Chapter 2. Visual experience of the road for safe driving

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-95
Author(s):  
Danièle Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road

DINAMICS OF THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF THE SAFE DRIVING ATTITUDE OF NOVICE DRIVERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Т.В. Кочетова ◽  
А.В. Погодина ◽  
М.А. Харченко
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
First Year ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
The Social

В настоящей статье представлены результаты экспериментального исследования динамики когнитивного компо- нента социальной установки начинающих водителей. Приведены данные анализа психометрических показателей, характеризую- щих уровень осведомленности о факторах риска дорожно-транспортной среды, – вождение в нетрезвом состоянии и скоростное вождение. Показано, как дополнительные знания об этих факторах риска приводят к изменению установки на безопасное вождение и в дальнейшем могут обусловливать количество реальных нарушений правил дорожного движения в течение первого года стажа водительскойдеятельности. This article presents the results of an experimental research of the dynamics of the cognitive component of the social attitudes of novice drivers. The data of the analysis presents the psychometric indicators that characterized of knowledge about the risk factors of the road safety – drunk driving and speeding driving. This research shows how additional knowledge about these risk factors leads to a change in the social attitude towards safe driving and can determine the number of the violations of the traffic rules during the first year of driving experience.

Road Parameter-Based Driver Assistance System for Safe Driving

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Sai Charan Addanki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Driver Assistance System ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lane Tracking ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Type Classification

One of the key aspects of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is ensuring the safety of the driver by maintaining a safe drivable speed. Overspeeding is one of the critical factors for accidents and vehicle rollovers, especially at road turns. This article aims to propose a driver assistance system for safe driving on Indian roads. In this regard, a camera-based classification of the road type combined with the road curvature estimation helps the driver to maintain a safe drivable speed primarily at road curves. Three Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models viz. Inception-v3, ResNet-50, and VGG-16 are being used for the task of road type classification. In this regard, the models are validated using a self-created dataset of Indian roads and an optimal performance of 83.2% correct classification is observed. For the calculation of road curvature, a lane tracking algorithm is used to estimate the curve radius of a structured road. The road type classification and the estimated road curvature values are given as inputs to a simulation-based model, CARSIM (vehicle road simulator to estimate the drivable speed). The recommended speed is then compared and analyzed with the actual speeds obtained from subjective tests.

CASA: An Alternative Smartphone-Based ADAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Manolo Dulva Hina ◽  
Hongyu Guan ◽  
Assia Soukane ◽  
Amar Ramdane-Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Assistance ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Driving Assistance System

Advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) is an electronic system that helps the driver navigate roads safely. A typical ADAS, however, is suited to specific brands of vehicle and, due to proprietary restrictions, has non-extendable features. Project CASA is an alternative, low-cost generic ADAS. It is an app deployable on smartphone or tablet. The real-time data needed by the app to make sense of its environment are stored in the vehicle or on the cloud, and are accessible as web services. They are used to determine the current driving context, and, if needed, decide actions to prevent an accident or keep road navigation safe. Project CASA is an undertaking of a consortium of industrial and academic partners. A use case scenario is tested in the laboratory (virtual) and on the road (actual) to validate the appropriateness of CASA. It is a contribution to safe driving. CASA’s contribution also lies in its approach in the semantic modeling of the context of the environment, the vehicle and the driver, and on the modeling of rules for fusion of data and fission process yielding an action to be implemented. In addition, CASA proposes a secured means of transmitting data using light, via light fidelity (LiFi), itself an alternative means of wireless vehicle–smartphone communication.

scholarly journals Factors increasing safety of the disabled road users

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Monika Ucińska ◽  
Ewa Odachowska
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
World Health ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The World ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Health Organization

