported to possess antioxidant properties. Screening of the plants was performed using standard methods and revealed the existence of various secondary metabolites such as saponins, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, and flavonoids of both weed extracts. Antioxidant activity was validated by the DPPH radical scavenging assay of M. malabathricum and C. odorata crude ethanol extract. The IC50 values for the percentage radical scavenging effects for the extracts were determined. The IC50 value of M. malabatrichum extract was 81.116 μg/mL, C. odorata was 312.903 μg/mL, Vitamin C was 31.023 μg/mL and BHA was 71.521 μg/mL respectively. The study showed that the antioxidant activity of M. malabatrichum was more potent and better than C. odorata.

scholarly journals Effect of drying techniques on the retention of antioxidant activities of Saskatoon berries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranabendu Mitra ◽  
Venkatesh Meda ◽  
Rick Green
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

The main objective of this research was to compare the retention of antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content of Saskatoon berries dried by freeze drying, microwave-vacuum drying, thin layer hot air drying and vacuum drying. Antioxidant activity of berry samples was determined by DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging, and the pH differential method was used to determine total anthocyanin content of the berry samples. The results showed that the freeze dried Saskatoon berries exhibited the highest retention of anthocyanin and antioxidant activity among the dried samples, followed by microwave-vacuum dried berries, thin layer hot air dried berries and vacuum dried berries. There were significant differences between the berry samples at P<0.05.  DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging were correlated linearly with an R2 value of 0.99 at P<0.05 showing their effectiveness for the determination of the antioxidant activity of the Saskatoon berries. However, the DPPH radical scavenging assay was more effective than the ABTS radical scavenging assay. The results also showed that antioxidant activity of the berries was highly correlated with the total anthocyanin content of the fruit. The reduction of anthocyanin in dried berry samples was linearly correlated with the reduction of DPPH radical scavenging with an R2 value of 0.97 at P<0.05 and, also, linearly correlated with the reduction of ABTS radical scavenging with an R2 value of 0.88 at P<0.05.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Antioxidant Properties of Selected Four Natural Chemical Compounds: Quercetin, Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, Indole-3-Carbinol and Sulforaphane by DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 389-392
Author(s):  
Maha J Hashim ◽  
Jeffrey R Fry
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Blank Solution ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

The main characteristic of antioxidants is the capacity to scavenge free radicals produced during cell metabolism, and thus they prevent oxidative stress, which may reduce the risk of many diseases. In this study, we evaluate the antioxidant properties of selected four compounds Quercetin (Q), Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, (EGCG), Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and Sulforaphane (SF) by DPPH assay. The view is to establish the distinction between direct and indirect antioxidants, which would be the form of the basis for subsequent cellular antioxidant assays in our further studies. For sample assay: 20 μL of antioxidant solutions of Q, EGCG, I3C, and SF was added to 180 of 2,2- Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution. For blank solution, DMSO was used. Leaving the plate for 15 min in a dark place and measure the absorbance at 540 nm. The results demonstrated that Q and EGCG possess direct antioxidant properties, which can be used in further cellular studies. I3C and SFN did not appear to possess any direct antioxidant behaviours during DPPH radical scavenging.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIBACTERIAL, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA LEAVES

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
GAURAV SHARMA ◽  
ANKITA THAKUR ◽  
SOHAN LAL ◽  
ROHIT KUMAR NADDA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Objective: The objective of the present study was the analysis of phytochemicals in various extracts of Azadirachta indica leaves, comparative evaluation of antibacterial activity of the various extracts of A. indica leaves against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity in various extracts of A. indica leaves using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Methods: Various extracts were prepared by crushing the samples. Antibacterial susceptibility test, various phytochemical tests for qualitative analysis, and DPPH radical scavenging assay for antioxidant activity were performed. Results: The result suggested that alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids were present in all the four extracts. Tannins were absent in the ethyl acetate extract, and phenols were only present in the ethyl acetate extract. Sterols and phlobatannins were absent in all the four extracts. Saponins were only present in the aqueous extract, and amino acids were only present in the ethyl acetate extract. The bacterial strains S. aureus and E. coli were used against the different extracts of A. indica leaves, i.e., methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous. Conclusion: The results suggested that bioactive compounds found in leaves of A. indica contribute to its pharmacological activities.

scholarly journals Chemical Investigation of SomeCapparisSpecies Growing in Egypt and their Antioxidant Activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Hamed ◽  
Khaled A. Abdel-Shafeek ◽  
Nahla S. Abdel-Azim ◽  
Shams I. Ismail ◽  
Faiza M. Hammouda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Investigation ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Densitometric Analysis ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Capparis cartilagineaandC. desertigrowing in Egypt were investigated for their glucosiolates and rutin content. FromCapparis cartilagineafour isothiocynates were isolated and identified using GC and EI/MS techniques. These compounds were butyl isothiocyanate (1), 6-methylsulphonylhexyl isothiocyanate (2), 7-methylsulphonylheptyl isothiocyanate (3) and 5-benzylsulphonyl-4-pentenyl isothiocyanate (4). In addition to compounds (1) and (2), two other compounds were isolated and identified fromCapparis deserti. These compounds are 3-methylthiopropyl isothiocyanate (5) and [11-(2-butenylthio)6-undecenyl isothiocyanate] (6). Compounds (1), (2), (5) and (6) are reported in this study for the first time fromCapparis deserti. The main flavonoid component in the studied species was isolated and identified as rutin by comparing the data with those reported. Also, quantitative evaluation of rutin in the two species was carried out by TLC-densitometric analysis. The antioxidant activity was done using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The butanol fraction fromC. cartilagineaandC. desertishowed the highest antioxidant properties.

