Wild oat density and the duration of wild oat competition as it influences wheat growth and yield

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats

The effects of removing wild oats (Avena spp.) from wheat (cv. Gamut) at different stages of wheat growth were investigated in three replicated factorial field experiments at the Tamworth Agricultural Research Centre. In addition, two wild oat densities were compared in the first experiment, and handpulling wild oats was compared with cutting and a shielded paraquat spray in the second experiment. Wheat yield was linearly reduced by up to 1.025 g m-2 day-1 for the duration of wild oat competition. Reductions in tiller number and dry matter yield measured at maturity and the number of tillers per plant recorded at the 5-6 leaf stage were also proportional to the time wild oats were allowed to compete with the wheat. This competitive effect of wild oats increased with increasing weed density. Handpulling and cutting wild oats gave similar measured competitive effects whereas the paraquat spray applied at the 2-3 leaf stage of wheat reduced wheat density.

scholarly journals CROP COMPETITION AIDS EFFICACY OF WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. SHARMA ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Crop Competition

Field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period to evaluate the need for competition by crop plants along with the application of postemergence herbicides for wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control in barley and wheat. Barban, difenzoquat, and barban plus difenzoquat were used in barley and barban, benzoylprop ethyl, diclofop methyl, flamprop methyl, and barban plus benzoylprop ethyl were used in wheat, at the two-leaf stage and the four-leaf stage of wild oats seeded alone or in a crop. Barban and diclofop methyl were effective for wild oat control at both the two-leaf and four-leaf stage of wild oats. Benzoylprop ethyl, difenzoquat and flamprop methyl alone or in combination with barban were more effective at the four-leaf than at the two-leaf stage of wild oats. Herbicide treatments increased barley yield up to 84% and wheat yield up to 177%. In the absence of herbicide treatments, crop competition from barley or wheat reduced the wild oat dry weight by about 50%. Competition by crop plants was essential for effective wild oat control with all foliage-applied wild oat herbicides included in this study.Key words: Competition, crop, wild oat, herbicides, wheat, barley

Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Growth and Yield as Influenced by Duration of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Competition

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Removal Experiments

The effect of duration of wild oat competition on spring wheat yield and growth was determined in time-of-removal experiments conducted over a three year study period in Saskatchewan, Canada. Failure to remove wild oat reduced wheat yield 28 and 39% at wild oat populations of 64 and 188 plants per m2, respectively. Wheat yield was not reduced by wild oat densities of 64 or 118 plants per m2until the six- and seven-leaf stage of wild oat, respectively. Removing wild oat at 64 plants per m2before the seven-leaf stage and 118 plants per m2before the five-leaf stage did not increase wheat culm or fresh weight production.

Influence of Sowing Time on Winter Wild Oat (Avena ludoviciana) Control in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Isoproturon

Weed Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samunder Singh ◽  
R. K. Malik ◽  
R. S. Panwar ◽  
R. S. Balyan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Late Emergence ◽  
Vigorous Growth

Field experiments were conducted during the winters of 1987–88 and 1988–89 at Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India to evaluate the response of winter wild oat to sowing date and isoproturon application time in wheat. In another experiment, the effect of sowing time on emergence and growth of winter wild oat and wheat sown separately was studied. The treatments that provided more than 75% control of winter wild oat were: isoproturon at 0.75 kg ha−1applied at the 2-leaf stage of winter wild oat; isoproturon 1 kg ha−1applied at the 4-leaf stage of winter wild oat in the November 30 planting; and isoproturon 0.50 kg ha−1applied at the 1- to 2-leaf stage of winter wild oat in the December 20 sowing. Isoproturon did not provide more than 50% control of winter wild oat in the November 10 sowing. Mortality of winter wild oat increased from 38 to 72 to 87% in November 10, November 30, and December 20 sowings, respectively. Mortality of winter wild oat was similar in November 30 and December 20 sowings but higher grain yield was recorded in November 30 sowing. Due to vigorous growth of winter wild oat in the November 10 sowing, isoproturon did not provide good control. December 20 sowing favored wheat growth due to lower density and late emergence of winter wild oat but reduction in wheat grain yield was greater. When averaged over isoproturon treatments, the grain yield of wheat was 4607, 5297, and 4457 kg ha−1in the November 10, November 30, and December 20 sowings, respectively.

