Chemical control of wild oats in wheat with di-allate and barban

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
TG Reeves ◽  
IS Smith ◽  
CL Tuohey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Northern District

Results are presented from experiments in which di-allate and barban were used for wild oat control in wheat at 21 sites in the Wimmera and Northern Districts of Victoria. Both chemicals significantly reduced the wild oat densities at most sites but where direct comparisons were made di-allate was more effective than barban. Wheat yield response to applied herbicide was obtained in 17 of the 21 experiments. However, the yield response to barban application showed greater variation than the yield response to di-allate application. Barban was more effective, at all tested rates, n the Wimmera than it was-in the Northern District.

Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Competition with Spring Wheat: Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry L. Carlson ◽  
James E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Total Plant

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization on competition between wild oat (Avena fatuaL. # AVEFA) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum‘Anza’). Nitrogen fertilizer treatments were applied over several wild oat-wheat density combinations. Wheat grain yield in wild oat-infested plots generally declined with fertilization while the density of wild oat panicles increased. Apparently, in competition with wheat, wild oat was better able to utilize the added nitrogen and thus gained a competitive advantage over the wheat. The increased competitiveness of wild oat resulted in reduced crop yields. Under the conditions of these experiments, nitrogen fertilization resulted in positive wheat yield response only when the wild oat plant density was below 1.6 percent of the total plant density.

Selectivity and Site of Action in Relation to Field Performance of Diclofop

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

In the greenhouse, the methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-diclorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} as a postemergence application at 1.1 kg/ha ai did not affect the growth of the seven dicotyledonous crops with the exception of slight injury to yellow [white] mustard(Brassica hirtaMoench). Of the 13 gramineous species, corn(Zea maysL.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.], oats(Avena sativaL.) wild oats(Avena fatuaL.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], and timothy(Phleum pratenseL.) were rated highly susceptible, while barley(Hordeum vulgareL.), bromegrass [smooth brome](Bromus inermisLeyss.), durum wheat(Triticum durumDesf.), intermediate wheatgrass [Agropyron intermedium(Host) Beauv.], Russian wild ryegrass(Elymus junceusFisch.), triticale(X TriticosecaleWittmack), and wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) were relatively tolerant. Residue of diclofop in the soil partially controlled green foxtail which was seeded 3 weeks after herbicide application. Whether applied to wild oat shoots or roots, diclofop affected the entire plant, but growth reduction was great when applied to the shoots. Field results confirmed that foliar application gave the best weed control resulting in larger wheat yield increases. Wild oat control was greatly enhanced when an adjuvant was added to diclofop. This enhanced herbicidal activity appeared to have no effect on tolerance of barley at 0.8 kg/ha nor wheat at 1.1 kg/ha. Increasing the temperature from 12 to 28 C decreased wild oat control from diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha. In the field, diclofop at rates ranging from 0.8 to 2.2 kg/ha gave good control of wild oats and green foxtail resulting in significantly increased wheat yield compared to the checks. However, barley yield increases were obtained only at the rates from 0.8 to 1.1 kg/ha, indicating that at the higher rates barley was less tolerant than wheat. The 0.6 kg/ha rate with an adjuvant gave adequate weed control and significant barley yield increases over the checks, when evaluated on five barley cultivars.

Frequency of post-emergence harrowing effects wild oat control and spring wheat yield

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Alternative Weed Control ◽  
The One

Crops grown by organic producers or others choosing not to use herbicides require alternative weed control methods. In a 3-yr study at Scott, Saskatchewan, several harrowing frequencies were applied to emerged wild oats infesting spring wheat. Two passes with diamond tooth harrows at the one- to two-leaf stage of wild oats reduced panicle density and fresh weight in 2 of 3 yr. Multiple harrowings reduced wheat culms, fresh weight, and yield in 2 of the 3 yr. In 1992, four harrowings reduced wheat culms and yield, but had no effect on wild oat. In 1993, two harrowings reduced wild oat panicles and fresh weight, but had no effect on wheat culms and fresh weight, suggesting that moisture conditions at and immediately following harrowing have a differential effect on the ability of the two species to recover. Key words:Avena fatua L., Triticum aestivum L., cultural control, organic production

scholarly journals CROP COMPETITION AIDS EFFICACY OF WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. SHARMA ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Crop Competition