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis, antioxidant properties, and inhibition of cholinergic enzymes (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) of phenolic extracts from Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O’Rorke) Baill bark

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo ◽  
Adebola Busola Ojo ◽  
Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye ◽  
Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye ◽  
Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

AbstractBackground:Irvingia gabonensisstem bark is a medicinal plant used in most parts of Africa to manage a number of ailments including neurodegenerative diseases that occur without scientific basis. This work characterized the phenolic composition, evaluated the cholinergic enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, AChE and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE) inhibition, and assessed the antioxidant activity of phenolic extracts fromI. gabonensis(Aubry-Lecomte ex O‘Rorke) Baill bark.Methods:Total phenol and flavonoids content was evaluated in addition to antioxidant activity as shown by Fe2+chelation, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging ability. Inhibitory activities on AChE and BChE were evaluated.Results:The extract was found to be rich in phenolic acid (ellagic acid) and flavonoids (quercetrin, kaempferol, and apigenin). The phenolic extracts displayed DPPH radical scavenging ability (IC50=19.98 μg/mL), ABTS radical scavenging ability (IC50=18.25 μg/mL), iron chelation (IC50=113.10 μg/mL), and reducing power (Fe3+to Fe2+) (5.94 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g). Extracts ofI. gabonensisinhibited AChE (IC50=32.90 μg/mL) and BChE (IC50=41.50 μg/mL) activities in concentration-dependent manner.Conclusions:Hence, possible mechanism through which the stem bark executes their anti-Alzheimer’s disease activity might be by inhibiting cholinesterase activities in addition to suppressing oxidative-stress-induced neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Cordia Dichotoma Forst

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2093-2099
Author(s):  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Bibhuti Bhushan Kakoti ◽  
Mithun Rudrapal ◽  
Zubaidur Rahman ◽  
Mokinur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Cordia dichotoma Forst.has been used in the management of pain and inflammations in traditional medicine. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of C. dichotoma(MECD) bark has not been reported so far. This work was, therefore, aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory activity of C. dichotomabark extract. The antioxidant activity was evaluated to justify the anti-inflammatory action of MECD on the basis of its radical scavenging property. The extract of C. dichotomawas obtained by Soxhlation of bark powder using methanol as solvent. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the carrageenan induced paw edemamodel in ratsat two different dose levels, viz., 250 and 500 mg/kg. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay. The antioxidant activity was performed in vitro by DPPH radical scavenging assay using ascorbic acid as the standard drug. In anti-inflammatory activity, maximum inhibition of edema was observed after 4 hours of experimental period. At lower test dose (250 mg/kg b.w.), the percentage inhibition of paw edema was 29.7 %, while 48.6 % inhibition of edema was observed at higher dose (500 mg/kgb.w.). The percentage inhibition of paw edema was significant relative to the control group. The standard indomethacin group also exhibited sufficiently high level of anti-inflammatory effect with 56% inhibition of paw edema at 5 mg/kg dose. In in vitroantioxidant activity, the MECD exhibited good DPPHradical scavenging activity with the IC50 vale of 62.46 µg/ml, whereas the standard drug, ascorbic acid showed comparatively more antioxidant activity with IC50 of 27.66 µg/ml.However, our study scientifically validates the folkloric claim as well as traditional uses of C. dichotomaas anti-inflammatory medication. It is suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity of C. dichotomamay be due to the antioxidant potential of phenolic phytoconstituents or plant flavonoids present in the methanolic bark extract.

scholarly journals (464) Antioxidant Activity in Lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.)

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090C-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiow Wang ◽  
Ross Penhallegon
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Lingonberries have been shown to contain high antioxidant activity. Fruit from different cultivars of lingonberry (Vacciniumvitis-idaea L) were evaluated for fruit quality, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin and phenolic contents. The fruit soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acids (TA), antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin and phenolic contents varied with cultivars. The SSC ranged from 12.9% to 16.9%, the TA ranged from 0.31% to 0.41% and the ratios of SSC/TA ranged from 35.37 to 51.21. Lingonberries contain potent free radical scavenging activities for DPPH·, ROO·, ·OH and O .-2 radicals. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values from acetone extraction of lingonberries ranged from 58.5–223.6 μmol of Trolox equivalents (TE)/g fresh berries. The ED50 values for DPPH-radical scavenging ranged from 5.91–11.77 mg fresh weight. The DPPH-radical scavenging activity correlated with ORAC values with a R2 of 0.8009. ESR spectrum showed that 50 mg·mL-1 of lingonberry extract decreased ·OH radicals by 83% and O .-2 radicals by 99%. Cyanidin 3-galactoside was the most dominant anthocyanin and contributed the most antioxidant activity in lingonberries. The antioxidant properties of lingonberries may play an important role in protecting cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals.

scholarly journals Amplexicine, an Antioxidant Flavan-3-ol from Polygonum amplexicaule

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601
Author(s):  
Mudasir A. Tantry ◽  
Aziz A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Bioassay guided fractionation of an ethanolic extract of Polygonum amplexicaule D. Don led to the isolation of amplexicine, a new flavan-3-ol (1), along with khellactone (2). The structure of the isolates was established by UV, IR, HRESI/MS and NMR, including 1D and 2D experiments. Compound 1 exhibited considerable antioxidant activity in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay.

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