Where the husbands stand

Abstract In this paper, I analyse women’s interview narratives from the United States and Japan about their child rearing experiences to examine how stance-taking towards their experiences and their family members manifest itself differently. Paying attention to the narratives regarding their husbands’ role in child rearing, I examine how stance-taking may be perceived through overt and implied references in the use of linguistic resources. With the American English data, I discuss how the shift of personal pronouns combined with the discourse marker but create metaframes of the speakers’ stances, categorized as “abstract/positive” and “concrete/negative.” In contrast, Japanese narratives revealed that women’s stance-taking towards their husbands was marked through the concurrent usage of supportive giving verbs (-te kureru), indexing indebtedness on the side of the women, as well as nominalization forms that categorized their partners as certain types of men based on shared social expectations.

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Mercy towards decarceration: Examining the legal constraints on early release from prison

Incarceration ◽

10.1177/2632666320977802 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 263266632097780

Author(s):

Alexandra Cox ◽

Dwayne Betts

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Criminal Justice System ◽

Justice System ◽

Family Members ◽

The United States ◽

Early Release ◽

The Us ◽

Legal Constraints ◽

Release From Prison

There are close to seven million people under correctional supervision in the United States, both in prison and in the community. The US criminal justice system is widely regarded as an inherently unmerciful institution by scholars and policymakers but also by people who have spent time in prison and their family members; it is deeply punitive, racist, expansive and damaging in its reach. In this article, we probe the meanings of mercy for the institution of parole.

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Shame and blame: Secondary stigma among families of convicted sex offenders

Criminology & Criminal Justice ◽

10.1177/17488958211017391 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 174889582110173

Author(s):

Douglas Evans ◽

Adam Trahan ◽

Kaleigh Laird

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Sex Offenders ◽

Justice System ◽

Sex Offender ◽

Family Members ◽

The United States ◽

Formerly Incarcerated ◽

Research Attention ◽

Sex Offender Registry

The detriment of incarceration experienced by the formerly incarcerated has been increasingly explored in the literature on reentry. A tangential but equally concerning issue that has recently received more research attention is the effect on family members of the incarcerated. The stigma of a criminal conviction is most apparent among families of convicted sex offenders, who experience consequences parallel to those of their convicted relative. Drawing from interviews with 30 individuals with a family member incarcerated for a sex offence in the United States, this study explores manifestations of stigma due to familial association. The findings suggest that families face negative treatment from social networks and criminal justice officials, engage in self-blame and that the media’s control over the narrative exacerbates family members’ experiences. Given the pervasiveness of criminal justice system contact, the rapid growth of the sex offender registry in the United States, and the millions of family members peripherally affected by one or both, justice system reforms are needed to ensure that family members are shielded from the harms of incarceration and registration.

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Establishing a South African Honour Society of Nursing under auspices of Sigma Theta Tau International (Inc.)

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v21i4.687 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

Author(s):

D. Van der Wal

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

South African ◽

American English ◽

The United States ◽

Standard English ◽

The Us

The information on Sigma Theta Tau International (Inc.) which follows is reproduced from official STTI documentation with permission from the STTI Chapter Manager. This section should thus be read with the United States context in mind as certain words and concepts have different meanings in the US and SA contexts, eg under graduate, graduate, college and the like. In addition, certain words are also spelled differently in American English and standard English.

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Evaluation of the American-English Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY) questionnaire in the United States

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s12955-015-0236-2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Monika Bullinger ◽

Rachel Sommer ◽

Andreas Pleil ◽

Nelly Mauras ◽

Judith Ross ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

United States ◽

Short Stature ◽

American English ◽

The United States

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Family Separation and the Impact of Digital Technology on the Mental Health of Refugee Families in the United States: Qualitative Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/14171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. e14171 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sayyed Fawad Ali Shah ◽

Julia Meredith Hess ◽

Jessica R Goodkind

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

United States ◽

Digital Technology ◽

Family Members ◽

The United States ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Financial Barriers ◽

Family Separation ◽

Ict Use ◽

The Impact

BackgroundConflicts around the world have resulted in a record high number of refugees. Family separation is a critical factor that impacts refugee mental health. Thus, it is important to explore refugees’ ability to maintain contact with family members across the globe and the ways in which they attempt to do so. It is increasingly common for refugees to use information and communication technologies (ICTs), which include mobile phones, the internet, and social media sites, such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Skype, and Viber, for these purposes.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore refugees’ perceptions of the impact of communication through ICTs on their mental health, the exercise of agency by refugees within the context of ICT use, especially their communication with their families, and logistical issues that affect their access to ICTs in the United States.MethodsWe used a constructivist grounded theory approach to analyze in-depth interviews of 290 adult refugee participants from different countries, who were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a community-based mental health intervention.ResultsAnalyses showed that communication through ICTs had differing impacts on the mental health of refugee participants. ICTs, as channels of communication between separated families, were a major source of emotional and mental well-being for a large number of refugee participants. However, for some participants, the communication process with separated family members through digital technology was mentally and emotionally difficult. The participants also discussed ways in which they hide adversities from their families through selective use of different ICTs. Several participants noted logistical and financial barriers to communicating with their families through ICTs.ConclusionsThese findings are important in elucidating aspects of refugee agency and environmental constraints that need to be further explicated in theories related to ICT use as well as in providing insight for researchers and practitioners involved in efforts related to migration and mental health.