A report by the World Health Organization indicates that over one billion people in the world are affected by some form of disability or have limited fitness, and 200 million have difficulties in functioning [1]. In Poland, according to the statistics, there are 7.5 million people with functional limitations, including almost 2.5 million those in a significant degree [2]. Many people with different dysfunctions drive vehicles, among this group there are also older people, who, with age experience the reduction of many functions affecting the safe driving of the vehicle. To assess some factors increasing the safety of disabled participants in the road traffic, selected psychomotor aspects have been verified. This article presents analyses related to determining the capabilities of people with disabilities depending on whether the disability was congenital or acquired. These drivers were also compared with non-disabled road users. Psychomotor performance was checked using the DTS (Driver Test Station) device. It was noticed that people with acquired disability do better in the majority of tests measuring both pressure forces and reactions of particular limbs in comparison with people with a congenital disability. The research presented sets the direction for further explorations, mainly due to the small group of respondents, but they can nevertheless form the basis for further hypotheses and their verification.

scholarly journals THE ROAD TO ACCEPTANCE OF DRIVER RETIREMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA: PHYSICIANS’ AND PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S117-S117
Author(s):  
Theresa L Scott ◽  
Jacki Liddle ◽  
Nancy A Pachana ◽  
Elizabeth Beattie ◽  
Geoffrey Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Current System ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Abstract People living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) must eventually stop driving. While some will voluntarily retire, many others will continue to drive until a crisis. In Australia, like many other countries, general physicians/practitioners (“GPs”) play a key role in monitoring driving safety and driver retirement with their patients with ADRD. Advising patients about driving cessation is one of the most challenging aspects of clinical dementia care, complicated by limited time in consultations, lack of patient awareness and insight, and objective screening and assessment measures. We examined how to support best practice in relation to management of driving cessation with patients with ADRD through focus groups with 29 GPs and contrasted their perspectives with those of 11 retired drivers with ADRD. Focus groups and interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Themes discovered highlighted the importance of providing education about the effects of dementia on safe driving and incorporating regular assessment of driving safety into the care continuum. Key strategies that GPs successfully employed included acknowledging loss and encouraging continued community engagement, providing referral pathways, and deferring to other GPs within the practice in challenging circumstances. In conclusion, there is demand for an overhaul of the current system of management and a need to establish nationally aligned, standardized and evidence-based guidelines, in particular relating to assessment of safe driving. In the meantime, we can learn from these GPs who have implemented particular strategies that mitigate some of the challenges and complex driving related issues that present in primary care.

scholarly journals Road Segmentation using Semantic Segmentation Networks for ADAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1740-1743
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Segmentation Result ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Road Segmentation

In this paper, we propose a method to automatically segment the road area from the input road images to support safe driving of autonomous vehicles. In the proposed method, the semantic segmentation network (SSN) is trained by using the deep learning method and the road area is segmented by utilizing the SSN. The SSN uses the weights initialized from the VGC-16 network to create the SegNet network. In order to fast the learning time and to obtain results, the class is simplified and learned so that it can be divided into two classes as the road area and the non-road area in the trained SegNet CNN network. In order to improve the accuracy of the road segmentation result, the boundary line of the road region with the straight-line component is detected through the Hough transform and the result is shown by dividing the accurate road region by combining with the segmentation result of the SSN. The proposed method can be applied to safe driving support by autonomously driving the autonomous vehicle by automatically classifying the road area during operation and applying it to the road area departure warning system

scholarly journals Efficient Vanishing Point Detection for Driving Assistance Based on Visual Saliency Map and Image Segmentation from a Vehicle Black-Box Camera

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
JongBae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Saliency Map ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Vanishing Point ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Feature Information

Techniques for detecting a vanishing point (VP) which estimates the direction of a vehicle by analyzing its relationship with surrounding objects have gained considerable attention recently. VPs can be used to support safe vehicle driving in areas such as for autonomous driving, lane-departure avoidance, distance estimation, and road-area detection, by detecting points in which parallel extension lines of objects are concentrated at a single point in a 3D space. In this paper, we proposed a method of detecting the VP in real time for applications to intelligent safe-driving support systems. In order to support safe driving of autonomous vehicles, it is necessary to drive the vehicle with the VP in center of the road image in order to prevent the vehicle from moving out of the road area while driving. Accordingly, in order to detect the VP in the road image, a method of detecting a point where straight lines intersect in an area where edge directional feature information is concentrated is required. The visual attention model and image segmentation process are applied to quickly identify candidate VPs in the area where the edge directional feature-information is concentrated and the intensity contrast difference is large. In the proposed method, VPs are detected by analyzing the edges, visual-attention regions, linear components using the Hough transform, and image segmentation results in an input image. Our experimental results have shown that the proposed method could be applied to safe-driving support systems.

