Responses by wheat to lupin, soil amelioration and fertilizer treatments in a solodised solonetz soil

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
WK Gardner ◽  
GK McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Amelioration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Moisture Extraction ◽  
Solonetz Soil

Disruption of the junction of the A-B horizons of a yellow duplex soil did not affect moisture extraction or grain yield of wheat grown in the Southern Wimmera, and it is unlikely that this zone represents a serious impediment to root growth. However, improving soil fertility, either by growing lupins or by placing nitrogen and phosphorus in the A2 horizon, did increase yields. Following lupins in 1983, wheat yield increased from 4.3 to 55 t/ha in 1984,andfrom 3.1 to3.7 t/ha in 1985. This response was greater than that due to deep placement of nitrogen and phosphorus (0.3 t/ha in 1984,0.4 t/ha in 1985), probably because of improved root growth as a result of less root disease. There were consistent responses to foliar applications of copper and interactions with other treatments; the greatest responses occurred in situations of improved nitrogen nutrition.

Long-term liming improves soil fertility and soybean root growth, reflecting improvements in leaf gas exchange and grain yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 126308
Author(s):  
João William Bossolani ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Moretti ◽  
Ariani Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals Influence of Fertilization System on Wheat Yields in Terms of Global Climate Change

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jelić ◽  
Olivera Nikolić ◽  
D. Knezevic ◽  
Nadica Savic ◽  
G. Dugalić
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wheat Production

Over the last few decades, wheat production, both in Serbia and worldwide, has been practiced under characteristic agrometeorological conditions. It has generally been affected by specific strongly marked agrometeorological and climate extremes, most notably extreme temperature and drought events during critical periods in the growing season, which mostly had a negative impact on the growth, development and yield of wheat in Central Serbia.This paper presents results and discussion on both the potential effect of climate change on winter wheat yield and the possibility to alleviate it through an appropriately adjusted fertilization system.The present study on the effect of different rates and ratios of NPK fertilizers on grain yield in seven winter wheat cultivars under different (dry and “normal“) conditions during the year was conducted in a long-term field experiment at the Small Grains Research Centre in Kragujevac over a period of seven years (2000/01-2006/07).Depending on the fertilization treatment, the average yield reduction in dry years showed 50% variation relative to “normal” years. The highest reduction in grain yield and other productive traits of wheat in dry years was observed in the treatment involving nitrogen nutrition, particularly lower application rates. As compared to the non-treated control, the use of complete NPK fertilization having an increased amount of phosphorus resulted in the lowest yield reduction during the dry years that were unfavorable for winter wheat production. The average grain yield reduction in dry years was lowest in wheat cultivar Matica and highest in Kg-100, respectively.

scholarly journals Wheat Yield Trend and Soil Fertility Status in Long Term Rice-Rice-Wheat Cropping System

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Nabin Rawal ◽  
Devraj Chalise ◽  
Janmejai Tripathi ◽  
Dinesh Khadka ◽  
Khim Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Total N

A long-term soil fertility experiment under rice-rice-wheat system was performed to evaluate the long term effects of inorganic fertilizer and manure applications on soil properties and grain yield of wheat. The experiment began since 1978 was laid out in randomized complete block design with 9 treatments replicated 3 times. From 1990 onwards, periodic modifications have been made in all the treatments splitting the plots in two equal halves of 4 x 3 m2 leaving one half as original. In the original treatments, recent data revealed that the use of Farm Yard Manure (FYM) @10 t ha-1 gave significantly (P≤0.05) higher yield of 2.3 t ha-1 in wheat, whereas control plot gave the lowest grain yield of 277 kg ha-1. Similarly, in the modified treatments, the use of FYM @10 t ha-1 along with inorganic Nitrogen (N) and Potassium oxide (K2O) @ 50 kg ha-1 produced significantly (P≤0.05) the highest yield of 2.4 t/ha in wheat. The control plot with an indigenous nutrient supply only produced wheat yield of 277 kg ha-1 after 35th year completion of rice-rice-wheat system. A sharp decline in wheat yields was noted in minus N, phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) treatments during recent years. Yields were consistently higher in the N:P2O5:K2O and FYM treatments than in treatments, where one or more nutrients were lacking. The application of P2O5 and K2O caused a partial recovery of yield in P and K deficient plots. There was significant (P≤0.05) effect of use of chemical fertilizers and manure on soil properties. The soil analysis data showed an improvement in soil pH (7.8), soil organic matter (4.1%), total N content (0.16%), available P (503.5 kg P2O5 ha-1) and exchangeable K (137.5 kg K2O ha-1) in FYM applied treatments over all other treatments. The findings showed that the productivity of the wheat can be increased and sustained by improving nutrient through the integrated use of organic and inorganic manures in long term.Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council Vol.1 2015 pp.21-28

scholarly journals The Effects of Combining Farm Yard Manure, Starter Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Green Grams

