scholarly journals CROP COMPETITION AIDS EFFICACY OF WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. SHARMA ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Crop Competition

Field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period to evaluate the need for competition by crop plants along with the application of postemergence herbicides for wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control in barley and wheat. Barban, difenzoquat, and barban plus difenzoquat were used in barley and barban, benzoylprop ethyl, diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, and barban plus benzoylprop ethyl were used in wheat, at the two-leaf stage and the four-leaf stage of wild oats seeded alone or in a crop. Barban and diclofop methyl were effective for wild oat control at both the two-leaf and four-leaf stage of wild oats. Benzoylprop ethyl, difenzoquat and flamprop methyl alone or in combination with barban were more effective at the four-leaf than at the two-leaf stage of wild oats. Herbicide treatments increased barley yield up to 84% and wheat yield up to 177%. In the absence of herbicide treatments, crop competition from barley or wheat reduced the wild oat dry weight by about 50%. Competition by crop plants was essential for effective wild oat control with all foliage-applied wild oat herbicides included in this study.Key words: Competition, crop, wild oat, herbicides, wheat, barley

Wild oat density and the duration of wild oat competition as it influences wheat growth and yield

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats

The effects of removing wild oats (Avena spp.) from wheat (cv. Gamut) at different stages of wheat growth were investigated in three replicated factorial field experiments at the Tamworth Agricultural Research Centre. In addition, two wild oat densities were compared in the first experiment, and handpulling wild oats was compared with cutting and a shielded paraquat spray in the second experiment. Wheat yield was linearly reduced by up to 1.025 g m-2 day-1 for the duration of wild oat competition. Reductions in tiller number and dry matter yield measured at maturity and the number of tillers per plant recorded at the 5-6 leaf stage were also proportional to the time wild oats were allowed to compete with the wheat. This competitive effect of wild oats increased with increasing weed density. Handpulling and cutting wild oats gave similar measured competitive effects whereas the paraquat spray applied at the 2-3 leaf stage of wheat reduced wheat density.

Split Applications of Herbicides at Reduced Rates Can Effectively Control Wild Oat (Avena fatua) in Wheat

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam J. Lockhart ◽  
Kirk A. Howatt
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Oat Seeds

Split application of herbicides for wild oat control may minimize wild oat competition with wheat while reducing the number of wild oat seeds returned to the soil. Field experiments were conducted in 2000 and 2001 to evaluate the effects of CGA-184927, fenoxaprop-P, flucarbazone, and ICIA 0604 at labeled and reduced rates on wild oat control, wild oat seed rain, and wheat yield. Each herbicide was applied once at 25, 33, and 100% of the labeled rate at the two-leaf stage of wild oat or split applied at 50 and 66% of the full rate as two equal applications. Excellent full-season wild oat control was obtained with CGA-184927, flucarbazone, and ICIA 0604 applied twice at reduced rates. ICIA 0604 or CGA-184927 split applied at 25 and 33% rates (totaled 50 and 66% of the full rate) provided wild oat control equal to one application of labeled rates. Wild oat seed rain was similar among all herbicide treatments, except plots treated with fenoxaprop-P once at 25 and 33% rates where seed rain was higher and equal to 47% of untreated plots. Wheat yields and net returns were highest and similar after treatment with CGA-184927 or ICIA 0604 applied either once at the labeled rate or split applied at 25 or 33% rates.

EFFECT OF FREEZING TEMPERATURE ON THE EFFICACY OF WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. WILCOX ◽  
I. N. MORRISON ◽  
G. MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Single Night

In controlled environment experiments diclofop methyl, difenzoquat, flamprop methyl, fluazifop-P and seythoxydim were applied to wild oat at the three-leaf stage at recommended rates 10 h before or after a single night of freezing (−4 °C) temperature. Herbicide efficacy, as determined by the change in post-treatment dry weight accumulation of treated wild oats during the ensuing 3 wk period, was unaffected by the freezing temperature. The dry matter accumulation of wild oat exposed to the −4 °C temperature was reduced by 10–20% compared to plants which were grown under a constant 15/5 °C day/night regime.Key words: Oat (wild), frost, diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, difenzoquat, fluazifop-P, sethoxydim

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WILD OAT (AVENA FATUA L.)DENSITY ON WHEAT (TRITICUM EASTIVUM L.). YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Abebe Woldesenbet ◽  
Abreham Wolde ◽  
Ayele Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

The experiment was conducted under field condition at Jimma University, College of Agricultures and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM) to determine the effect of various wild oats (Avevafatua L.) densities on yield and yield components of Wheat (Triticumeastivum L.). The experiment design used was the randomized complete block design and each of the experimental treatment was replicated three times. A Wheat cultivar, Digalu was grown with (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80) Wild Oat densities as a treatment. Data were recorded on wheat plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The result revealed that various Wild Oats densities statistically (p≤0.05) affected plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. The maximum values of all the parameters were recorded in the (0) Wild Oat density as well as from Wild Oats density (20). Whereas, the minimum values of these parameters were recorded where (80) wild oats densities were present. From the study it could be concluded that Wheat yield and yield components were greatly affected by Wild Oat densities. Judicious control measures for wild oats are recommended to be adopted that can control Wild Oats in Wheat crop to reduce the crop losses due to this noxious weed.