scholarly journals Simulation of Wheat Productivity Using a Model Integrated With Proximal and Remotely Controlled Aerial Sensing Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taehwan Shin ◽  
Jonghan Ko ◽  
Seungtaek Jeong ◽  
Ashifur Rahman Shawon ◽  
Kyung Do Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Proximal Sensing ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
National University

A crop model incorporating proximal sensing images from a remote-controlled aerial system (RAS) can serve as an enhanced alternative for monitoring field-based geospatial crop productivity. This study aimed to investigate wheat productivity for different cultivars and various nitrogen application regimes and determine the best management practice scenario. We simulated spatiotemporal wheat growth and yield by integrating RAS-based sensing images with a crop-modeling system to achieve the study objective. We conducted field experiments and proximal sensing campaigns to acquire the ground truth data and RAS images of wheat growth conditions and yields. These experiments were performed at Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju, South Gyeongsang province, Republic of Korea (ROK), in 2018 and 2019 and at Chonnam National University (CNU), Gwangju, ROK, in 2018. During the calibration at GNU in 2018, the wheat yields simulated by the modeling system were in agreement with the corresponding measured yields without significant differences (p = 0.27–0.91), according to two-sample t-tests. Furthermore, the yields simulated via this approach were in agreement with the measured yields at CNU in 2018 and at GNU in 2019 without significant differences (p = 0.28–0.86), as evidenced by two-sample t-tests; this proved the validity of the proposed modeling system. This system, when integrated with remotely sensed images, could also accurately reproduce the geospatial variations in wheat yield and growth variables. Given the results of this study, we believe that the proposed crop-modeling approach is applicable for the practical monitoring of wheat growth and productivity at the field level.

Barban Selectivity for Wild Oat in Wheat

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Neidermyer ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wild Oats

The response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) to barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl-m-chlorocarbanilate) was studied as influenced by plant morphology and air temperature after application. Growth of wheat and wild oat seedlings was reduced by barban at 0.3 μg and 0.6 μg applied to the first node, respectively. Barban application to the base and midpoint of the first leaf blade required a lower dose to reduce wild oat growth than wheat growth. Increased tillering occurred from barban injury to the main culm in wheat. Wheat and wild oat susceptibility to barban increased as the post-treatment temperature decreased from 32 to 10 C. Barban selectivity for wild oats in wheat was greater at 27 and 21 C than at 16 and 10 C.

scholarly journals Control of Volunteer Glyphosate-Resistant Canola in Glyphosate-Resistant Sugar Beet

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipan Kumar ◽  
Prashant Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Control Volunteer ◽  
Sugar Beet Root ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Occurrence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) canola volunteers in GR sugar beet is a management concern for growers in the Northern Great Plains. Field experiments were conducted at the Southern Agricultural Research Center near Huntley, MT, in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate effective herbicide programs to control volunteer GR canola in GR sugar beet. Single POST application of triflusulfuron methyl alone at the two-leaf stage of sugar beet was more effective at 35 compared with 17.5 g ai ha−1. However, rate differences were not evident when triflusulfuron methyl was applied as a sequential POST (two-leaf followed by [fb] six-leaf stage of sugar beet) program (17.5 fb 17.5 or 35 fb 35 g ha−1). Volunteer GR canola plants in the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments produced little biomass (11 to 15% of nontreated plots) but a significant amount of seeds (160 to 661 seeds m−2). Ethofumesate (4,200 g ai ha−1) PRE followed by sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl (17.5 or 35 g ha−1) provided effective control (94 to 98% at 30 d after treatment [DAT]), biomass reduction (97%), and seed prevention of volunteer GR canola. There was no additional advantage of adding either desmedipham + phenmedipham + ethofumesate premix (44.7 g ha−1) or ethofumesate (140 g ha−1) to the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–only treatments. The sequential POST ethofumesate-only (140 fb 140 g ha−1) treatment provided poor volunteer GR canola control at 30 DAT, and the noncontrolled plants produced 6,361 seeds m−2, which was comparable to the nontreated control (7,593 seeds m−2). Sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments reduced GR sugar beet root and sucrose yields to 18 and 20%, respectively. Consistent with GR canola control, sugar beet root and sucrose yields were highest (95 and 91% of hand-weeded plots, respectively) when the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments were preceded by ethofumesate (4,200 g ha−1) PRE. Growers should utilize these effective herbicide programs to control volunteer GR canola in GR sugar beet. Because of high canola seed production potential, as evident from this research, control efforts should be aimed at preventing seed bank replenishment of the GR canola volunteers.

