scholarly journals Factors increasing safety of the disabled road users

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Monika Ucińska ◽  
Ewa Odachowska
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
World Health ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The World ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Health Organization

A report by the World Health Organization indicates that over one billion people in the world are affected by some form of disability or have limited fitness, and 200 million have difficulties in functioning [1]. In Poland, according to the statistics, there are 7.5 million people with functional limitations, including almost 2.5 million those in a significant degree [2]. Many people with different dysfunctions drive vehicles, among this group there are also older people, who, with age experience the reduction of many functions affecting the safe driving of the vehicle. To assess some factors increasing the safety of disabled participants in the road traffic, selected psychomotor aspects have been verified. This article presents analyses related to determining the capabilities of people with disabilities depending on whether the disability was congenital or acquired. These drivers were also compared with non-disabled road users. Psychomotor performance was checked using the DTS (Driver Test Station) device. It was noticed that people with acquired disability do better in the majority of tests measuring both pressure forces and reactions of particular limbs in comparison with people with a congenital disability. The research presented sets the direction for further explorations, mainly due to the small group of respondents, but they can nevertheless form the basis for further hypotheses and their verification.

scholarly journals Pedestrians’ Injury Severity in Traffic Accidents in Spain: A Pedestrian Actions Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6439
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Febres ◽  
Miguel Ángel Mariscal ◽  
Sixto Herrera ◽  
Susana García-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Unsafe Behavior ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents are currently between the seventh and tenth leading cause of death in the world, with approximately 1.35 million people killed per year. Despite extensive efforts by governments, according to the World Health Organization, road accidents still cause far too many deaths, especially among pedestrians, cyclists and two-wheel motor vehicle riders, who together account for almost 50% of road traffic fatalities. In particular, Spain had 410,974 traffic accidents between 2016 and 2019, involving 722,516 vehicles and 61,177 pedestrians with varying degrees of injury. This study uses the Bayesian network method to understand how the pedestrians’ responsibility and actions at the time of the traffic accident affect the injury suffered by said pedestrian, also considering the variables of the road infrastructure and vehicles at the accident site. The results confirm that the variables linked to the unsafe behavior of pedestrians, and their responsibility in traffic accidents, increase the risk of suffering serious or fatal injuries during an accident; for example, if a pedestrian is distracted this increases his/her probability of suffering a severe injury (27.86%) with respect to not being distracted (20.73%). Conditions related to traffic in high-speed areas, areas with no or poor lighting, and areas lacking sidewalks, also record increases in pedestrian injury, as is the case in the age group of pedestrians over 60 years of age.

scholarly journals A Study on Road Safety for the Visually Challenged – Policy Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Asha Bhatia ◽  
Sanjwani Jayant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Visually Challenged ◽  
Correct Technique ◽  
Health Organization

There is an increase in number of accidents, injuries and deaths due to a rise in motor vehicle population. India is a signatory of the Brasilia Declaration with an agenda to reduce the number of accidents by 50% by the year 2020, yet it can be observed that the incidents of accidents have not decreased. There were 285 million visually impaired people in the world, of which 246 million had low vision and 39 million were blind as per the World Health Organization report (2012). It is alarming to note that around 90% of the blind live in the developing world. They are constantly dealing with challenges in their day to day life. Commuting by roads is all the more unsafe for these visually challenged pedestrians. This unique study has conducted an in depth interview to understand the needs and problems faced by the visually challenged pedestrians, followed by a primary survey on World White Cane Day to judge the extent of awareness of the correct technique. The appropriate techniques were then demonstrated to the general public, thus creating awareness and the behavioral changes needed in this endeavor. The paper has used a theoretical concept and practically suggests policy implication for empowering the disabled through awareness drives and collaborating with various government agencies.

scholarly journals The Road to Healthy Ageing: What Has Indonesia Achieved So Far?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3441
Author(s):  
Ray Wagiu Basrowi ◽  
Endang Mariani Rahayu ◽  
Levina Chandra Khoe ◽  
Erika Wasito ◽  
Tonny Sundjaya
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) has projected that the world should prepare for an aging society. As the fourth most populous country in the world, the elderly population in Indonesia is also continuously growing. In 2010, the proportion of the elderly group was merely 5%, and it is expected to increase to 11% in 2035. Understanding the current situation of the adult population in Indonesia would be crucial to prepare for the future aging population. This article analyzed the current socio-demographic status, nutrition status, nutrient intake, and health profile of the current Indonesian adult population through a literature review. The key issues to prepare for healthy aging in Indonesia are summarized. Acknowledging the profile of the adult and senior adult population in Indonesia will provide beneficial information for all stakeholders in preparing Indonesia for a better healthy aging population with improved quality of life.

scholarly journals Burden of Surgical Disease: Strategies to Manage an Existing Public Health Emergency

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S2) ◽  
pp. s228-s231 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Kelly McQueen ◽  
Parveen Parmar ◽  
Mamata Kene ◽  
Sam Broaddus ◽  
Kathleen Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Traffic Incidents ◽  
Humanitarian Action ◽  
Surgical Disease ◽  
Humanitarian Crises ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe World Health Organization estimates that the burden of surgical disease due to war, self-inflicted injuries, and road traffic incidents will rise dramatically by 2020. During the 2009 Harvard Humanitarian Initiative's Humanitarian Action Summit (HHI/HAS), members of the Burden of Surgical Disease Working Group met to review the state of surgical epidemiology, the unmet global surgical need, and the role international organizations play in filling the surgical gap during humanitarian crises, conflict, and war. An outline of the group's findings and recommendations is provided.

