Chilling Resistance in Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. &amp; Bonpl., A Wild Tomato With a Wild Altitudinal Distribution

Chilling resistance and other adaptations to low temperature were investigated in the wild tomato, Lycopersicon hirsutum, and the domestic tomato L. esculentum. Chilling resistance was assessed by the ability of seedlings to survive and grow after being exposed to 0°C for several days. For geogra- phical populations of L. hirsutum, chilling resistance was greatest in those derived from the higher altitudes. Other characteristics that correlated with the altitude of origin of the different populations were the rate at which the seeds germinated at low temperatures and chlorophyll development at low temperatures. L. esculentum cv. Rutgers did not tolerate chilling well and, in this respect, resembled low-altitude populations of L. hirsutum. L. hirsutum is a suitable species for physiological studies of chilling resistance, and its altitudinal variants are potential sources of genes 'tailored' to different temperature environments. Methods based on the above-mentioned responses to chilling may enable selection of chilling-resistant seedlings from hybrids of L. esculentum and L. hirsutum.

Download Full-text

Adaptation to low temperatures in the wild tomato speciesSolanum chilense

Molecular Ecology ◽

10.1111/mec.13637 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 2853-2869 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Tetyana Nosenko ◽

Katharina B. Böndel ◽

Gabriele Kumpfmüller ◽

Wolfgang Stephan

Keyword(s):

Low Temperatures ◽

Wild Tomato ◽

In The Wild

Download Full-text

SEED GERMINATION PLASTICITY OF TWO ENDANGERED SPECIES OF FERULA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Plant Breeding and Seed Science ◽

10.37317/pbss-2019-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 ◽

pp. 13-33

Author(s):

Parvin Salehi Shanjani ◽

Amir Mousavi ◽

Faeze Rasoulzadeh Farsad

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Local Adaptations ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

In The Wild ◽

Different Populations ◽

Germination Cues

Ferula assa-foetida and F. gummosa, Apiaceae, are important endemic and endangered medicinal plants. Survival of the species is threatened by climate change, overexploiting (as source of oleo-gum resin and for-age) and lack of organized cultivation. Cultivation of these valuable medicinal plants is restricted by insuffi-cient domestication knowledge. Germination characteristics of different populations of Ferula taxa were studied with the aim of describing and comparing their responses to continuous cold stratification condition. Germination cues for the species were complex, with dormancy mechanisms present to restrict germination until cold stratification are fulfilled. Results indicated that a period of 4 weeks of stratification is sufficient for germination of F. assa-foetida, but optimal germination of F. gummosa require stratification for periods of 8 weeks. Both species were able to germinate at very low temperatures (4°C). Within-taxon differences in dor-mancy breaking and seedling emergence may interpret as local adaptations. The continued regeneration and propagation of the species in the wild will depend on the temperature and moisture status of the soil during winter and the maintenance of conditions suitable for stratification for an appropriate length of time.

Download Full-text

l.240 ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY OF Coffea arabica LINES IN THE WESTERN AMAZON

Coffee Science ◽

10.25186/cs.v14i2.1580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Carolina Augusto de Souza ◽

Alexsandro Lara Teixeira ◽

Josemar Dávila Torres ◽

Camila Andrade Silva ◽

Marcelo Curitiba Espindula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperatures ◽

Coffea Arabica ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Gge Biplot ◽

Early Maturation ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

The Mean ◽

Low Altitude ◽

Set Up ◽

Selection Of

Growing Coffea arabica in regions of the Western Amazon is limited by early maturation and by its limited adaptation to regions of low altitude and high temperature. The aim in this study was to quantify the genotype × environment interaction of C. arabica lines in four different environments of the Western Amazon, seeking to assist selection of new lines with greater adaptability and stability for the region. In the months of December 2012 and January 2013, four competitive trials were set up in municipalities of the states of Rondônia and Acre. Each trial was composed of 21 lines and 4 reference cultivars evaluated as controls recommended for planting in the southeast region. In combined analysis, significant differences were not detected between the cultivars and controls; the mean yield of hulled coffee was 12.05 bags ha-1. The Alta Floresta Do Oeste environment has higher yield and is the only environment favorable for growing C. arabica; that environment is differentiated from the others through its higher altitudes and low temperatures. Through GGE biplot analyses, lines 12 and 13, identified as H514-7-10-6-9 and H514-7-10-6-2-3-9, were found to have results superior to the controls in the municipality of Alta Floresta Do Oeste, RO. The gain from selection of 56% obtained from line G12 and the gain of 46% obtained from line G13 show performance superior to the best control. The germplasm studied does not have genetic variability that contributes to selection of plants for adaptation to the low altitude and high temperatures in the amazonic region.