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Esther Mwende Muindi ◽  
Consalata Mueni Muindi ◽  
James Ndiso
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Green gram (Vigna radiate l.) is an important legume grown within Kenyan Coast. Despite the crops importance as a locally available nutrient supplement, its production is constrained by declining soil fertility caused by poor agronomic practices. A field experiment was established during the March-June, 2019 long rains in multi locational sites at Matuga and Mivumoni in Kwale County. The experiment was aimed at investigating the effect of integrating farm yard manure, zinc and starter nitrogen and phosphorus on soil fertility, growth and yield of green grams. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included: Zinc, NP, Manure, Manure+ zinc, NP+ zinc and control. Green gram variety tested was KS20. Data collected included: Initial soil chemical properties, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of pods per plant, grains per pod, weight of 100 grains, biomass and grain yield. Results showed that Zinc+ manure significantly promoted the highest plant height, number of leaves, grain yield. Plots treated with zinc+ manure recorded 32% higher plant height and 46% higher grain yield compared to NP applied plots. In conclusion, integration of manure and zinc was most effective in promoting green grams growth and yield. Since, this research was carried out on station in ferralic, chromic Luvisols; there is need for long term trials in farmers’ fields with diverse soil properties and environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Response of root development and nutrient uptake of two chinese cultivars of hybrid rice to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization in Sichuan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guotao Yang ◽  
Farhan Nabi ◽  
Sumbal Sajid ◽  
Abdul Rasheed Kaleri ◽  
Ali Murad Jakhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Abstract Background Chemical fertilization helped modern agriculture in grain yield improvement to ensure food security. The response of chemical fertilization for higher hybrid rice production is highly dependent on optimal fertilization management in paddy fields. To assess such responses, in the current work we examine the yield, root growth, and expression of related genes responsible for stress metabolism of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in two hybrid-rice cultivars Deyou4727 (D47) and Yixiangyou2115 (Y21). Methods and results The experiment followed four nitrogen (N) (N0, N60, N120, and N180 kg/ha) and phosphorus (P) (P0, P60, P90, and P120 kg/ha) fertilizer levels. The grain yield in D47 was more sensitive to nitrogen application, while Y21 was more sensitive to phosphorus application, which resulted in comparatively higher biomass and yield. Our findings were corroborated by gene expression studies of glutamine synthetase OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 and phosphate starvation-related genes PHR1 and SPX, confirming sensitivity to N and P application. The number of roots was less sensitive to nitrogen application in D47 between N0 and N60, but the overall nutrient response difference was significantly higher due to the deep rooting system as compared to Y21. Conclusions The higher yield, high N and P use efficiency, and versatile root growth of D47 make it suitable to reduce unproductive usage of N and P from paddy fields, improving hybrid rice productivity, and environmental safety in the Sichuan basin area of China.

scholarly journals Lime and gypsum application on the wheat crop

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Fávero Caires ◽  
Itacir Cesar Feldhaus ◽  
Gabriel Barth ◽  
Fernando José Garbuio
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Root growth and crop yield can be affected by chemical modifications of the soil profile owing to lime and gypsum applications. A field trial was carried out on a dystrophic Clayey Rhodic Hapludox at Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil, aiming to evaluate lime (without or with incorporation into the soil) and gypsum effects on root growth, mineral nutrition and grain yield of wheat (cv. OR 1). A randomized complete block design was used, with three replications, in a split-plot experiment. Treatments with dolomitic limestone (without lime and 4.5 t ha-1 of lime applied on the surface, in total rate and 1/3 of the requirement per year during 3 years, or incorporated into the soil) were applied in July 1998 (main plots) and the rates of gypsum (0, 3, 6 and 9 t ha-1) in October 1998 (subplots). Wheat was evaluated in the 2000 winter season. In conditions of water deficit absence, there was no limitation in root growth in depth, for exchangeable Ca of 6 mmol c dm-3. Lime incorporation of lime increased the Mg concentration in the leaves, but wheat yield was not influenced by the correction of soil acidity through liming treatments. Gypsum increased the concentrations of Ca and S in wheat leaves, with significant effects on grain yield. The critical level of S-SO4(2-) in the 0-20 cm soil layer, extracted by ammonium acetate 0.5 mol L-1 in acetic acid 0.25 mol L-1, was 25.8 mg dm-3.

FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AS A WAY OF SOIL FERTILITY AND STABILIZATION OF FIELD CROP ROTATION PRODUCTIVENESS

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
V. T. Sinegovskaya ◽  
E. T. Naumchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of comparative evaluation of the efficiency of the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers in the crop rotation system. It was found that the application of the mineral fertilizer system increased the value of hydrolytic acidity of the soil from 4,30 to 5,29 mg-eq per 100 g of soil, the indicator of metabolic acidity decreased from 5,2 to 4,9 pH units. By the end of the 11th rotation for both fertilizer systems, the content of mobile phosphorus increased by more than 4 times relative to the initial value, its mobility indicator – by 2,2-3,2 times compared with the control. The use of the organo-mineral system was accompanied by an increase in the content of humus by 0,35 % and a decrease in the C:N ratio from 11,2 to 8,9. The increased productivity of wheat was revealed when applying nitrogen and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers against the background of prolonged use of the mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer system. The change in wheat productivity by 56 % depended on the content of mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, humus in the topsoil, and on the phosphate ion mobility. Soybean productivity depended on soil fertility indicators only by 24 %: the relationship between soybean productivity and the mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus is weak and direct, between productivity and P2O5 mobility - weak and inverse, with humus - moderate and direct.

Genetic Improvement of Root Growth and Its Relationship with Grain Yield of Wheat Cultivars in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Zhong-Wei TIAN ◽  
Yong-Hui FAN ◽  
Mei YIN ◽  
Fang-Rui WANG ◽  
Jian CAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lower Yangtze
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