scholarly journals Improving Pre-hospital Care of Road Traffic Accident's Victims with Smartphone Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Abdellah ◽  
Majed M. Aborokbah ◽  
Abbdelrahman Osman Elfaki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Health Organization

<p class="0abstract">One of the most causes to lose millions of lives around the world is Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). According to the world health organization (WHO) report, 1.25 million people are killed each year as a result of RTAs, 20 to 50 million people were injured, and the number of killed people by RTAs is expected to increase further by 2020. The recent studies conclude that patient survival during a health emergency situation depends on the effective pre-hospital healthcare services, while the effective communication between the paramedics and prehospital staff is one of the important healthcare success factors. With the rapid growing of information and communication technology (ICT), wireless technologies and mobile services can provide viable solution to overcome the pre-hospital healthcare problems. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of prehospital emergency healthcare services at KSA by developing and implementing a mobile based emergency system. The proposed application is moving the diagnosis time to be started during traveling time witch accelerate the treatment. The proposed system shows satisfactory results in term of effectiveness and satisfaction</p>

scholarly journals Children road traffic injuries in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Goniewicz ◽  
Mariusz Goniewicz ◽  
Witold Pawłowski ◽  
Piotr Fiedor
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractRoad traffic injuries are the leading cause of child mortality in Poland, resulting in more deaths than cancer or birth defects. We present the main problems of road safety and the nature of the causes and consequences of accidents among children based on the World Health Organization Report. Children injuries are one of the main problems in modern medicine requiring vigorous and preventive actions. Children of all ages should be intensively involved in the educational activities related to road safety. Raising awareness concerning the risks associated with children’s participation in traffic as well as the awareness of parents and carers can greatly reduce the number of accidents.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

scholarly journals The Air Quality during the Confinement and Coronavirus 2020–2021 Period: The Case of Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Abderrazak Arif
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

At the end of 2019, the first case of coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China. A month later, that epidemic turned into a national crisis, with infected individuals diagnosed all over China. In early March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the Wuhan epidemic had turned into a global pandemic. Many European countries had started to experience several cases affected by this coronavirus, which was known to be highly contagious. The WHO launched several recommendations to curb the spread of this virus and called for general confinement establishment in the affected countries. Tunisia quickly took this step on 22 March 2020 and announced immediate general confinement for two weeks, renewable according to the test results. Factories were closed to limit human damage. International flights were halted and the majority of government and private services were halted except minimum and emergency services. Following these successive events, the air quality improved markedly during the confinement period. NASA scientists say the reduction in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution first appeared near Wuhan, Northern Italy, and France, and they experienced a reduction of nearly 50% of their NO2 emissions during this first confinement period (March–April 2020); NO2 emissions were reduced by almost 30% in China. In Tunisia, NO2, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) showed a remarkable decrease in the north and the center of Tunisia of more than 40% during this period, mainly linked to the reduction in emissions from road traffic and industries. Additionally, these pollutant gas concentrations were reduced by nearly 50% during the third pandemic wave, during the period of January–April 2021. Consequently, the air quality has improved significantly in Tunisia and around the world.

scholarly journals Research of the current Egyptian roads service facilities placement condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Iryna Tkachenko ◽  
Tetyana Lytvynenko ◽  
Volodymyr Ilchenko ◽  
Mohamed Elgandour
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World

The state and provision level of road traffic participants to the objects of service on Egypt highways have been analysed. Ingeneral, there are a number of significant shortcomings regarding the systematic approach in justifying and standardizing thedistances of the road services location, considering the requirements of road users. With the help of Google Earth and realsurvey, the current status of the service objects along the Egypt highways and in foreign countries of the world has been surveyed.The obtained data show that service facilities are unevenly located in Egypt, often do not meet normative requirementsand are not characterized by complexity. Instead, in foreign countries there is even more distribution of complex servicefacilities along highways, all service facilities has transition-high-speed bands and the vast majority have separate congresses.

scholarly journals Motorcycle Conspicuity Issues and Intervention: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Syukri ABDUL KHALID ◽  
Nor Kamaliana KHAMIS ◽  
Mohd Radzi ABU MANSOR ◽  
Azhar HAMZAH
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Brake Light ◽  
The World ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Background: Conspicuity has been one of the key factors in motorcycle road crashes around the world. The inability and difficulty of other road users in detecting motorcycles either at day or at night have contributed to conspicuity related motorcycle crashes. This literature review attempts to understand the motorcycle conspicuity issues in road traffic. The review also analyses relevant types of conspicuity intervention in terms of its effectiveness in enhancing motorcycle conspicuity that had been discussed in past studies. Methods: Using specific keywords and search terms, relevant articles were screened, identified and analyzed systematically using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Twenty-seven final articles were reviewed and found that almost every part of motorcycle and motorcyclist’s conspicuity intervention have been covered in past studies. In terms of conspicuity aids, the majority of past studies discussed conspicuity enhancement in the frontal area, particularly on motorcycle daytime running headlight (DRH) color and configurations. Few other studies have discussed in other areas, particularly on rear running and brake light and motorcycle color. There were also numerous studies looking at motorcyclists’ appearances in terms of their attire and helmet color. Conclusion: Motorcycle and motorcyclist’s appearances are highly associated with the risk of motorcycle crashes. The most important part of enhancing motorcycle conspicuity is to ensure motorcycle appearance is always in contrast with the road traffic environment.

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