From International Literature to world literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-371
Author(s):  
Elena Ostrovskaya ◽  
Elena Zemskova
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Bertolt Brecht ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Georg Lukacs ◽  
International Circulation ◽  
Isaac Babel ◽  
Literary Journal

Abstract This article conceptualizes translation within the theoretical framework of world literature and discusses the role of translators in the multilingual leftist literary journal International Literature. It focuses on the biographies and work of three translators into English: Leonard Mins, Niall Goold-Verschoyle and Anthony Wixley. Living in Moscow in the mid-1930s, they contributed to the international circulation of authors that later became part of the canon of world literature: Georg Lukács, Bertolt Brecht, and Isaac Babel. Exploring these translations within the historical context of Soviet cosmopolitanism, this article aims to uncover the mechanism by which Moscow in this period became a temporary sub-center of world literature.

scholarly journals “And Here We are in the Fairyland” of Children’s Literature: The Case of the French Version of Internatsionalnaya Literatura” (1934)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-179
Author(s):  
Evgenia V. Belskaya
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Socialist Realism ◽  
French Version ◽  
Socialist Realist ◽  
Literary Journal ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Realist Model ◽  
Selection Of

This article focuses on the issue of La Littérature Internationale, a French version of the multilingual Soviet journal Internatsionalnaya Literatura, which embodied one of the declarations of the First Congress of the Soviet writers on the key role of didacticism in the new literature. The second issue of La Littérature Internationale in 1934 contained a selection of works about children by authors from the USSR, France, United States, and Germany. The aim of this article is to analyze this selection of texts and to determine its function in the literary journal for adults. The author shows the connection of the plot schemes in the selection with the preceding folklore and literary tradition (a folk fairytale and literary Christmas tale, Victorian educational novel, romantic heroic novel). The classic storyline of these works allows us to introduce new themes and plots: re-education and correction, the story of working at the factory and at the mine, shown through the eyes of children as well as the resistance to Hitler’s regime in Germany. The conclusion shows that in this issue, the children’s selection forms a socialist realist model of world literature of a kind. Together with the stories for adults, it sets a pattern for the new universal literature whose plot schemes reflect the main trends in the literature of socialist realism and the anti-fascist literature of the 1930s–1940s.

scholarly journals Cultural Translation as a Multidirectional Process in the Seventeenth-Century Madurai Mission

2021 ◽  
pp. 401-426
Author(s):  
Giulia Nardini
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Cultural Translation ◽  
Master Narrative

AbstractIn the seventeenth-century missionary context of South India, the Jesuit Roberto Nobili (1577–1656) engaged in a multi-directional process of translation, translating his Catholic mission, doctrine, and literature for a Tamil audience and adapting it to local Tamil beliefs, practices, and literature for the Roman Catholic context. Adopting theories from translation studies (Frege, Nida, Lefevere and Venuti), this paper suggests a model of “cultural translation” not only as a metaphor but as an analytical tool. Straddling the binary notion of orthodoxy-unorthodoxy, this mechanism pursues two goals: (1) it uncovers the role of translations in the construction of religions and social identities; (2) it applies the theoretical framework of “cultural translation” to illuminate the historical context of Jesuit missions in India and beyond. In doing so, it contributes to the analysis of transculturality and challenges the traditional master narrative of a homogeneous Christianity.

scholarly journals The Role of Internet/YouTube in the Socialization/Popularization of Science in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Roberta G. Leao ◽  
Reninni Taquini ◽  
Kyria R. Finardi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Internet ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Popularization Of Science

The study aims to analyze how science is socialized and popularized through the internet, more specifically, through the YouTube (YT) platform in Brazil. The study gives a brief presentation of the current socio-historical context in Brazil before presenting the theoretical framework that is based mainly on Michel Foucault's notion of knowledge and power, and its relations with the forms of control in society and on Theodor Adorno's view of mass culture. In order to analyze YouTube's role in the socialization/popularization of science, sixteen YT channels were analyzed in the first semester of 2019. The method used is mixed (Dörnyei, 2007) using a predominantly quantitative approach to measure projection in the internet of the channels analyzed. Qualitative analysis focuses on issues of content and source in the videos analyzed. In general, the analysis of the results suggests that STEM areas have a higher prevalence in the description of the videos. The study concludes with the suggestion that the platform improves the search engine so that users can filter more specific areas of knowledge, thus expanding the potential of the internet and this site in the dissemination and popularization of modern science.

GOELRO plan is 100 years old

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Pavel A. BUTYRIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Starting Conditions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
State Plan

The historical context in which the State Plan for Electrification of Russia (GOELRO) was developed, establishment of the GOELRO Commission, the GOELRO Plan content, the specific features of its implementation, and the role of the plan in the soviet period of Russia’s history are considered. Attention is paid to the electrification plants of other countries and territories of all inhabited continents, and to the participation of states in the electrification of countries and regions with small-scale and agricultural production in the 1920 s. The specific features pertinent to the electrification of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic are pointed out, namely, low starting conditions (in 1923, the energy consumption per capita in Russia was 100 times lower than that in Norway), its being state-owned in nature and revolutionary in its purpose: to get done with the main upheavals in the country and to shift the national economy for fore efficient production. The role of V.I. Lenin and G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, who were the initiators of the electrification of Russia, is analyzed in detail. A conclusion is drawn about the need to study both the GOELRO Plan itself and the specific features and circumstances of its implementation within the framework of training modern specialists in electrical engineering.