Field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period to evaluate the need for competition by crop plants along with the application of postemergence herbicides for wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control in barley and wheat. Barban, difenzoquat, and barban plus difenzoquat were used in barley and barban, benzoylprop ethyl, diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, and barban plus benzoylprop ethyl were used in wheat, at the two-leaf stage and the four-leaf stage of wild oats seeded alone or in a crop. Barban and diclofop methyl were effective for wild oat control at both the two-leaf and four-leaf stage of wild oats. Benzoylprop ethyl, difenzoquat and flamprop methyl alone or in combination with barban were more effective at the four-leaf than at the two-leaf stage of wild oats. Herbicide treatments increased barley yield up to 84% and wheat yield up to 177%. In the absence of herbicide treatments, crop competition from barley or wheat reduced the wild oat dry weight by about 50%. Competition by crop plants was essential for effective wild oat control with all foliage-applied wild oat herbicides included in this study.Key words: Competition, crop, wild oat, herbicides, wheat, barley

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WILD OAT (AVENA FATUA L.)DENSITY ON WHEAT (TRITICUM EASTIVUM L.). YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Abebe Woldesenbet ◽  
Abreham Wolde ◽  
Ayele Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

The experiment was conducted under field condition at Jimma University, College of Agricultures and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM) to determine the effect of various wild oats (Avevafatua L.) densities on yield and yield components of Wheat (Triticumeastivum L.). The experiment design used was the randomized complete block design and each of the experimental treatment was replicated three times. A Wheat cultivar, Digalu was grown with (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80) Wild Oat densities as a treatment. Data were recorded on wheat plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The result revealed that various Wild Oats densities statistically (p≤0.05) affected plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The maximum values of all the parameters were recorded in the (0) Wild Oat density as well as from Wild Oats density (20). Whereas, the minimum values of these parameters were recorded where (80) wild oats densities were present. From the study it could be concluded that Wheat yield and yield components were greatly affected by Wild Oat densities. Judicious control measures for wild oats are recommended to be adopted that can control Wild Oats in Wheat crop to reduce the crop losses due to this noxious weed.

CONTROL OF WILD OATS IN WHEAT WITH BARBAN, DICLOFOP METHYL, FLAMPROP METHYL AND DIFENZOQUAT

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. KIRKLAND ◽  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats

The efficacy of diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, difenzoquat, and barban on wild oats (Avena fatua L.) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was tested in the field at Scott and Lacombe from 1978 to 1982. The four herbicides were applied at recommended rates and growth stages. Diclofop methyl consistently caused the greatest reduction in wild oat culms and plant weights and resulted in the largest wheat yield increases. Diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl and difenzoquat consistently produced yield increases over the untreated control.Key words: Wild oats, wheat, barban, diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, difenzoquat

Wild oat density and the duration of wild oat competition as it influences wheat growth and yield

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats

The effects of removing wild oats (Avena spp.) from wheat (cv. Gamut) at different stages of wheat growth were investigated in three replicated factorial field experiments at the Tamworth Agricultural Research Centre. In addition, two wild oat densities were compared in the first experiment, and handpulling wild oats was compared with cutting and a shielded paraquat spray in the second experiment. Wheat yield was linearly reduced by up to 1.025 g m-2 day-1 for the duration of wild oat competition. Reductions in tiller number and dry matter yield measured at maturity and the number of tillers per plant recorded at the 5-6 leaf stage were also proportional to the time wild oats were allowed to compete with the wheat. This competitive effect of wild oats increased with increasing weed density. Handpulling and cutting wild oats gave similar measured competitive effects whereas the paraquat spray applied at the 2-3 leaf stage of wheat reduced wheat density.

