scholarly journals Crystal structure of tomato spotted wilt virus GNreveals a dimer complex formation and evolutionary link to animal-infecting viruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (42) ◽  
pp. 26237-26244
Author(s):  
Yoav Bahat ◽  
Joel Alter ◽  
Moshe Dessau
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Virus Acquisition ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Negative Sense

Tospoviridaeis a family of enveloped RNA plant viruses that infect many field crops, inflicting a heavy global economic burden. These tripartite, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses are transmitted from plant to plant by thrips as the insect vector. The medium (M) segment of the viral genome encodes two envelope glycoproteins, GNand GC, which together form the envelope spikes. GCis considered the virus fusogen, while the accompanying GNprotein serves as an attachment protein that binds to a yet unknown receptor, mediating the virus acquisition by the thrips carrier. Here we present the crystal structure of glycoprotein N (GN) from the tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a representative member of theTospoviridaefamily. The structure suggests that GNis organized as dimers on TSWV’s outer shell. Our structural data also suggest that this dimerization is required for maintaining GNstructural integrity. Although the structure of the TSWV GNis different from other bunyavirus GNproteins, they all share similar domain connectivity that resembles glycoproteins from unrelated animal-infecting viruses, suggesting a common ancestor for these accompanying proteins.

scholarly journals Characterization and Establishment of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Pepper

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiqiang Hao ◽  
Ming Gu ◽  
Miaoren Yang ◽  
Xinran Gao ◽  
Zihao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most economically destructive and scientifically challenging plant viruses, which has seriously affected the production of commercial crops. At present, there is no effective strategy to control this virus. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rapid and simple method to detect TSWV, which is of great significance to prevent its spread. In this study, an isolate of TSWV (TSWV-LNTL) infecting pepper from Liaoning Province of northeast China was obtained. A phylogenetic tree based on neighbor-joining using coat protein (CP) gene was established. A rapid method for detecting TSWV by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was established. The phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide sequences of coat protein (CP) genes of different TSWV isolates showed that the genetic relationship of TSWV-LNTL was most closely related to that of TSWV-LX-Lettuce-12 (Yunnan) and TSWV-TSHL (Shandong) isolates in China. It can be finished at 39 °C for 20 min and then purified by heating at 65 °C for 10 min. The RPA primers were highly specific and no cross-reactivity was detected with other selected viruses infecting pepper. The results of sensitivity test revealed that the detection limit of RPA is 1.0 × 103 copies/μL, which was tenfold lower than that of PCR method. In addition, the RPA method was successfully applied to detect TSWV in field samples. These results reported the occurrence of TSWV on crop in Liaoning Province of northeast China and demonstrated that the established RPA assay provided an effective molecular diagnostic tool for the accurate and rapid detection of TSWV to prevent its spread.

scholarly journals Tomato spotted wilt virus Identified in Desert Rose in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adkins ◽  
C. A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Symptomatic Plant ◽  
Das Elisa

Desert rose (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult), a member of the family Apocynaceae, is characterized by fleshy stems and leaves and colorful flowers. This exotic ornamental, originally from southeast Africa, is propagated vegetatively and is a perennial in warm climates. Virus-like foliar symptoms, including chlorotic ring and line patterns, were observed in the fall of 2004 on one of five stock plants being maintained in a greenhouse in Fort Pierce, FL. Inclusion body morphology suggested the presence of a Tospovirus in the symptomatic plant, and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was specifically identified in this plant using a commercially available double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA; Agdia, Elkhart, IN). TSWV was not detected in symptomless desert rose plants nor was Impatiens necrotic spot virus detected in any of the plants using DAS-ELISA. Graft transmission of TSWV to other desert rose plants was successful. Sequence analysis of a nucleocapsid (N) protein gene fragment amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers TSWV723 and TSWV722 (1) from total RNA of the symptomatic plant confirmed the diagnosis. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of a 579-bp region of the RT-PCR product were 95 to 99% and 95 to 100% identical, respectively, to TSWV N-gene sequences in GenBank. No product was amplified from symptomless plants. Since these 3-year-old plants were grown on-site from seed and only expressed symptoms 2 months following damage to the greenhouse by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne, it is likely that viruliferous thrips were introduced from local vegetable or ornamental production areas during or following the storms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV infection of desert rose in Florida, although TSWV was observed in this plant in Europe approximately 10 years ago (3,4). Because of the wide distribution of TSWV in the United States, the increasing popularity of desert rose, and the recent identification of Cucumber mosaic virus in this host (2), attention to sanitation and insect vector management is merited during desert rose propagation and production. References: (1) S. Adkins and E. N. Rosskopf. Plant Dis. 86:1310, 2002. (2) C. A. Baker et al. Plant Dis. 87:1007, 2003. (3) J. Mertelik et al. Acta Hortic. 432:368, 1996. (4) J. Th. J. Verhoeven and J. W. Roenhorst. Acta Hortic. 377:175, 1994.