The role of Constitutional Courts in Transitional Justice: Colombia and South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiehezka Paola Palencia Tejedor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Peace And Reconciliation

This work focuses on a compared analysis of the South Afri- can decision related to the “peace and reconciliation act” of this country’s Parliament, and the Colombian decision regarding the amendment of the constitution called “The juridical framework for the peace.” Turning to the structure, it is developed in three major topics: 1. It provides a brief of the historical context, political background and an overview of the two decisions.2. It gives a structural analysis of the powers that each Court has and the nature of the constitutional mechanism through which both Courts decided the constitutionality of the said norms 3. It presents a critical analysis on the similarities and differences between the two systems and judgments. It presents some con- clusions. 

Imagery and Metaphorical Space of the Term in the Language of Scientific Texts by V. Vinogradov

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
N. V. Khalikovа
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Basic Term ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the functions of the system of verbal imagery’s in the creation of the scientific style of V.V. Vinogradov. The figurativeness of basic, background and metaphorical terms is described. The semantic structure of the image of the basic term «style» is analyzed, figurative paradigms of the concepts Language, Speech and Style are revealed. The article shows the relationship between scientific thinking and metaphorical style, the role of sustainable cognitive metaphors in the creation, storage and transfer of pragmatic information and the creation of a cultural and historical context.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Henning
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Pure Reason ◽  
Critique Of Pure Reason ◽  
Transcendental Deduction

This brief chapter summarizes central findings regarding the role of parenthetical sentences in practical discourse. But it also provides historical context. It suggests that a precursor of parentheticalism may be found in Kant, especially in Kant’s views about the “I think,” especially as they are expressed in the B-Version of the “Transcendental Deduction” and the B-Version of the chapter on Paralogisms in the Critique of Pure Reason.

Humanism, the Bible, and Erasmus’s Moral World Order

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Tubau
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Just War ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Moral Formation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Moral World

This chapter sets Erasmus’s ideas on morality and the responsibility of rulers with regard to war in their historical context, showing their coherence and consistency with the rest of his philosophy. First, there is an analysis of Erasmus’s criticisms of the moral and legal justifications of war at the time, which were based on the just war theory elaborated by canon lawyers. This is followed by an examination of his ideas about the moral order in which the ruler should be educated and political power be exercised, with the role of arbitration as the way to resolve conflicts between rulers. As these two closely related questions are developed, the chapter shows that the moral formation of rulers, grounded in Christ’s message and the virtue politics of fifteenth-century Italian humanism, is the keystone of the moral world order that Erasmus proposes for his contemporaries.

Toward a Theoretical Framework of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: Clarifying the Gray Zones Between Responsibility and Irresponsibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 000765032110159
Author(s):  
Cynthia E. Clark ◽  
Marta Riera ◽  
María Iborra
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Corporate Social Irresponsibility ◽  
Corporate Social

In this conceptual article, we argue that defining corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) as opposite constructs produces a lack of clarity between responsible and irresponsible acts. Furthermore, we contend that the treatment of the CSR and CSI concepts as opposites de-emphasizes the value of CSI as a stand-alone construct. Thus, we reorient the CSI discussion to include multiple aspects that current conceptualizations have not adequately accommodated. We provide an in-depth exploration of how researchers define CSI and both identify and analyze three important gray zones between CSR and CSI: (a) the role of harm and benefit, (b) the role of the actor and intentionality, and (c) the role of rectification. We offer these gray zones as factors contributing to the present lack of conceptual clarity of the term CSI, as a concept in its own right, leading to difficulties that researchers and managers experience in categorizing CSI acts as distinct from CSR.

scholarly journals Negativity and Political Behavior: A Theoretical Framework for the Analysis of Negative Voting in Contemporary Democracies

2021 ◽  
pp. 147892992110001
Author(s):  
Diego Garzia ◽  
Frederico Ferreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Parliamentary Systems ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Rational Component

Recent developments in Western societies have motivated a growing consideration of the role of negativity in public opinion and political behavior research. In this article, we review the scant (and largely disconnected) scientific literature on negativity and political behavior, merging contributions from social psychology, public opinion, and electoral research, with a view on developing an integrated theoretical framework for the study of negative voting in contemporary democracies. We highlight that the tendency toward negative voting is driven by three partly overlapping components, namely, (1) an instrumental–rational component characterized by retrospective performance evaluations and rationalization mechanisms, (2) an ideological component grounded on long-lasting political identities, and (3) an affective component, motivated by (negative) attitudes toward parties and candidates. By blueprinting the systematic relationships between negative voting and each of these components in turn, and suggesting multiple research paths, this article aims to stimulate future studies on negative voting in multi-party parliamentary systems to motivate a better understanding of the implications of negativity in voting behavior in contemporary democracies.

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