Role of magnesium in food production: an overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Dechen ◽  
Q. A. C. Carmello ◽  
F. A. Monteiro ◽  
R. C. Nogueirol
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Fertiliser Use

The Second International Symposium on Magnesium was held in São Paulo, Brazil, in November 2014. An overview of the role of magnesium in food production was the theme of the opening session of that meeting. This paper considers agricultural production systems, mainly in terms of sustainability, fertiliser-use efficiency and food security, with emphasis on soils of tropical regions. Magnesium in soils and plants, as well as in relation to other nutrients and to other agricultural production factors, is especially covered. Finally, the role of magnesium is considered in terms of plant and animal health, nutrient management and the need of future research.

scholarly journals A review of the resistome within the digestive tract of livestock

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ma ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Le Luo Guan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Production Animals

AbstractAntimicrobials have been widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases and promote growth in food-production animals. However, the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to public and animal health, especially in less developed countries where food-producing animals often intermingle with humans. To limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance from food-production animals to humans and the environment, it is essential to have a comprehensive knowledge of the role of the resistome in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), The resistome refers to the collection of all antimicrobial resistance genes associated with microbiota in a given environment. The dense microbiota in the digestive tract is known to harbour one of the most diverse resistomes in nature. Studies of the resistome in the digestive tract of humans and animals are increasing exponentially as a result of advancements in next-generation sequencing and the expansion of bioinformatic resources/tools to identify and describe the resistome. In this review, we outline the various tools/bioinformatic pipelines currently available to characterize and understand the nature of the intestinal resistome of swine, poultry, and ruminants. We then propose future research directions including analysis of resistome using long-read sequencing, investigation in the role of mobile genetic elements in the expression, function and transmission of AMR. This review outlines the current knowledge and approaches to studying the resistome in food-producing animals and sheds light on future strategies to reduce antimicrobial usage and control the spread of AMR both within and from livestock production systems.

scholarly journals Contract farming in Brazil – an approach to Law and Economics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassia Watanabe ◽  
Nunziata Stefania Paiva ◽  
Ana Elisa Bressan Smith Lourenzani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Means Of Production

Abstract Contract farming is based on agreements settled prior to the farmer deciding about agricultural production, and influence their judgment regarding inputs and production systems. Therefore, they provide means of production coordination and safety for both farmer and agro-industry/distributor. However, contract farming has its gaps since it is written in abscence of complete information, due to the behavioral assumption of bounded rationality of economic agents. A specific law might generate legal certainty for economic agents, insofar as the Judiciary fulfills the contractual gaps. From the other side, private agents may also fulfill the contractual gaps. As an effort to understand the role of institutions in contract farming, this study aims to analyze the Bill 6,459/2013, which intends to rule contract farming and takes private instituctions into account, through the agency of the Monitoring, Development and Reconciliation of Integration Committee (Cadec). This is an applied research with qualitative approach. The research concludes that the approval of bill might lead to effective typical law for contract farming, provided that the creation of Cadec is encouraged.

scholarly journals Role of Cooperative Societies in Boosting Agricultural Production & Entrepreneurship in the Kebbi State of Nigeria.

2017 ◽  
pp. 234-351
Author(s):  
Kamelshewer Lohana Et al.,
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Survey Results

The study Assess the Role & contributions of cooperative societies in boosting agricultural production & Entrepreneurship in the Kebbi State of Nigeria. A total of 120 sample size was used for the study. Cluster sampling technique was used to obtaining information from sample respondents (members of farmers’ cooperative societies). Sixty (60) questionnaires were administered to sixty respondents, each in both Zuru and Yauri Local Government Areas. Data collected was analysed and interpreted using simple percentage and descriptive methods. The major conclusions drawn from this research were: survey results, regarding effectiveness of cooperative societies in improving agricultural production & Entrepreneurship, have shown that 33.3% and 25% of the respondents in Zuru and Yauri Local Government Areas reported promoting farmers’ participation in agriculture, while 25% and 46% agreed to boost agricultural production in the study areas. About 36.6% and 35% believed in the effectiveness of cooperative societies in increasing food production. Sample respondents in the two Local Government Areas 5% and 3.3% reported all of the above indicators increase the effectiveness of cooperatives to agriculture. Survey results regarding the role of cooperatives in boosting Entrepreneurship in the study areas shows that 75% Zuru 88.3% Yauri agreed that cooperatives have added value to boosting Agric production & Entrepreneurship and only 15% and 11.6% did not agree with the above opinion. Many problems were identified that affects the smooth functioning of cooperatives and solutions for addressing the problems were recommended. Therefore it was concluded that Null Hypothesis HO is rejected and Alternate Hypothesis HA is accepted.