Barban Selectivity for Wild Oat in Wheat

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Neidermyer ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wild Oats

The response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) to barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl-m-chlorocarbanilate) was studied as influenced by plant morphology and air temperature after application. Growth of wheat and wild oat seedlings was reduced by barban at 0.3 μg and 0.6 μg applied to the first node, respectively. Barban application to the base and midpoint of the first leaf blade required a lower dose to reduce wild oat growth than wheat growth. Increased tillering occurred from barban injury to the main culm in wheat. Wheat and wild oat susceptibility to barban increased as the post-treatment temperature decreased from 32 to 10 C. Barban selectivity for wild oats in wheat was greater at 27 and 21 C than at 16 and 10 C.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Triazole-Based Fungicides on Wheat Yield and Test Weight as Influenced by Fusarium Head Blight Intensity

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Paul ◽  
M. P. McMullen ◽  
D. E. Hershman ◽  
L. V. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Multivariate random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on 12 years of data from 14 U.S. states to determine the mean yield and test-weight responses of wheat to treatment with propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, metconazole, and prothioconazole+tebuconazole. All fungicides led to a significant increase in mean yield and test weight relative to the check (D; P < 0.001). Metconazole resulted in the highest overall yield increase, with a D of 450 kg/ha, followed by prothioconazole+tebuconazole (444.5 kg/ha), prothioconazole (419.1 kg/ha), tebuconazole (272.6 kg/ha), and propiconazole (199.6 kg/ha). Metconazole, prothioconazole+tebuconazole, and prothioconazole also resulted in the highest increases in test weight, with D values of 17.4 to 19.4 kg/m3, respectively. On a relative scale, the best three fungicides resulted in an overall 13.8 to 15.0% increase in yield but only a 2.5 to 2.8% increase in test weight. Except for prothioconazole+tebuconazole, wheat type significantly affected the yield response to treatment; depending on the fungicide, D was 110.0 to 163.7 kg/ha higher in spring than in soft-red winter wheat. Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease index (field or plot-level severity) in the untreated check plots, a measure of the risk of disease development in a study, had a significant effect on the yield response to treatment, in that D increased with increasing FHB index. The probability was estimated that fungicide treatment in a randomly selected study will result in a positive yield increase (p+) and increases of at least 250 and 500 kg/ha (p250 and p500, respectively). For the three most effective fungicide treatments (metconazole, prothioconazole+tebuconazole, and prothioconazole) at the higher selected FHB index, p+ was very large (e.g., ≥0.99 for both wheat types) but p500 was considerably lower (e.g., 0.78 to 0.92 for spring and 0.54 to 0.68 for soft-red winter wheat); at the lower FHB index, p500 for the same three fungicides was 0.34 to 0.36 for spring and only 0.09 to 0.23 for soft-red winter wheat.

Post-anthesis sink size in a high-yielding dwarf wheat: yield response to grain number

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Fischer ◽  
I Aguilar ◽  
DR Laing
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Fertilization ◽  
Sink Size ◽  
The One

Experiments to study the effect of grain number per sq metre on kernel weight and grain yield in a high-yielding dwarf spring wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Yecora 70) were conducted in three seasons (1971–1973) under high-fertility irrigated conditions in north-western Mexico. Crop thinning, shading and carbon dioxide fertilization (reported elsewhere), and crowding treatments, all carried out at or before anthesis, led to a wide range in grain numbers (4000 to 34,000/m2). Results indicated the response of grain yield to changing sink size (grains per sq metre), with the post-anthesis environment identical for all crops each year, and with all but the thinner crops intercepting most of the post-anthesis solar radiation. Kernel weight fell linearly with increase in grain number over the whole range of grain numbers studied, but the rate of fall varied with the season. Grain yield, however, increased, reaching a maximum at grain numbers well above those of crops grown with optimal agronomic management but without manipulation. It was concluded that the grain yield in normal crops was limited by both sink and post-anthesis source. There was some doubt, however, as to the interpretation of results from crowded crops, because of likely artificial increases in crop respiration on the one hand, and on the other, in labile carbohydrate reserves in the crops at anthesis. Also deterioration in grain plumpness (hectolitre weight) complicates the simple inference that further gains in yield can come from increased grain numbers alone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document