Hoary Cress (Cardaria draba) Control in Winter Wheat with Postemergence Herbicides

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-592
Author(s):  
Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou ◽  
K. V. Dhima ◽  
I. G. Eleftherohorinos
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Assessment Time ◽  
Hoary Cress ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Field experiments were conducted during 3 yr in Thessaloniki, northern Greece, to determine the efficacy of various herbicides applied alone or in mixtures POST on hoary cress grown in winter wheat. Also, the efficacy of these herbicides on hoary cress generated from seed or root fragments was investigated in pot experiments. All herbicides except for ioxynil plus bromoxynil provided 90 to 100% control of hoary cress generated from seed and root fragments grown in pots. Ioxynil plus bromoxynil gave 84% control of hoary cress generated from seed, but only 66% control of plants generated from root fragments. In the field, mecoprop plus dicamba, imazamethabenz plus mecoprop plus dicamba, and triclopyr applied at the four- to eight-leaf stage provided, respectively, 87, 76, and 83% control of hoary cress (averaged over year and assessment time). Thifensulfuron plus tribenuron provided only 29% control. Chlorsulfuron plus dicamba, clopyralid plus MCPA, 2,4-D plus metosulam, and fluroxypyr provided intermediate hoary cress control. Furthermore, the least hoary cress emergence 52 wk after treatment appeared in plots treated with triclopyr. In addition, wheat grown in plots treated with mecoprop plus dicamba yielded more than wheat treated with the other herbicide treatments, and 55% more than wheat grown in nontreated plots. The results of this study indicate that very good control of hoary cress and high wheat yield can be obtained by the application of mecoprop plus dicamba at the four- to eight-leaf weed growth stage.

scholarly journals Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane Control in Winter Wheat with Postemergence Herbicides

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
C. Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Reduced Density ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of herbicide-resistant weeds, including glyphosate-resistant (GR) biotypes in Ontario, Canada. A total of six field experiments were conducted over a two-year period (2018 and 2019) to determine the control of GR Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) with currently available herbicides for winter wheat in Ontario. Winter wheat was not injured with any of the herbicides evaluated. Among herbicides evaluated, pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil (preformulated), 2,4-D ester, halauxifen, fluroxypyr/halauxifen (preformulated) + MCPA, pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil/fluroxypyr (preformulated), pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil/thiencarbazone (preformulated), pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil/thiencarbazone + MCPA, and fluroxypyr/halauxifen + pyroxsulam + MCPA controlled GR Canada fleabane 94–100% at 8 weeks after application (WAA) and reduced density 95–100% and biomass 97–100%. Reduced GR Canada fleabane interference with pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil/thiencarbazone + MCPA increased winter wheat yield 27% compared to the weedy control. GR Canada fleabane interference had no adverse effect on winter wheat yield with all other treatments. Based on these results, herbicide treatments that include 2,4-D, pyrasulfotole, or halauxifen can adequately control GR Canada fleabane in winter wheat.

WILD OAT INTERFERENCE IN SUNFLOWER

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. O. CHUBB ◽  
G. H. FRIESEN
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

In field experiments, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ’Hybrid 894’) recovered from initial effects of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) interference and yielded normally if the weed was removed within 4 wk after crop emergence and the crop was kept relatively free of wild oats thereafter until harvest. In widely spaced plantings, wild oats growing between-the-rows competed just as vigorously as in-the-row infestations. Selective postemergence herbicides did not always provide sufficient control of wild oats to prevent significant losses in sunflower yield.Key words: Competition, interference, seed yield, oil content, herbicides, critical period

Evaluation of Registered Herbicides for Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Early Fall

Seven field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to compare efficacy and wheat response to currently registered cheat suppression or control herbicide treatments. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron premix (5:1 w/w) at 26 g ai/ha applied PRE controlled cheat 20 to 61%, increased wheat grain yields at two of seven locations, and decreased dockage due to cheat at five of seven locations. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron at 21 g/ha tank-mixed with metribuzin at 210 g/ha, applied early fall POST, controlled cheat 36 to 98% and increased wheat yield at four of seven locations. Metribuzin applied POST in the fall at 420 g/ha controlled cheat 56 to 98% and increased wheat yields at five of seven locations. Both POST treatments decreased dockage at all locations.

Chemical control of wild oats in wheat with di-allate and barban

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
TG Reeves ◽  
IS Smith ◽  
CL Tuohey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Northern District

Results are presented from experiments in which di-allate and barban were used for wild oat control in wheat at 21 sites in the Wimmera and Northern Districts of Victoria. Both chemicals significantly reduced the wild oat densities at most sites but where direct comparisons were made di-allate was more effective than barban. Wheat yield response to applied herbicide was obtained in 17 of the 21 experiments. However, the yield response to barban application showed greater variation than the yield response to di-allate application. Barban was more effective, at all tested rates, n the Wimmera than it was-in the Northern District.

Lentil (Lens culinaris) Yield as Influenced by Duration of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Interference

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Curran ◽  
Larry A. Morrow ◽  
Ralph E. Whitesides
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Time Periods

Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of wild oat (Avena fatua L. # AVEFA) interference in lentils (Lens culinaris Medik). An infestation of 32 and 65 wild oats/m2 maintained up to 5 weeks in the field did not reduce lentil grain yield. However, 32 wild oats/m2 reduced yields 32% when allowed to remain for 7 weeks and 49% if they remained until harvest time (11 weeks). Sixty-five wild oats/m2 reduced grain yield 42 and 61% for the same time periods, respectively. In the growth chamber, 69 wild oats/m2 reduced lentil plant dry weight 29% if allowed to remain for 3 weeks, 61% for 5 weeks, and 72% for 7 weeks (harvest time). The field data suggest that wild oat control measures may be delayed for several weeks after lentil emergence without reducing crop yield.

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