scholarly journals The Induction of an Effective dsRNA-Mediated Resistance Against Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus by Exogenous Application of Double-Stranded RNA Largely Depends on the Selection of the Viral RNA Target Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Tabein ◽  
Marco Jansen ◽  
Emanuela Noris ◽  
Anna Maria Vaira ◽  
Daniele Marian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Negative Sense

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a devastating plant pathogen, causing huge crop losses worldwide. Unfortunately, due to its wide host range and emergence of resistance breaking strains, its management is challenging. Up to now, resistance to TSWV infection based on RNA interference (RNAi) has been achieved only in transgenic plants expressing parts of the viral genome or artificial microRNAs targeting it. Exogenous application of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) for inducing virus resistance in plants, namely RNAi-based vaccination, represents an attractive and promising alternative, already shown to be effective against different positive-sense RNA viruses and viroids. In the present study, the protection efficacy of exogenous application of dsRNAs targeting the nucleocapsid (N) or the movement protein (NSm) coding genes of the negative-sense RNA virus TSWV was evaluated in Nicotiana benthamiana as model plant and in tomato as economically important crop. Most of the plants treated with N-targeting dsRNAs, but not with NSm-targeting dsRNAs, remained asymptomatic until 40 (N. benthamiana) and 63 (tomato) dpi, while the remaining ones showed a significant delay in systemic symptoms appearance. The different efficacy of N- and NSm-targeting dsRNAs in protecting plants is discussed in the light of their processing, mobility and biological role. These results indicate that the RNAi-based vaccination is effective also against negative-sense RNA viruses but emphasize that the choice of the target viral sequence in designing RNAi-based vaccines is crucial for its success.

scholarly journals Importance and epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus

Biljni lekar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Marina Ćuk ◽  
Zagorka Savić ◽  
Renata Iličić ◽  
Ferenc Bagi
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tospovirus. It has a polyphagous character and infects a wide range of very significant agricultural crops. Vectors of viruses are insects from order Thysanoptera (Thripidae) and till know eight species are known to transmit tospoviruses of which Frankliniella occidentalis is considered to be economically most important vector. TSWV is transmitted by thrips in a persistent and propagative manner. Relationship between vector and TSWV is very specific because vectors acquire the virus in the larval stages, while imago plays a key role in transmission of the virus. TSWV causes wide range of symptoms depending on host plant, external environmental conditions and type of viruses. In addition to affecting the fruit quality of cultivated crops, greatly reduces the yield to agricultural producers. Tomato is the most commonly attacked by TSWV, and after the symptoms manifested on leaves in the form of a bronze color, the virus was name. Protection of agricultural crops is very challenging and difficult due to wide distribution of viruse vectors, their hidden way of life as well as wide range of TSWV hosts.

scholarly journals First Report of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Potatoes in Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pourrahim ◽  
Sh. Farzadfar ◽  
A. A. Moini ◽  
N. Shahraeen ◽  
A. Ahoonmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Systemic Necrosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Severe leaf and stem necrosis before flowering was observed in potato (Solanum tuberosum) fields of Firouzkoh Province, Iran, during the summer of 1998. Infected plants died before the end of the growing season. Necrosis was more severe in cv. Agria than in cvs. Ajaxs and Arinda. A high population of Thrips tabaci was observed in August and September. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (1) was detected in affected potatoes by using specific TSWV-IgG (from Bioreba) in double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and by indicator plant reactions. Mechanical inoculation of indicator plants with leaf extracts of symptomatic potatoes produce necrotic local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa, C. amaranticolor, Gomphrena globosa, Vicia faba, Vigna sinensis, Phaseolus aureus var. Gohar, P. vulgaris, and Petunia hybrida. The virus caused systemic necrosis in Capsicum frutescens, Datura stramonium, D. metel, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. rustica, and Trapaeolum majus, preceded by systemic chlorotic spots. TSWV was reported from ornamental crops in Tehran and Absard areas near to Firouzkoh province (2), but this is the first report of TSWV occurrence on potatoes in Iran. References: (1) T. S. Ie. Descriptions of Plant Viruses. No. 39, 1970. (2) A. A. Moeini, et al. Iran. J. Plant Pathol. (In press.)

