Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 2. Relation of pasture phosphorus to phosphorus content of blood, hair and bone grazing steers

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Do So

The phosphorus content was measured every three months in pasture and in blood, hair and bone of beef steers that had grazed pastures of low phosphorus content for 12 months. This was done to determine the effect that changes in pasture phosphorus levels had on the phosphorus content of animal tissue. The correlation coefficients between pasture phosphorus content and either the phosphorus content of hair or the concentration of inorganic phosphorus in plasma were not significant. The relationship between the phosphorus content of pasture (x) and dry fat-free rib-bone (y) was given by the equation y = 9.5 + 33.3x (r = 0.97; P < 0.05). It was concluded that bone phosphorus content could provide the best estimate of the phosphorus status of grazing cattle because it significantly reflected variation in the phosphorus content of pasture whereas blood and hair failed to do so.

Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (65) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Status ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effect of phosphorus supplements of 35 and 70 g per head per week on the calcium and phosphorus contents of bone and hair and on plasma inorganic phosphorus levels of steers was compared with those of unsupplemented steers which grazed carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture of low phosphorus content at Grafton, New South Wales. The supplements had no effect on plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration. Hair phosphorus content was not affected by either dietary phosphorus or season. Hair calcium was not influenced by pasture calcium but was related to season, with highest levels in summer and lowest in winter. Supplementation increased the amount of phosphorus in dry fat-free rib-bone (P < 0.05) but this effect was not apparent in the first three months of supplementation. The amount of calcium in bone (Y) was influenced by pasture calcium content (X1) and bone phosphorus content (X2). This relationship was described by the equation: Y = 51.0 + 140.81X1 - 3.33X2(R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) It is suggested that bone phosphorus levels below 14.3, 13.5, and 12.7 per cent of dry fat-free bone may represent a phosphorus deficiency state in 15-27-month-old steers when pasture calcium levels are 0.18, 0.15, and 0.12 per cent respectively. Further, when estimates of the calcium status of beef steers are made from measurements of bone calcium content, corrections should be applied for bone phosphorus content. It is concluded that measurement of bone phosphorus and calcium provides the most sensitive indication of the phosphorus and calcium status of beef cattle and that when phosphorus supplementation has no effect on liveweight of beef steers its effect on mineralization of bone tissue may justify its use, particularly in areas where poor bone development and lameness occur.

Correction - Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (65) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Status ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effect of phosphorus supplements of 35 and 70 g per head per week on the calcium and phosphorus contents of bone and hair and on plasma inorganic phosphorus levels of steers was compared with those of unsupplemented steers which grazed carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture of low phosphorus content at Grafton, New South Wales. The supplements had no effect on plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration. Hair phosphorus content was not affected by either dietary phosphorus or season. Hair calcium was not influenced by pasture calcium but was related to season, with highest levels in summer and lowest in winter. Supplementation increased the amount of phosphorus in dry fat-free rib-bone (P < 0.05) but this effect was not apparent in the first three months of supplementation. The amount of calcium in bone (Y) was influenced by pasture calcium content (X1) and bone phosphorus content (X2). This relationship was described by the equation: Y = 51.0 + 140.81X2 - 3.33X2(R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) It is suggested that bone phosphorus levels below 14.3, 13.5, and 12.7 per cent of dry fat-free bone may represent a phosphorus deficiency state in 15-27-month-old steers when pasture calcium levels are 0.18, 0.15, and 0.12 per cent respectively. Further, when estimates of the calcium status of beef steers are made from measurements of bone calcium content, corrections should be applied for bone phosphorus content. It is concluded that measurement of bone phosphorus and calcium provides the most sensitive indication of the phosphorus and calcium status of beef cattle and that when phosphorus supplementation has no effect on liveweight of beef steers its effect on mineralization of bone tissue may justify its use, particularly in areas where poor bone development and lameness occur.

Studies of the skeleton of the sheep. III. The relationship between phosphorous intake and resorption and repair of the skeleton in pregnancy and lactation

1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Benzie ◽  
A. W. Boyne ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno ◽  
J. Duckworth ◽  
R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phosphorus Intake ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. The ash content of the skeleton of Cheviot ewes fed a daily ration containing about 4·5 g. of phosphorus fell by 18·8% between mid-gestation and mid-lactation, and 2 months after the end of lactation the loss was fully replaced.2. In ewes fed a daily ration containing about 1·5 g. of phosphorus the loss of skeletal ash was 39·9% at mid-lactation, and this was not replaced 2 months after the end of lactation. When the phosphorus intake was raised in mid-lactation from 1·5 to 4·5 g. repair was greater but was still not complete.3. Resorption was greater in bones rich in cancellous tissue, such as the cervical vertebrae, than in those rich in compact tissue, such as the shafts of long bones, but when severe resorption took place significant losses were found in the shafts of long bones as well as in other bones.4. Whole blood inorganic phosphorus values were very low, particularly during lactation, in ewes fed on the low-phosphorus ration. When extra phosphorus was fed from mid-lactation onwards blood phosphorus values rose to normal in less than four weeks, a much more rapid recovery than that which took place in the skeleton.5. Resorption of the skeletons of ewes on both moderate and low-phosphorus rations could be detected using radiographs taken of the radius in the living animal at mid-lactation, and severe resorption found in ewes fed on the low-phosphorus ration could be distinguished readily from the milder resorption found in ewes fed on the moderate-phosphorus ration.