China’s Agricultural Development in Response to Climate Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3609-3612
Author(s):  
Wen Bao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Change Climate ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies

Agricultural development, especially agricultural production in mountain areas, is fundamentally linked to climatic conditions, so any changes in climate will necessarily affect agricultural development. China’s agriculture faces several development challenges including those linked to climate change. Climate change is threatening food production systems and therefore the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people who depend on agriculture in China. Agriculture is the sector most vulnerable to climate change due to its high dependence on climate and weather and because people involved in agriculture tend to be poorer compared with urban residents. Consistent warming trends and more frequent and intense meteorological disasters have been observed across China in recent decades. In line with climate change across the whole country, it will require agricultural development to implement comprehensive mitigation and adaptation strategies.

scholarly journals Cadenas agroalimentarias orgánicas en el sur de chile: tensiones que condicionan su puesta en valorOrganic agrifood chain in southern Chile: Tensions conditioning its potential value

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (47) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Ríos Núñez ◽  
Leonor Núñez Yañez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Production Models

ResumenEl modelo industrial de producción de alimentos ha incentivado la emergencia de cadenas agrarias alternativas. Estas suponen modelos de producción fuertemente vinculados al territorio y tienen la finalidad de transitar desde la producción industrial a la captura de valor por medio de sistemas de producción que garanticen la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria. Esta investigación analiza el funcionamiento de la agricultura orgánica en Chile, en tanto producción agraria no convencional, con la finalidad de perfilar su desarrollo como una estrategia de captura de valor y producción de alimentos saludables especialmente para pequeños productores agrarios. Se busca visibilizar modelos de producción que reconectan el flujo de producción-circulación-consumo a través de un mecanismo de gobernanza que posibilite la captura de valor en el territorio.AbstractThe current judgement of the agro-food industrial production has encouraged the emergence of alternative agro-food chains. These involves production models strongly linked to the territory, and that aim to transition from industrial production to capture value through production systems that ensure food security and sovereignty. This research analyzes the performance of organic agriculture in Chile, while unconventional agricultural production, in order to shape its development as a strategy to capture value and healthy food production especially for small farmers in order to visualize models production reconnect the production circulation-consumption through a governance mechanism that enables the capture of value in the territory.

Contested Realities: The Intersection Between Water Management for Hydroelectricity and Food Production in Tabasco, Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Gisela Lanzas
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central American ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Green Development ◽  
High Level

Water development projects to manage the country's water reserves for flood control, agriculture and energy production have always been part of the Mexican federal government's politics. In southeastern Mexico these projects have been proposed to promote ‘modernization’ in a region characterized by a high level of social marginalization. A prime example of these projects is the Plan Chontalpa (referred to from here on as the Plan), a large-scale, state-led development initiative proposed by the federal government to manage the Grijalva River basin and promote industrial agricultural production and social development in Tabasco (Figure 1). Plan Chontalpa was meant to be a model for development in humid tropical regions. However, it fell short of its original goals of promoting hydroelectricity generation and agricultural production. Plan Chontalpa has been changing through the years and most recently is promoting a "green" development following the guidelines of the Puebla-Panama Plan, a regional development initiative impacting all Mexican states located south of Puebla and all the Central American countries up to Panama.

scholarly journals Strategic land-use planning instruments in tropical regions: state of the art and future research.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira ◽  
Patrick Meyfroidt
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Land Systems ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Research Domains