scholarly journals Multiplication of tomato spotted wilt virus in its insect vector, Frankliniella occidentalis

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wijkamp ◽  
J. van Lent ◽  
R. Kormelink ◽  
R. Goldbach ◽  
D. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals Molecular Co-Chaperone SGT1 Is Critical for Cell-to-Cell Movement and Systemic Infection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qian ◽  
Qing Xiang ◽  
Tongqing Yang ◽  
Hongyu Ma ◽  
Xin Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tospovirus is a tripartite negative stranded RNA virus and is considered as one of the most devastating plant viruses. Successful virus infection in plant requires many host factors. To date, very few host factors have been identified as important in Tospovirus infection in plants. We reported earlier that NSm protein encoded by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a type species of the genus Orthotospovirus, plays critical roles in viral cell-to-cell and long-distance movement. In this study, we determined that molecular co-chaperone NbSGT1 interacted with TSWV NSm in Nicotiana benthamiana. TSWV infection significantly upregulated the expression of NbSGT1 gene and transient overexpression of NbSGT1 in N. benthamiana leaves accelerated TSWV infection. In contrast, silencing the NbSGT1 gene expression using a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach strongly inhibited TSWV NSm cell-to-cell movement, as well as TSWV local and systemic infection in N. benthamiana plants. Furthermore, NbSGT1 was found to regulate the infection of both American and Euro/Asia type tospoviruses in N. benthamiana plant. Collectively, our findings presented in this paper and the results published previously indicated that molecular co-chaperone NbSGT1 plays important roles in modulating both positive stranded and tripartite negative stranded RNA virus infection in plants.

scholarly journals Tomato spotted wilt virus: One of the most destructive plant viruses

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Krstic ◽  
Aleksandra Bulajic ◽  
Ivana Djekic ◽  
Janos Berenji
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
The World ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has one of the largest host ranges among plant viruses and is widespread in all climates. TSWV is responsible for numerous epidemics in many parts of the world in different crops, mainly vegetables, tobacco and ornamentals. Its highly polyphagous nature, effectiveness of virus transmission by the thrips as its vectors, rapidity with which new variants arise, as well as difficulties in controlling the vectors make TSWV one of the most dangerous plant viruses. The ability of this virus to cause such severe losses on a broad range of crops, as well as its intriguing biological and molecular characteristics place TSWV amongst the most extensively studied plant viruses in the world at present. This paper provides a general overview of TSWV, encompassing all the major aspects of its biology and current knowledge on host range, symptomatology, molecular biology, vector relationship, control and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Population Genetic Analysis of Tomato spotted wilt virus on Peanut in North Carolina and Virginia

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Kaye ◽  
J. W. Moyer ◽  
E. J. Parks ◽  
I. Carbone ◽  
M. A. Cubeta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Exploring the genetic diversity and evolutionary history of plant viruses is critical to understanding their ecology and epidemiology. In this study, maximum-likelihood and population genetics-based methods were used to investigate the population structure, genetic diversity, and sources of genetic variation in field isolates of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) from peanut in North Carolina and Virginia. Selected regions of the nucleocapsid, movement, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes were amplified and sequenced to identify haplotypes and infer genetic relationships between isolates of TSWV with heuristic methods. The haplotype structure of each locus consisted of 1 or 2 predominant haplotypes and >100 haplotypes represented by a single isolate. No specific haplotypes were associated with geographic area, peanut cultivar, or year of isolation. The population was panmictic at the regional level and high levels of genetic diversity were observed among isolates. There was evidence for positive selection on single amino acids in each gene on a background of predominant purifying selection acting upon each locus. The results of compatibility analyses and the persistence of specific gene sequences in isolates collected over three field seasons suggest that recombination was occurring in the population. Estimates of the population mutation rate suggest that mutation has had a significant effect on the shaping of this population and, together with purifying selection, these forces have been the predominant evolutionary forces influencing the TSWV population in peanut in North Carolina and Virginia.

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