The concentrations of urea, phosphorus, sodium, and other constituents in the blood of steers intensively finished on high-grain rations

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
RJW Gartner ◽  
JG Morris ◽  
Patricia M Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Plasma Chloride ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The concentrations of urea, inorganic phosphorus, haemoglobin, plasma chloride, sodium, and potassium and the packed cell volume were determined on samples of blood from 70 Hereford steers that had been intensively finished on high-grain rations based on either wheat, barley, or sorghum grain. Oaten chaff was used as the roughage and half the steers had free access to sodium chloride. The inorganic phosphorus levels of 6.5 to 7.1 mg/100 m1 of blood were higher than those recorded in grazing cattle and were significantly different for the grain types. Blood urea levels were affected by roughage level, grain types, and access to sodium chloride. Plasma sodium but not chloride was affected by the type of grain and by sodium chloride.

A study of serum mineral changes in lactating Welsh mountain ewes under different grazing conditions with special reference to hypomagnesaemia

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. L'Estrange ◽  
R. F. E. Axford
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Mineral Changes

Short-term grazing trials with daily blood sampling were carried out on Welsh mountain ewes in early lactation.1. A small decrease in serum magnesium levels and a very marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus levels, were observed in two groups of four ewes, when one group was transferred from an old pasture to a fertilized (high nitrogen and potash) fresh spring ley, and the others to a similar fresh ley but untreated. There was little effect from the fertilizer treatment on the magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium or phosphorus content of the herbage.

A comparison of growth rates and phosphorus distribution in a range of pasture species

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
EF Biddiscombe ◽  
PG Ozanne ◽  
NJ Barrow ◽  
J Keay
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Relative growth rates (RGR) of nine annual pasture species and lucerne were compared in two experiments. During the first 4 weeks of growth the RGR of the clovers tended to be slower than that of the herbs and grasses, especially at low levels of applied phosphate. This situation was reversed towards maturity. Slow RGR of the tops of the clovers at low phosphorus levels was associated with the development of large root systems relative to tops; but at least in subterranean clover, the RGR of the roots was also slow. Other associated characteristics of the clovers, a month from emergence and at low phosphorus levels, were low phosphorus concentrations in the tops relative to non-legumes, and a low proportion of their total phosphorus in the tops. The phosphorus content per unit weight of clover roots was low under these conditions. Differences between species in early growth rate were maintained on different sods, even though the soil solution contained widely different concentrations of phosphate. Establishment of species In the field, particularly during the seedling stage, is discussed in relation to growth rates at low and optimal levels of phosphorus.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF SERUM PHOSPHATASES TO SEX HORMONES

1949 ◽  
Vol 27e (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Donald B. Baker ◽  
Max M. Cantor
Keyword(s):  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Hormone Injection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Castration produces a fall in serum inorganic phosphorus values in adult male rats but not in adult female rats. The alterations of phosphorus levels that occur following castration in male rats and after the injection of some hormones into normal and castrated rats of both sexes may be accounted for by corresponding alterations in metabolic requirements. Neither castration nor hormone injection produces any significant change in serum acid phosphatase activity in male or in female rats. A fall of about 30% to levels approaching values for normal female rats is found in serum alkaline phosphatase of castrated male rats in about eight weeks. There is no change in the enzyme values in castrated females. In those instances where injections of a sex hormone into castrated or normal rats produce alterations in alkaline serum phosphatase values such changes may be accounted for on the basis of altered food intake. The sole exception to this finding is the very marked decrease in the activity of the enzyme produced by progesterone after oestrogen in normal male rats.

Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 4. The use of faecal and blood phosphorus for the estimation of phosphorus intake

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (71) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Excretion ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phosphorus Intake

In two experiments measurements were made of the phosphorus content of faeces and blood of penned Angus steers which received diets containing different amounts of phosphorus. In experiment 1, mature carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) hay was supplemented with different amounts of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate and in experiment 2, different mixtures of carpet grass hay and lucerne hay were given. Phosphorus intake (X) was related to total daily faecal phosphorus excretion (YT) by the equation: YT= 2.442 + 0.289 � 0.234 (r2 = 0.96; P < 0.001) It is therefore possible to estimate phosphorus intake (X) from total daily faecal phosphorus excretion from the equation : X = 3.460 YT- 8.450 Because the constant 8.450 will vary with the size of the cattle, both variables should be expressed in units of metabolic body weight SO that the prediction equation then is : Xc = 3.401 Yc - 0.1 73 When the regression equation calculated for cattle from these experiments was compared with that calculated for sheep the differences in the slopes of the two regressions suggested that sheep may be more efficient than cattle in retaining phosphorus when intakes of this nutrient are low. Regressions relating phosphorus intake to phosphorus content of faecal dry matter and organic matter differed for the two experiments (P < 0.05) but residual variability was significantly reduced when dry matter digestibility was included as a second independent variable. Plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration was significantly related to phosphorus intake (P < 0.05) but the relationship varied (P < 0.05) depending on the time of day at which samples were collected.

The release of phosphorus from plant material added to soil

Soil Research ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Blair ◽  
OW Boland
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
High Phosphorus ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
White Clover Plant

An experiment was conducted to study the release of 32P from white clover plant residues in the presence and absence of growing oats plants in both low and high phosphorus status soils. Net reutilization of phosphorus from the added plant material after 48 days was highest in the high phosphorus system in the presence of plants (29.3 %) and least in the low phosphorus system in the absence of plants (0.6%). Watering to field capacity daily, every 3 days, or every 6 days, had no significant effect on reutilization rates. Evidence from the soil inorganic phosphorus data suggests that the addition of plant material resulted in a significant immobilization of soil phosphorus only in the low phosphorus soil in the absence of plants. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the large number of incubation studies conducted to study phosphorus turnover rates in soil.

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