Abstract Human-induced activities are threatening the socio-economic and ecological sustainability of land systems globally, including in tropical regions. Authorities in these regions prepare and implement land-use plans to select and organize land uses in a way that will meet the needs of local communities while safeguarding ecosystems services. To this end, land-use planning is used to assess, manage and monitor the physical, social and economic conditions of territories and thus assist agribusiness, smallholder farmers and other land users in their land-based activities. There is, however, a lack of systematic studies identifying strategic oriented land-use planning instruments and further detailing the extent of their effectiveness in supporting land governance. Here, we contribute to address this gap by reviewing academic and grey literature with a geographic scope on tropical regions. We conclude by sketching future research domains intended to expand the role of strategic planning approaches in land governance in the tropics.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance genes in the aquaculture sector: global reports and research gaps.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin O.G. Kemp ◽  
Jessica J. Taylor ◽  
Lisa A. Kelly ◽  
Renée Larocque ◽  
Armando Heriazon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Aquaculture has been one of the fastest-growing food production systems over the last decade and increased intensification of production has created conditions that favour disease outbreaks. Antibiotics are commonly applied in the animal food sector to fight against antibacterial infections, however their inappropriate use contributes to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Investment in research and capacity-strengthening, in parallel to enforcing existing regulations around antimicrobial use, are potentially powerful tools in tackling the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emanating from animal producing systems such as aquaculture. However, directing investment effectively is challenging due to the limited data available that hinders the identification of risk areas for current and future AMR emergence. Here, we aim to partially fulfill this gap by analyzing the current peer-reviewed literature reporting AMR genes in aquaculture food production systems and combining the data in a systematic map. Systematic searches of three bibliographic databases, a search engine, and 120 reviews returned 10 699 articles which were screened at title and abstract and then by full text (n = 1100). 218 articles, spanning 39 countries and 6 continents, met all inclusion criteria and were coded to retrieve bibliographic, methodology and study outcome data. AMR gene detections were associated with 44 families of fish and crustaceans and 75 genera of bacteria, with most studies employing primer-based methods to detect ARGs. A narrative synthesis explores implications for future research and policy as well as limitations of the systematic mapping methodology.

scholarly journals Competency of Rhizobial Inoculation in Sustainable Agricultural Production and Biocontrol of Plant Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erana Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculants

The rate of growth of the global population poses a risk to food security, demanding an increase in food production. Much of the world's cultivable soils also do not have ideal farming conditions such as soil health and fertility problem and increased pest attacks, which are challenges of food production. In this perspective, there is a need to increase agricultural production using a more economically and environmentally sustainable approach. As practices of agricultural production and improvement, rhizobial inoculants represent a practically effective, ecologically safe, and economically alternative means of realizing maximum agricultural production. This review addressed how rhizobial inoculation advances agricultural production through improving plant growth, nutrient availability and uptake, and yields by enhancing bio-fixation of atmospheric nitrogen and solubilization of soil nutrients. Besides, rhizobial inoculants offer biocontrol of plant diseases by providing resistance against disease-causing pathogens or suppression of diseases. Mechanisms involved in biocontrol of plant diseases include competition for infection sites and nutrients, activation of induced systemic resistance, and production of substances such as growth hormones, antibiotics, enzymes, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, and exo-polysaccharides. Consequently, this approach is promising as sustainable agricultural practices have yet to supplement or replace chemical fertilizers, serving as a basis for future research on sustainable agricultural production. Despite the multifunctional benefits of rhizobial inoculation, there is a variation in the implementation of this practice by farmers. Therefore, researchers should work on eradicating farmers' constraints in using rhizobia, and future studies should be concentrated toward the methods of improving inoculant quality and promotion of the technology.

scholarly journals Production Logistics Visibility – Perspectives, Principles and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Kalaiarasan ◽  
Jan Olhager ◽  
Magnus Wiktorsson ◽  
Yongkuk Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Production Logistics ◽  
Network Status

Globalisation, competitive markets and increasing sustainability requirements are demanding companies to focus on visibility to improve their supply chains and ultimately their businesses. This paper aims to identify perspectives, principles and prospects of production logistics visibility (PLV). The study is based on a literature review of articles presenting definitions, development trends and the future role of PLV. It is concluded that visibility is generally defined by availability, quality, accessibility and usefulness of information. PLV could refer to the extent to which actors within the production systems have access to timely and accurate information considered useful to their operations. According to the findings, antecedents of PLV include digitalisation, IoT and connectivity. These steps are required to turn data into meaningful information that can be used for decision making in production and logistics setting to improve operational and business performance. Furthermore, to fully benefit from PLV, there has to be an integration of external and internal perspectives. Concluding, the paper defines future research efforts including four lines of exploration and development: (1) Intra-site visibility for material management including dynamic synchronisation, takt and resource planning. (2) Supply-oriented visibility for dynamic status and prediction of supply network status. These two initial lines of enquiry should include the perspectives of stakeholders, parameter, enabling technologies and potential impact. (3) A synthesised framework for Production Logistics Visibility, relying on utilizing antecedents and enabling multi-criteria decision in production logistics based on visibility, where performance in terms of efficiency, sustainability and flexibility is ensured. (4) To specifically detail and exploit the potential in production logistics visibility in the aspect of environmental sustainability and closed material and product loops.

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