Speech acts and conversational sequencing

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brassac
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
Conversational Interactions ◽  
The One

The question of the use of speech act theory in accounting for conversational sequencing is discussed from the point of view of the explanation of linguistic interaction. On the one hand, this question lies at the heart of the opposition between conversational analysis and discourse analysis. On the other, it dominates the discussion around a text by Searle called "Conversation". After summarizing what is at stake in the debate, I focus on the positions of two authors, Dascal and Van Rees, who favor the idea of a possible (and necessary) combination of illocutionary logic and the analysis of conversational interactions. My own position consists in taking into account the new elements that have recently enriched illocutionary logic (particularly the integration of perlocution through the notion of satisfaction conditions) within the framework of an essentially dialogical position. The proposed approach is in agreement with the theses of these two authors and complements them with elements that satisfy their demands.

Linguistic Evidentials and the Law of Hearsay

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Solan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Evidence ◽  
The Law ◽  
John Langshaw Austin ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between how natural language expresses degrees of certainty in the truth of an assertion on the one hand, and how the law handles this issue on the other. This discussion focuses, in particular, on the hearsay doctrine and on the linguistic elements identified as “evidentials:” expressions that include information about how speakers came to know the assertions they make. The hearsay rule bars certain kinds of speech acts from serving as legal evidence, in particular, assertions that report what another person earlier said, and which are offered to express the truth about the events at issue in a case. The author links the law governing hearsay in terms of speech act theory, a connection also drawn by the philosopher John Langshaw Austin, who observed that statements offered to prove the fact of the speech act rather than the truth of the matter asserted are admissible.

scholarly journals A Review of Some Speech Act Theories Focusing on Speech Acts by Searle (1969)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Veronica Saragi ◽  
Sikin Nuratika ◽  
Fransiska Fransiska ◽  
Maya Yolanda ◽  
Niki Ardiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
John Searle ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Christ Church ◽  
Almost All

Before John Searle wrote the book of Speech Acts, he wrote an article about “What is a Speech Act?” (in Philosophy in America, Max Black, ed. (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1965), 221–239). He was born in Denver in 1932. He spent some seven years in Oxford, beginning as an undergraduate in the autumn of 1952 with a Rhodes Scholarship, and concluding as a Lecturer in Philosophy at Christ Church. He has spent almost all of his subsequent life as Professor of Philosophy in Berkeley according to Smith (2003). This article aims to review the speech act theories by Searle (1969) to know what the theories of speech acts according to him to aid researchers understand more on how to apply it in real social life. Moreover, this article’s references are accurate (valid) and they well argued. This article is highly recommended for the philosopher, specialists and analysts in the field of pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and conversational analysis, communication studies who have a significant part in this study. Therefore, this paper seen the speech act theories by Searle (1969) will be more effective if we know and understand more about the speech act theories by Searle (1969) to use it in real social life.

scholarly journals Ideologie, ‘egte’ norme en literêre taalhandelinge

Literator ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
M. Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
South African ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Community ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Different Levels

For many years text-immanent approaches to literature have dominated the scene of Afrikaans literary criticism. This article adds a voice to the ‘spontaneous' discourse in which ethical norms (especially socio-political guidelines), too, come into play when a literary text is studied. Since the context in which a text is written and read is of great importance in such an approach, speech act theory is used in order to determine the intentions (illocutions) of the writer in the texts, as well as the reactions (perlocutions) of readers to the text. The purpose of this is mainly to establish whether critique of ideology manifests itself in speech acts directed towards freedom and dignity for all people. On the other hand there may also be signs of unconscious ideological illocutions in the contradictions which occur within or between the different levels of communication (macro, meso and micro). These contradictions are related to socio-political contradictions which are repressed within the South African community. In order to illustrate this kind of approach, three novels of Etienne van Heerden are discussed, viz. Om te awol (1984), Toorberg (1986) and Casspirs en Campari's (1991).

scholarly journals Conversational Storytelling in Chinese Speech Acts

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Shuling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Conversational Storytelling ◽  
Conversational Narrative ◽  
Everyday Talk ◽  
The Face

Conversational narrative or storytelling is a prevalent activity in everyday talk. This paper, drawing on the speech act theory and conversational analysis methodology, examines the conversational storytelling in performing a few types of illocutionary acts like assert, warn, object, advise in Chinese everyday talk. It is found that storytelling plays several significant roles in performing some types of illocutionary acts, i.e. to make a point, to build rapport among friends and even to reduce the face threat. Conversational storytelling may occur immediately after the expression of an illocutionary act, and sometimes before it to indicate certain illocutionary force.   

scholarly journals construction du rôle présidentiel dans l’interview télévisée et en ligne du 14 Juillet. Stratégies discursives d’Emmanuel Macron.

