scholarly journals Linguistic and social factors in Turkish-Dutch contact across generations

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesim Sevinc
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
Structural Levels

There are certain differences between Turkish as spoken in the Netherlands (NL-Turkish) and Turkish as spoken in Turkey (TR-Turkish). These differences concern issues of linguistic variation and change in immigrant communities and seem to be closely related to social, emotional and linguistic aspects of contact situations. Considering the fact that in a contact situation the social and linguistic relationships are crucial for the outcome of language change, this paper first examines the social values that three different generations give to the language and culture of their host and home communities; then, it discusses the linguistic consequences on the lexical and structural levels of NL-Turkish. The principal conclusion is that possible language shift in the third generation leads to intensive contact with Dutch language and culture, provokes the linguistic factors and, therefore, causes the lexical and structural changes in NL-Turkish.

Sociological Analysis of Labor and Intellectual Migration of Young People in the Knowledge Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
E. М. Hayrapetyan ◽  
N. N. Pokrovskaia ◽  
A. B. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Migration Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communication Difficulties

Fundamental sociological theories of migration study reveal the motives for an individual’s and households’ making decision to migrate, as well as the social factors and consequences of the unfolding of migration processes. Structural changes taking place in society caused by both the innovative nature of economic growth as a whole and the digitalization and expansion of information and telecommunications technologies imply the perception of the phenomenon of migration not only as a territorial movement of the population in space for a long period. Digitalization and development of remote forms of work, in particular, reduces the need for physical concentration of human resources, which allows people to choose the most comfortable places to live. Special attention is paid to the Diaspora, which is one of the important tools for solving communication difficulties. The sociological analysis of migration processes in Armenia illustrates the application of the main concepts, in particular, networked migration and reliance on the Diaspora.

Language change across a lifetime: A historical micro-perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bergs
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
Micro Analysis

Abstract This paper focuses on the micro-analysis of historical data, which allows us to investigate language use across the lifetime of individual speakers. Certain concepts, such as social network analysis or communities of practice, put individual speakers and their social embeddedness and dynamicity at the center of attention. This means that intra-speaker variation can be described and analyzed in quite some detail in certain historical data sets. The paper presents some exemplary empirical analyses of the diachronic linguistic behavior of individual speakers/writers in fifteenth to seventeenth century England. It discusses the social factors that influence this behavior, with an emphasis on the methodological and theoretical challenges and opportunities when investigating intra-speaker variation and change.

scholarly journals THE SPEECH FORM OF PROVERBS AND RIDDLES IN CHISHONA UNDER SIEGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
C Rwodzi
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Representative Samples

Proverbs and riddles are representative samples of any African language’s rich tapestry. They form the distilled wisdom of a nation or ethnic group. Proverbs and riddles as parts of speech, form the curriculum of the social traditional higher education for transmission and practice of a nation’s values, beliefs, knowledge system and legislative framework. This article seeks to explore the threats and consequences of language change and development befalling the continued use of proverbs and riddles in everyday human speech communication by the current generation. Technological development, migration across boundaries, social change necessitated by improved infrastructure and communication networks has become agents of language and culture change. The change has perpetuated the gradual disuse of proverbs in modern interactive speech.

scholarly journals Livonian social networks and language shift

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Network Centrality ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
In The Beginning