Using the Law of “Three Points and Two Sections” to Reduce the Risk of Vehicle Collisions

2011 ◽  
Vol 299-300 ◽  
pp. 1283-1286
Author(s):  
Yang Shan Tang ◽  
Li Ying Wang ◽  
Chuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
The Law ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies the traffic accident prevention rules of “three points and two sections”, according to a series of dynamic environmental factors such as road conditions, traffic conditions, weather and so on, the safe distance of driving vehicles on the road sections is determined. After establishing a certain relationship between the law of “three points and two sections” and the safe distance of driving vehicles, use the relationship to indicate that the range of safe driving distance between vehicles, and propose some reasonable and appropriate measures for such problems to reduce the risk of vehicle collisions.

Teenage Drivers’ Understanding of Traffic Control Devices

2000 ◽  
Vol 1708 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry L. Ford ◽  
Dale L. Picha
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Driver Education ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Pavement Markings ◽  
The Road ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Traffic Control Devices ◽  
Teenage Drivers

Teenage drivers are involved in traffic crashes more often than any other driver group, and their fundamental knowledge of traffic control devices and rules of the road is extremely important in safe driving. Only limited data exist, however, on teenage drivers’ understanding of traffic control devices, and little research has been done on determining their comprehension thereof. Research was performed to document teenage drivers’ ability to understand 53 traffic control devices. These traffic control devices included 6 combinations of sign shape and color; 8 regulatory signs; 14 warning signs; 7 school, highway–railroad grade crossing, and construction warning signs; 7 pavement markings; and 11 traffic signals. Research results were then compared with previous comprehension studies to identify specific traffic control devices that the driving public continually misunderstands. In general, the results indicated that surveyed teenage drivers understood the traffic control devices to some degree. Only nine devices were understood by more than 80 percent of the respondents. The devices found problematic to teenage drivers include combinations of sign shape and color, warning-symbol signs, white pavement markings, flashing intersection beacons, and circular red/green arrow left-turn-signal displays. Recommendations include revising states’ drivers handbooks and increasing emphasis in the driver education curriculum to clarify the meaning and intent of problematic traffic control devices.

scholarly journals Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dawn Jourdan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Visual Inputs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sign Type ◽  
Interior Environments

The second issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal of Signage and Wayfinding is dedicated to the topic of visibility. As simply put by the Texas Transportation Institute: Seeing the road and everything around it while driving is not a preferred option, rather it is an essential component of safe driving. Driving is a visual activity, and as we make our way down a road, we all look at a wide range of visual inputs - the roadway, the surrounding terrain, other vehicles, roadside buildings and advertisements and traffic control devices such as signs, markings, and signals - to help us get where we are going. How we distinguish those visual inputs and maneuver the vehicle safely varies from person to person and can depend on quite a number of random, uncontrollable things - the weather, time of day, driver age, health and experience, as well as unexpected distractions inside or outside the vehicle - all can have an effect.https://tti.tamu.edu/group/visibility/, last visited 6/12/17. As businesses know, their businesses must be visible to be viable. Clear signage enhances their visibility in the marketplace. Regardless of sign type or intended audience, being able to see and read the message on a sign is critical. In this issue of the International Journal of Signage and Wayfinding, Bullough explores the literature on visibility as it relates to the conspicuity and legibility of signage. This article provides contexts for what we know about the typographic and symbolic characteristics of signs, as well as the environments in which they are placed. Pedestrians rely on signs to help them navigate exterior and interior environments. Apardian and Alum demonstrate the importance of different high-visibility pedestrian warning signs at midblock crossings for pedestrian safety. Symonds explores the importance of clear wayfinding strategies inside airports while Ward and his students provides an analysis of the critical wayfinding elements on college campuses. Visibility is also critical for motorists as they traverse US roadways. Auffrey and Hilderbrant provide an accounting of the lost opportunities of those businesses whose signs cannot be viewed by passersby. Utilizing 3M's Visual Analysis Software, the researchers demonstrate the average probability that a sign is being viewed by motorists and make recommendations for improving visibility.  

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