2021 ◽  
pp. 439-461
Author(s):  
Antonia Sánchez Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
The One ◽  
Actos De Habla ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nicolas Sarkozy ◽  
Functional Position

De entre los géneros en los que se expresa el discurso político en Francia, las entrevistas presidenciales televisadas del 14deJulio constituyen manifestaciones singulares. Con una tradición de cuatro décadas, se desarrollan en un contexto de gran formalidad que confiere a la palabra presidencial rango institucional sin que deje de estar sometida a los riesgos propios de la interacción. Por un lado, las reglas del género sitúan al presidente en posición funcional de dependencia. Por otro, la entrevista política ha evolucionado hacia un adversarial style (Clayman&Heritage,2002) al que las del 14deJulio no son ajenas. Este artículo se detiene en la concedida por Emmanuel Macron en 2020 y difundida en Youtube, para analizar con las herramientas del Análisis del Discurso cómo combate los actos de habla que amenazan la dimensión presidencial, expuesta ahora también a los inter e intradiscursos que se generan en el entorno digital. Among the orders in which political discourse is expressed in France, the televised presidential interview of the 14th of July is unique. With a tradition stretching back four decades, these interviews take place in a context of great formality that is intended to give the presidential word institutional rank, albeit subject to the risks associated with an interview. On the one hand, the paradigm of the interview places the president in a functional position of dependence. On the other hand, the political interview has evolved in recent times towards an adversarial style (Clayman&Heritage, 2002) to which those of the 14th of July are not immune. This article focuses upon the presidential interview granted by Emmanuel Macron in 2020, broadcast for the first time on YouTube, to analyze with the tools of Discourse Analysis how it fights the speech acts that threaten the presidential status, now also exposed in the digital environment. Parmi les différents genres où le discours politique trouve ses voies d’expression en France, les interviews présidentielles du 14 Juillet représentent des manifestations tout à fait particulières. C’est Valéry Giscard d’Estaing qui a inauguré la longue série en accordant en 1978 le premier entretien télévisé lors des cérémonies de la Fête Nationale, un exercice que la plupart de ses successeurs ont poursuivi. Seul Nicolas Sarkozy a refusé de continuer la tradition. Emmanuel Macron, de sa part, a fait de même mais, en revanche, en a accordé une le 14 Juillet 2020 dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire du Covid-19, avec une nouveauté : elle a été diffusée aussi sur Youtube. Dans cet article nous visons à décrypter à l’aide des outils de l’Analyse du Discours et de l’Analyse de la Conversation les stratégies discursives menées par Emmanuel Macron dans la seule interview du 14Juillet accordée jusqu’à présent.

scholarly journals Discourse Analysis from the Perspective of Austin’s Speech Act Theory and Searle’s Taxonomy of Illocutionary Acts: A Case Study of Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Andreea-Veridiana Farcasel-Jensen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
The Yellow Wallpaper ◽  
Short Narrative

A focus on discourse analysis, this study presents a particular interest in the power relationship artfully constructed by Charlotte P. Gilman in three dialogue instances in her most memorable short narrative, The Yellow Wallpaper. With the awareness of gender differences in mind in terms of how men and women use language, Gilman evinces the ways in which language could be a medium of silencing the other. Consequently, this paper carefully examines the protagonists’ discourses through J. L. Austin’s speech act theory and John Searle’s taxonomy of illocutionary acts. The corpus of the study consists of the utterances of the husband/doctor and of the wife/patient, and both the quantitative and qualitative research methods have been employed for the data analysis. The results have shown that the patriarchal discourse, originally dominated by representatives (opinions, facts) and directives (commands, orders, advices, and refusals), produces utterances meant to fabricate reality (erroneous diagnosis) and generate refusals, whereas the discourse of the other consists mainly of representatives- true statements and opinions -which contradict men’s reality in the journey to achieving self-assertion and selfexpression.