This article presents a study of Livonian social networks in the beginning of the 20th century during a time of language shift. In this study, I examine whether the Livonian communities were experiencing a language shift irrespective of the population displacements during the two World Wars, which has often been given as the main reason for the Livonian language shift to Latvian. I apply the Network Strength Scale to examine if social network centrality played a role in the language shift. The study focuses on the Livonian villages of Vaid and Sīkrõg and social factors relevant to the mapping of the social network are taken from Edgar Vaalgamaa’s survey in 1935–1937. The results indicate that generational differences played a more important role than centrality in the social network in determining Latvian influence.Kokkuvõte. Patrick O’Rourke: Liivi keele sotsiaalsed võrgustikud ja keele vahetus. Artikkel tutvustab uurimust Kuramaa liivlaste sotsiaalsetest võrgustikest 20. sajandi esimesel poolel, kui keelevahetus liivi keelelt läti keelele oli juba alanud. Autor vaatleb, kuivõrd liivi kogukondades sõltus keelevahetus kahe maailmasõja aegsest elanikkonna deporteerimisest, mida on tavaliselt peetud keelevahetuse põhjuseks. Rakendatakse suhtlusvõrgustike tugevuse analüüsi, et selgitada, kas isiku keskne asend sotsiaalses võrgustikus oli keelevahetuse jaoks oluline. Uurimus keskendub liivi küladele Vaid ja Sīkrõg. Sotsiaalsete võrgustike kaardistamiseks on valitud olulised tegurid Edgar Vaalgamaa poolt aastatel 1935–1937 läbi viidud küsitluse põhjal. Tulemused näitavad, et läti keele mõju ulatus sõltub rohkem põlvkondlikest erinevustest kui isiku asendist sotsiaalses võrgustikus. Artikkel põhineb autori magistritööl, mis on kaitstud 2016. aastal Yorki Ülikoolis.Märksõnad: ajalooline lingvistika, sotsiolingvistika, sotsiaalsed võrgustikud, keelevahetus, liivi keelKubbõvõttõks. Patrick O’Rourke: Līvõ kīel sotsiālizt võrgõd ja kīel vaidimi. Kēra tuņšlõb Kurāmō līvõd sotsiāliži võrgidi 20. āigastsadā ežmizõs pūolsõ, ku vȯļ irgõn līvõ kīel vaidimi lețkīelkõks. Kēratiji vaņțlõb, kui ulzõ ajjimi kōd mōilmasuodā āigal mȯjīz kīel vaidimiz līvõd kubgõņis. Sīe pierāst um kõlbātõd rovst võrgõd viššit analīz. Analīz abkõks um seļțõd, või se, ku rištīngõn um vȯnd sidāmi kūož sotsiālizt võrgõd sizāl, um vȯnd ka tǟdzi kīel vaidimiz āigal. Tuņšlimizõs amā jemīņ ātõ vaņțõltõd līvõd kilād Vaid ja Sīkrõg. Sotsiālizt võrgõd tǟtimiz pierāst um kȭlbatõd Edgar Vālgamō 1935.–1937. āigast tīedõd rovkizzimi. Tuņšlimi nägțõb, ku lețkīel mȯjjimi jemīņ um sidtõd sugkazāmõks, äbku rištīng kūožõks sotsiālizt võrgõd sizāl. Kēra alīzõks um kēratijiz magistõrtīe, mis um kaitstõd 2016. āigasts York Iļīzskūols.

scholarly journals Who changes language? Bilingualism and structural change in Burma and the Reef Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åshild Næss ◽  
Mathias Jenny
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Contact Language ◽  
Reef Islands ◽  
Contact Situation

AbstractIn this paper we discuss two cases of contact-induced language change where lexical and grammatical borrowing appear to have gone in opposite directions: one language has borrowed large amounts of vocabulary from another while at the same time being the source of structural borrowings into the other language. Furthermore, it appears in both cases that the structural borrowing has come about through bilingualism in L1 speakers of the source language, while L1 speakers of the language undergoing the structural change are largely monolingual. We propose that these two unusual factors are not unrelated, but that the latter is the cause of the former: Under circumstances where the numerically much smaller language in a contact situation is the contact language, the L2 speakers' variety, influenced by their L1, may spread into the monolingual community. e lexical borrowing naturally happens from the bilingual speakers' L2 into their L1, resulting in opposite directions of lexical and structural borrowing. Similar processes have been described in cases of language shift, but we show that it may take place even in situations where shift does not occur.

scholarly journals The lexical borrowing in Palestinian colloquial Arabic

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael F. M. Hijjo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Social ◽  
Colloquial Arabic ◽  
The Gaza Strip

The paper aimed to determine the social factors responsible for the variable use of [g], [k] and the prestigious [ʔ] in the Colloquial Arabic of the Gaza Strip women. These variables are of interest because they each have one variant that coincides with al-Fussha Arabic; which is the standard /q/. Towards this end, a quantitative study was carried out to examine the frequency of each sound in the naturally occurring speech of a sample of eight female participants belonging to families, six of whom have migrated from the occupied Palestine in year of 1948 and the other two are citizens of the Gaza Strip, where [g] is socially dominant, to the Gaza city. The findings suggest that younger generation shift from [g] or [kshift to the prestigious form [ʔ] to show prestige in the society. Thus the variable use of the original sound [g] in Gaza city could be a language shift.