Download Full-text

Selection of Airfoils for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines for Low Speed, Low Altitude Regions of Central India

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ◽

10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i11.450 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Abhineet Singh ◽

Sonali Mitra ◽

S.V.H. Nagendra ◽

Pragyan Jain

Keyword(s):

Numerical Analysis ◽

Central India ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

College Campus ◽

Low Speed ◽

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines ◽

Low Altitude ◽

Naca 0015 ◽

Naca 0012 ◽

Selection Of

The present paper deals with the selection of airfoil profile for VAWTs which is to be installed in the college campus, located in Central India region. Both experimental and numerical analysis he been carried out for the three selected airfoils, NACA 0012, NACA 0015 & S2027. The results show a good correlation with the existing literature. Airfoil profile S2027 has been chosen which best suits our condition.

Download Full-text

Modyfikowanie HTPB (α,ω-dihydroksypolibutadienu) w reakcjach estryfikacji, silanizacji, epoksydacji i uwodornienia

Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne / High Energy Materials ◽

10.22211/matwys/0168 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 30-45

Author(s):

Michał Chmielarek ◽

Paweł Maksimowski ◽

Tomasz Gołofit ◽

Katarzyna Cieślak ◽

Wojciech Pawłowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Frost Resistance ◽

High Energy ◽

Insulating Materials ◽

Rocket Propulsion ◽

Materials Research ◽

Selection Of

HTPB is a valuable comonomer for the preparation of polyurethanes. Thanks to its specific properties, it gives these materials frost resistance and excellent mechanical properties, especially at low temperatures. The polyurethanes thus obtained are used in the production of propellants used in space and military rocket propulsion, and are the basis for frost-resistant adhesives and insulating materials. Research on the selection of binder indicates the use of high energy polymers or modifications of previously used polymers improving their properties. The results of research on ways of changing the properties of HTPB through its modification and thus an increase of application possibilities will be presented.

Download Full-text

Determination of Sites of Special Importance for the Conservation of Threatened Orchid Species in Colombia

Mediterranean Botany ◽

10.5209/mbot.67589 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e67589

Author(s):

Daniela Alba-Patiño ◽

Fabian Martínez-Hernández ◽

Juan Francisco Mota Poveda

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Special Importance ◽

Altitudinal Distribution ◽

Orchid Species ◽

Endangered Orchid ◽

The Andes ◽

Andes Region ◽

Selection Of

Colombia is the country with the highest number of orchid species (4270), whose optimal habitat is cold and humid forests. However, the outlook for conservation is alarming, considering that deforestation is causing the loss of millions of hectares of forests. This situation has led to the existence of 206 endangered orchid species. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine Sites of Special Importance for the Conservation of Threatened Orchid Species in Colombia (SSICO), through an analysis of their spatial and altitudinal distribution using various databases, to make a selection of nature reserves on a municipality scale, using Marxan software, and employing relevant parameters (richness, rarity, and IUCN category). Furthermore, the results were later compared with the Protected Areas System, determining their coverage to propose SSICOs. 674 records of the presence of threatened orchids in 277 municipalities were obtained. Urrao, Abrego, and Frontino were the areas with the greatest richness and rarity. Marxan selected 47 municipalities located mostly in the Andes region, and four SSICOs were prioritized, which are located in the Antioquia, Norte de Santander, Nariño and Putumayo provinces. These SSICOs, in addition to being points of great biodiversity, are areas with special socio-economic characteristics that influence the management of natural resources. These areas require timely attention, research, and intervention by environmental authorities because of their importance for conserving orchids and Andes Forests.