scholarly journals Motor Car Advertisements Texts: An Analysis of Pragmatic

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Herlina Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Illocutionary Act ◽  
Descriptive Method

In this paper the writer tries to analyze the motor vehicle advertisement texts from pragmatics point of view through classifying and describing the speech act types. Since this research is a qualitative, the writer uses descriptive method with speech act theory of pragmatics from Cutting and Yule. The writer collects the data from www.adsoftheworld.com, www.adslogans.co.uk and www.textart.ru, March 18th 2014. In analyzing data, the writer classified the data into table list. The classification is divided into speech act types and speech act levels, they are locutionary act as the ad texts and illocutionary act as the advertisers intention behind.  At the end of the research is found that related to the purpose of the ad in conveying its audience, there are representative and directive of speech act types. Representative are those kinds of speech act that state what the speaker believes to be the case or not and directive those kinds of speech acts that the speakers use to get someone else to do something. Therefore, the research hopefully brings about more comprehension on the motor vehicle advertisements which are often found in motor vehicle advertisements texts.

Theoretical issues and Problems in the Sociolinguistic Enterprise

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Variation Theory ◽  
Summer Institute ◽  
Indiana University ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The major theoretical challenge for the sociology of language consists of the extent that it contributes to and, indeed, benefits from the sciences of society, on the one hand, and the sciences of language, on the other. Considering that the total enterprise only came into being in the early 70s (taking The SSRC's Summer Institute on Sociolinguistics at Indiana University, 1964, as a reasonable date of departure) some progress toward meeting this challenge is undeniable. Such progress is particularly great at the micro-level where variation theory, discourse analysis, speech act theory, pragmatics, and ethnomethodological concerns and sensitivities have pretty much become modern day orthodoxies that often neither recognize nor remember their sociolinguistic co-origins. Nevertheless, precisely here, where the links to linguistics are strongest, there is hardly any link to sociology or to sociocultural theory more generally (none at all, indeed, except for the ethnomethodological corner thereof). If we look for linkages between macro-sociolinguistic efforts and the parent disciplines, the situation is even less heartening, because not only are such links exceedingly few and far between, but nothing approaching schools of thought or elaborated points of view are discernible. That being the case the likelihood of productive theoretical linkages between micro- and macro-sociolinguistic endeavors is rather remote for the forseeable future.

Formal ontology for discourse analysis of a corpus of court interpreting

Babel ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-618
Author(s):  
Adam Pease ◽  
Jennifer Cheung Pease ◽  
Andrew K. F. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Order Logic ◽  
New Method ◽  
Formal Ontology ◽  
Higher Order Logic ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Court Interpreting

Abstract We develop a new method of discourse analysis using speech act theory and formal ontology. The method constitutes an attempt to make discourse analysis more formal and repeatable. We apply the method to a corpus of bi-lingual, interpreted legal dialogue, focusing on the speech act of clarification and its component acts. While discourse analysis is primarily a qualitative tool, it can be applied quantitatively by counting certain types of discourse, such as clarification speech acts. Dialogues are still analysed, utterances are classified as speech acts and their semantic relationships are qualitatively assessed. Subjectivity of human analysis is minimised using a new method of discourse analysis that employs a formal ontology. The ontology is stated in higher-order logic making the annotation of the corpus more objective, formal and repeatable than prior research.

scholarly journals Narrative Perspective and Focalisation in Translating Fictional Narratives

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
Uroš Mozetič
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
Narrative Mode

The main objective of this paper is to present the complex processes of the shifting of narrative perspective (point-of-view) and focus in translating English prose texts into Slovene. For that purpose, a narratological discourse analysis of James Joyce’s story ‘Eveline’ (Dubliners) is introduced, drawing on K. M. van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative and descriptive model. The model, which has been expanded by three additional categories – narrative mode, narrative perspective, and focalisation –, brings to the forefront the cause-and-effect relationship between the micro- and macrostructural shifts on the one hand, and the shifts in narrative perspective and focalisation on the other. The results obtained show that the model is empirically verifiable and repeatable. This means that it can also be used with other integral translations, particularly if translation shifts are subtle enough and/or consistent with the translator’s dominant strategy and norm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document