at.óow OR l s'aatí át?: Language revitalization, cultural creation, and the tlingit Macbeth

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-29
Author(s):  
Matteo A. Pangallo
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Language Revitalization ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Recovery

This essay considers a production of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, produced by Alaska’s Perseverance Theatre at the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian in March 2007, in which the construction of a new cultural product—a Macbeth translated into the social and linguistic setting of a pre-contact Tlingit society—was claimed as part of a process of language revitalization for the endangered Tlingit language. Perseverance’s Macbeth demonstrated that language recovery might be attainable through importing an iconic text from an hegemonic language and culture and claiming it for the threatened language. At the same time, Perseverance had to confront the possibility that their project could be viewed as a colonizing activity. This inquiry examines several translational tactics the production employed, with the goal of considering the project as one potential methodology for generating linguistic life for an endangered language and reversing language shift. In addition, the study considers how translational comparison at the cultural level demonstrates how the Tlingit Macbeth operated as a two-way force in cultural creation, informing the source as much as the target.

Syntax and Contact-Induced Language Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-154
Author(s):  
Malcolm Ross
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

The chapter examines contact-induced change in grammatical constructions. Scholars know of only a few cases where evidence is available of both (i) the social context of constructional change and (ii) the grammars of the copying language before and after change and the model language during the change. Most examples are drawn from two European languages which largely fulfil these conditions. Contact-induced constructional change occurs either through bilingualism or through rapid language shift. Bilingually induced change is exemplified by Colloquial Upper Sorbian, rapid language shift by rural Irish English. Four degrees of change are identified: increased frequency of use, change in function, constructional calquing and metatypy. The chapter then discusses the mechanisms and social contexts of constructional change and compares bilingually induced and shift-induced change, leading to the observation that metatypy is restricted to bilingually induced change. In other respects both kinds of change have similar effects. This means that contact-induced change in grammatical constructions serves to diagnose the difference between bilingually induced change and rapid language shift only in rather rare instances.

Language death among Australian languages

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.D. Fesl
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Language Death ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Australian Languages

Abstract This paper looks at the history of language policy formulation and implementation in conjunction with social factors influencing attitudes to both Koorie1 people and their languages. It endeavours to trace the process of enforced language shift, with consequent language death, in the social history of Australia. Factors which aid or are hastening language death in the contemporary period are also discussed. Attention is drawn to the rapidity with which language death has occurred and will continue to occur if measures are not taken to curb the current trends.

scholarly journals Social and Linguistic Factors as Predictors of Contact-Induced Change

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Similar Statement ◽  
Social Predictors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Constraints ◽  
Contact Situation

AbstractTwo claims made by Thomason & Kaufman (1988) have elicited particularly strong reactions from specialists in language contact: first, that there are no absolute linguistic constraints on the kinds or numbers of features that can be transferred from one language to another; and second, that when social factors and linguistic factors might be expected to push in opposite directions in a language contact situation, the social factors will be the primary determinants of the linguistic outcome. Both claims have frequently been challenged in recent years, for instance by Gillian Sankoff, Ruth King, and Carol Myers-Scotton. To some extent the challenges are based on a misunderstanding of our arguments; most seriously, some critics argue that we dismiss linguistic predictors as entirely irrelevant to an analysis of contact-induced change. Since we discussed linguistic as well as social predictors of contactinduced change, it isn't true that, as King 2002 puts it, we claimed that 'linguistic factors… play no role' in determining the outcome of language contact (and Sankoff 2001 has a similar statement). In part, however, the objections to our position are based on genuine theoretical and/or empirical disagreements between Thomason & Kaufman and their critics. This paper explores these disagreements in an effort to arrive at a better understanding of the relative importance of social and linguistic predictors in language contact situations. My main conclusions are these: although critics have made impressive contributions toward specifying linguistic predictors, there is still no good reason to abandon the Thomason & Kaufman position (mainly because it was much less extreme than some readers have assumed); and much more work needs to be done to make even rough predictions about the relative impact of particular social and linguistic factors, and their interactions, in particular contact situations.

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