Chemical control of wild oats in wheat with di-allate and barban

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
TG Reeves ◽  
IS Smith ◽  
CL Tuohey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Northern District

Results are presented from experiments in which di-allate and barban were used for wild oat control in wheat at 21 sites in the Wimmera and Northern Districts of Victoria. Both chemicals significantly reduced the wild oat densities at most sites but where direct comparisons were made di-allate was more effective than barban. Wheat yield response to applied herbicide was obtained in 17 of the 21 experiments. However, the yield response to barban application showed greater variation than the yield response to di-allate application. Barban was more effective, at all tested rates, n the Wimmera than it was-in the Northern District.

Economic Control of Weeds in Wheat,Triticum aestivum

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg R. Gillespie ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Economic Control

Field experiments were conducted at two locations during 1984 and 1985 to determine how time of wild oats and wild mustard control influenced spring wheat yield and net economic return. Wheat yield and economic return were greatest when both weed species were controlled with diclofop plus bromoxynil at the 2-leaf wheat stage. Delaying the application of herbicides or controlling only wild oats with diclofop or only wild mustard with MCPA reduced wheat yield and economic benefit from the herbicide treatment. Wild oats and wild mustard competed equally for limiting growth factors in a greenhouse experiment.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen and potassium on growth and yield of gladiolus corms

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
FN Khan ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
AJMS Karim ◽  
KM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Optimum Rate ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Research Institute

A study was conducted at the Floriculture Research Field of Horticulture Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during the period from November 2006 to May 2008 to determine the optimum rate of N and K for better growth and yield of corm and cormel of gladiolus. The treatment combination N150 K200 kg/ha produced the longest plant (42.1 cm), the broadest leaf (1.93 cm), the maximum percentage of spikes (88.1%), and corm (97.6%), the heaviest and the largest corm (19.5 g and 4.11 cm, respectively), cent percent flowering sized corm, and the highest corm number and cormel yield (1,20,000 and 1.66 t/ha, respectively). The corm produced from this treatment combination also showed better performances in the next year in respect of plant emergence (100%), florets/spike (13.1), spike and rachis length (82.2 cm and 45.4 cm, respectively), flower stick weight (57.1 g) and percentage of flower sticks (113%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14385 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 607-616, December 2012

Spray deposition on plant surfaces: a modelling approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Dorr ◽  
Jim Hanan ◽  
Steve Adkins ◽  
Andrew Hewitt ◽  
Chris O'Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Extended Range ◽  
Particle Trajectory Model ◽  
Plant Surfaces ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

For pesticides to effectively manage pests, they must first be deposited on the target (typically a plant surface) in a manner in which the active ingredient(s) can be readily taken up by the target organism. A plant architectural model that enables the location of various plant components in 3-D space combined with a particle trajectory model has been used to study the interception of spray droplets by various vegetative elements. Results from the simulation are compared with wind tunnel studies of glyphosate deposition on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. Sicala), sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.) and wild oats (Avena ludoviciana Durieu). An air induction flat fan nozzle (AI110015 at 500 kPa pressure) and an extended range flat fan nozzle (XR11002 at 280 kPa pressure) were predicted to have similar glyphosate deposition on cotton and sow thistle plants, whereas the extended range nozzle resulted in higher deposit on wild oats. Spray deposition (µg cm−2) on wild oat plants at the 5-leaf stage was more than double the amount of deposition on sow thistle or wild oat plants at the 2-leaf stage. The model was in good agreement with the experimental data except that it tended to over predict deposition on sow thistle plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document