scholarly journals Carotid or jugular amino acid infusions and food intake in the cockerel

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tobin ◽  
K. N. Boorman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Intake Regulation

1. Infusions of histidine into the carotid arteries of cockerels receiving a histidine-limiting, imbalanced diet caused an increase in food intake, whereas similar infusions into the jugular veins did not.2. Infusions of lysine into the carotid arteries or jugular veins of young cockerels receiving a balanced, low-protein diet caused decreases in food intake. There was evidence of a more marked effect of carotid infusion.3. The mechanisms of food intake regulation by amino acids in mammals are applicable to birds and excesses of single amino acids do seem to affect food intake directly.

Food Intake Regulation: Amino Acid Toxicity and Changes in Rat Brain and Plasma Amino Acids

1973 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Peng ◽  
J. Gubin ◽  
A. E. Harper ◽  
M. G. Vavich ◽  
A. R. Kemmerer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Acid Toxicity ◽  
Intake Regulation

scholarly journals Performance of Broilers Fed Low Protein Diets with Lysine and Methionine Supplements

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Nancy Montilla ◽  
◽  
Lolito Bestil ◽  
Sulpecio Bantugan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Low Protein

A feeding trial with broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of amino acids (lysine and methionine) supplementation of diets low in protein content on the voluntary intake, feed conversion efficiency, broiler performance, and cost and return of broiler production. Results showed cumulative voluntary feed intake was not significantly affected by lowering the protein content of the diet. Cumulative weight gain of broilers was lower with diet when supplemented iwht lysine and methionine to meet requirements. Birds fed with diets low in protein has less efficient feed converstion, but became comparable with those receiveing diets high in protein when supplemented with amino acids. Feed cost per kilogram broiler produced was not significantly affected by diets used in the study, although the low-protien diet with amino acid supplement had the lowest values. In terms of return above feed and chick cost, broilers fed with high-protein diet had the greatest value, but not significantly different from birds fed with low-protien diet with amino acid supplementation which gave about P10 per bird higher returns than those fed low-protein diet without amino acid supplementation.

scholarly journals The relative effects of a low-protein-high-carbohydrate diet on the free amino acid composition of liver and muscle

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
P. G. Lunn ◽  
R. G. Whitehead ◽  
B. A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Low Protein

1. Free amino acid concentrations in the plasma have been compared with those in liver and quadriceps muscle, in rats fed on diets containing 209 (control) and 31 (low-protein) g protein/kg. The effects of the low-protein diet on diurnal variations in these values were also measured.2. In the plasma, the total amino acid concentration was significantly lower in animals given the low-protein diet, at all times of day except 12.00 hours. In the liver, and to a lesser extent the muscle, total amino acid concentration was maintained.3. In the control animals, diurnal variation in the concentrations of both essential and non-essential amino acids was very similar in plasma, liver and muscle. In animals given the low-protein diet, although the same diurnal pattern was maintained for non-essential amino acids, that occurring among the essential amino acids had virtually disappeared.4. In plasma, the mean 24 h concentration of essential amino acids decreased from 24· mmol/l in control animals to only 1·29 mmol/l in the low-protein-fed animals. Concentrations in muscle and liver were reduced by a similar proportion (from 8·6 to 5·56 μmol/g and from 8·67 to 5·05 μmol/g respectively). Conversely the concentrations of non-essential amino acids in animals given the low-protein diet were increased in plasma (from 1·53 to 2·00 mmol/l), muscle (from 12·5 to 14·3 μmol/g), and liver (from 16·8 to 20·5 μmol/g), muscle showing the lowest increase.5. With the exceptions of lysine, threonine, cystine and tyrosine, the concentrations of all other essential amino acids were reduced more in liver than in muscle. The relationship between this and the failure to maintain plasma albumin concentrations is discussed.

Food intake: Regulation by plasma amino acid pattern

Life Sciences ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M-B. Leung ◽  
Quinton R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Intake Regulation

scholarly journals The Intestinal Peptide Transporter PEPT1 Is Involved in Food Intake Regulation in Mice Fed a High-Protein Diet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e26407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Nässl ◽  
Isabel Rubio-Aliaga ◽  
Manuela Sailer ◽  
Hannelore Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Peptide Transporter ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Intake Regulation

scholarly journals The regulation of protein synthesis in the liver of rats. Mechanisms of dietary amino acid control in the immature animal

1968 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Wannemacher ◽  
W. K. Cooper ◽  
M. B. Yatvin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna

Weanling (23-day-old) rats were fed either on an amino acid-deficient diet (6% of casein, which in effect represents an ‘amino acid-deficient’ diet) or on a diet containing an adequate amount of protein (18% of casein) for 28 days. The hepatic cells from the animals fed on the low-protein diet were characterized by low amino acid content, almost complete inhibition of cell proliferation and a marked decrease in cell volume, protein content and concentration of cytoplasmic RNA compared with cells from control rats. The lower concentration of cytoplasmic RNA was correlated with a decreased ribosomal-RNA content, of which a larger proportion was in the form of free ribosomes. The protein-synthetic competence and messenger-RNA content of isolated ribosomes from liver cells of protein-deprived animals were 40–50% of those noted in controls. At 1hr. after an injection of radioactive uridine, the specific radioactivity of liver total RNA was greater in the group fed on the low-protein diet, but the amount of label that was associated with cytoplasmic RNA or ribosomes was significantly less than that noted in control animals. From these data it was concluded that dietary amino acids regulate hepatic protein synthesis (1) by affecting the ability of polyribosomes to synthesize protein and (2) by influencing the concentration of cytoplasmic ribosomes. It is also tentatively hypothesized that the former process may be directly related to the concentration of cellular free amino acids, whereas the latter could be correlated with the ability of newly synthesized ribosomal sub-units to leave the nucleus.

Influence of protein and amino acids on food intake in the rat

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Krauss ◽  
Jean Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Safety Valve ◽  
Constant Amount ◽  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Intake ◽  
Hypothalamic Mechanism

The depression of food intake by high levels of dietary protein and by an excess of l-leucine in a low-protein diet was found to be independent of the presence of the hypothalamic mechanism regulating food intake. At extremely high levels of protein or amino acid intake, the amount of diet ingested was restricted to a similar level in normal and hyperphagic rats. The fact that hyperphagic rats consumed a relatively constant amount of casein in diets containing 60– 90% of protein suggested the possibility that a physiological "safety valve" operated to limit dietary intake so that protein intake did not exceed a certain threshold. An accumulation of amino acids that could not be metabolized or diverted into protein synthesis may have mediated the appetite effects. This suggestion was consistent with the finding that prefeeding high levels of protein (40 or 60% of casein), a procedure which is known to enhance amino acid catabolic activity, temporarily eliminated the appetite depression normally caused by subsequent ingestion of a high-leucine diet.

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