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The acoustic characteristics of non-native American English vowels

Linguistica ◽

10.4312/linguistica.57.1.59-72 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 59-72

Author(s):

Biljana Čubrović

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Native American ◽

Native Speakers ◽

American English ◽

The United States ◽

Vowel Quality ◽

Acoustic Characteristics ◽

Language Background ◽

English Vowels ◽

Native Speech

This study aims at discussing the phonetic property of vowel quality in English, as exercised by both native speakers of General American English (AE) and non-native speakers of General American English of Serbian language background, all residents of the United States. Ten Serbian male speakers and four native male speakers of AE are recorded in separate experiments and their speech analyzed acoustically for any significant phonetic differences, looking into a set of monosyllabic English words representing nine vowels of AE. The general aim of the experiments is to evaluate the phonetic characteristics of AE vowels, with particular attention to F1 and F2 values, investigate which vowels differ most in the two groups of participants, and provide some explanations for these variations. A single most important observation that is the result of this vowel study is an evident merger of three pairs of vowels in the non-native speech: /i ɪ/, /u ʊ/, and /ɛ æ/.

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Mothers’ parenting knowledge and its sources in five societies: Specificity in and across Argentina, Belgium, Italy, South Korea, and the United States

International Journal of Behavioral Development ◽

10.1177/0165025419861440 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 135-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marc H. Bornstein ◽

Jing Yu ◽

Diane L. Putnick

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

South Korea ◽

Item Response ◽

Infant Development ◽

The United States ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Child Rearing ◽

Optimization Approach ◽

Parenting Knowledge ◽

Sample Measurement

In a cross-society comparison, we assessed the state of mothers’ knowledge of child-rearing and child development. The study included 1,077 mothers from five countries on four continents: Argentina, Belgium, Italy, South Korea, and the United States (U.S.) A criteria-referenced instrument, the Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory, was used to assess parenting knowledge after being adapted for cross-society comparison using item response theory and the alignment optimization approach for testing between-sample measurement invariance. Levels of mothers’ parenting knowledge varied across the five societies and were associated with different sociodemographic factors and personal and nonpersonal supports.

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Trauma Patients’ Attitudes toward Organ Donation at an Urban Level I Trauma Center

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481808400957 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 (9) ◽

pp. 1493-1497

Author(s):

John D. Cull ◽

Katarina Ivkovic ◽

Benjamin Manning ◽

Edie Y. Chan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Organ Donation ◽

Trauma Center ◽

Family Members ◽

Organ Donor ◽

The United States ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Willingness To Donate ◽

Patient Responses ◽

Level I

Many health-care workers (HCWs) surveyed at a trauma center believed their patients distrusted the organ allocation system. This study compares urban trauma patients’ (TPs) attitudes toward organ donation with attitudes from the 2012 National Survey of Organ Donation Attitudes (NSODA). TPs presenting to the trauma clinic between September 2014 and August 2015 were surveyed. Patient responses were compared with the 2012 NSODA. One hundred and thirty-three TPs (95.0%) responded to the survey. Compared with the 2012 NSODA, groups were similar with regard to a patient's desire for OD after death (Trauma: 62.4% [Confidence interval [CI]: 53.6–70.7] vs NSODA: 59.3% [CI: 56.6–61.8]) and the belief that doctors are less likely to save their life if they are an organ donor (24.8% [CI: 17.7–33.0] vs 19.6% [CI: 18.3–21.0]). Approximately, 30 per cent of patients believed discrimination prevented minority patients from receiving transplants (27.1 [CI: 19.7–35.5] vs 30.3 [CI: 28.8–31.9]). TPs were less likely than the NSODA group to donate a family members’ organs, if they did not know the family members’ wishes (56.4% [CI: 47.5–65.0] vs 75.6% [CI: 68.7–71.8]); TPs were less likely to believe the United States transplant system uses a fair approach to distribute organs (47.4% [38.7–56.2] vs 64.6% [CI: 63.0–66.2]). Adjusting for race, both groups were similar in their willingness to donate a family members’ organs; black TPs were less likely to believe the United States transplant system, which follows a fair approach in distributing organs (43.0% [CI: 32.4–54.2] vs 63.7% [59.7–67.6]). Despite HCWs perceptions, TPs had a positive view of OD. Educating HCWs on patient attitudes toward OD may decrease institutional barriers to OD.

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