Download Full-text

Perspectives of the advanced functional using of some ornamental bushy crops

Horticulture: Interdepartment Subdject Scientific Collection ◽

10.35205/0558-1125-2021-76-212-222 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 212-222

Author(s):

V.M. Yezhov ◽

◽

V.I. Dubrovskyi ◽

O.Yu. Ansieiev ◽

O.A. Olenich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperatures ◽

Left Bank ◽

New Variety ◽

Common Lilac ◽

Significant Yield ◽

The Common ◽

Ornamental Shrubs ◽

The Rose ◽

Selection Of

The authors present the results of the collection’s formation of some ornamental shrubs, long-term phenological observations of them and the selection of the best forms and breeding hybrids in the Left-Bank Lisosteppe of Ukraine. In particular, the characteristic of the vegetation of 20 varieties of common lilac collection is given. The estimation of the terms and duration of the crop flowering enable to divide its varieties into groups of early, average and late flowering. The high decorative value of most of the strains has been described as well as their resistance to low temperatures and pests. The additional analysis of the latest literature data has shown the significant yield of aromatic substances in the common lilac plant, with the predominance of alkanes and lilac alcohol. The results have been presented of 70 rose cultivars of adaptation to the growing zone conditions. There are 20 promise varieties of the crop, which are characterized by high decorative value, resistance to pathogens and low temperatures and duration of flowering. The characteristics of the new variety of roses of the floribunda group – Olexandra has been given created by the authors. Along side with the high decorative value, different types of the rose plant provide the significant yield of aromatic substances with the domination of alkanes, monoterpenes and 2-phenylethanol. The analysis of the literature data also has shown the presence of aromatic substances in the jasmine and mock-orange plants. The first is characterized with esters based on benzene, cis-jasmon and isophytol, the second – with some sesquiterpenes and epi-13-manol. The further research included the phenological evaluation of the of white cedar and juniper collection. The best selected forms were characterized with decorativeness, resistance to frost, pests and pathogens. The literature data have shown, that the aromatic complex of the crops cultures includes mainly monoterpenes and their derivatives – alcohols and ketones. As a result, it was concluded that it is necessary to expand research with ornamental bushy crops in the direction of evaluating of their aromatic properties.

Download Full-text

Tensile Testing at Low Temperatures

10.31399/asm.tb.tt2.t51060239 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 239-249

Keyword(s):

Low Temperatures ◽

Tensile Testing ◽

Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Test Procedures ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Reinforced Polymer ◽

Engineering Materials ◽

Temperature Test ◽

Selection Of

Abstract This chapter details low-temperature test procedures and equipment. It discusses the role temperature plays in the properties of typical engineering materials. The effect that lowering the temperature of a solid has on the mechanical properties of a material is summarized for three principal groups of engineering materials: metals, ceramics, and polymers (including fiber-reinforced polymer). The chapter describes the factors that influence the selection of tensile testing, along with a comparison of tensile and compression tests. It covers the parameters and standards related to tensile testing. The chapter discusses the factors involved in controlling test temperature. Finally, the chapter discusses the safety issues concerning the use of cooled methanol, liquid-nitrogen, and liquid helium.

Download Full-text

Bactericera cockerelli resistance in the wild tomato Solanum habrochaites is polygenic and influenced by the presence of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50379-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carlos A. Avila ◽

Thiago G. Marconi ◽

Zenaida Viloria ◽

Julianna Kurpis ◽

Sonia Y. Del Rio

Keyword(s):

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Chromosome 8 ◽

Bactericera Cockerelli ◽

Wild Tomato ◽

Wild Tomato Species ◽

Tomato Species ◽

Cultivar Development ◽

In The Wild ◽

Candidatus Liberibacter ◽

Complex Inheritance

Abstract The tomato-potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli, is a vector for the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), the causative agent of economically important diseases including tomato vein-greening and potato zebra chip. Here, we screened 11 wild tomato relatives for TPP resistance as potential resources for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar development. Six accessions with strong TPP resistance (survival <10%) were identified within S. habrochaites, S. pennelli, S. huaylasense, S. chmielewskii, S. corneliomulleri, and S. galapagense. Two S. pennelli and S. corneliomulleri accessions also showed resistance to Lso. We evaluated recombinant inbred lines (RILs) carrying resistance from S. habrochaites accession LA1777 in the S. lycopersicum background and identified major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for adult TPP mortality and fecundity in several RILs carrying insertions in different chromosomes, indicating the polygenic nature of these traits. Analysis of a major resistance QTL in RIL LA3952 on chromosome 8 revealed that the presence of Lso is required to increase adult TPP mortality. By contrast, the reduced TPP oviposition trait in LA3952 is independent of Lso. Therefore, resistance traits are available in wild-tomato species, although their complex inheritance and modes of action require further characterisation to optimise their utilisation for tomato improvement.

Download Full-text