Dynamics and predicted decline of Anguillicola crassus infection in European eels, Anguilla anguilla, in Neusiedler See, Austria

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schabuss ◽  
C.R. Kennedy ◽  
R. Konecny ◽  
B. Grillitsch ◽  
W. Reckendorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anguillicola Crassus ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
Mass Mortalities

AbstractThe eel population in Neusiedler See has been maintained by regular massive stocking since 1958. After the establishment of the National Park Neusiedler See-Seewinkel in 1993, eel stocking was prohibited and the population, together with the specific parasites of eels, was predicted to decline to extinction within 10 years. This investigation was undertaken to document the decline and extinction of the Anguillicola crassus population in eels. From 1994 to 2001, 720 eels were collected from two sites in the lake. Prevalence and abundance of A. crassus were lower in spring than in summer and autumn and larger eels harboured more parasites than smaller ones. Neither year of study nor sampling site were correlated with parasite infection levels. No significant trend in the population parameters of A. crassus was detected over the 8 years of the survey. This suggested that there had been no significant decline in the eel population. This suggestion was confirmed by investigations of the fishery, which also found evidence of regular illegal stocking. The stability of the A. crassus population over the past decade seems to reflect the lack of change in eel population density. No mass mortalities of eels occurred over the period despite the many similarities between Neusiedler See and Lake Balaton in Hungary. Differences in eel size, eel diet and the lack of large-scale insecticide use are discussed as possible explanations for the absence of eel mass mortalities in Neusiedler See.

scholarly journals Non-Hermitian physics for optical manipulation uncovers inherent instability of large clusters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Yineng Liu ◽  
Zhifang Lin ◽  
Jack Ng ◽  
C. T. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Optical Forces ◽  
Exceptional Points ◽  
Complex Eigenvalues ◽  
Microscopic World ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
Conventional Systems

AbstractIntense light traps and binds small particles, offering unique control to the microscopic world. With incoming illumination and radiative losses, optical forces are inherently nonconservative, thus non-Hermitian. Contrary to conventional systems, the operator governing time evolution is real and asymmetric (i.e., non-Hermitian), which inevitably yield complex eigenvalues when driven beyond the exceptional points, where light pumps in energy that eventually “melts” the light-bound structures. Surprisingly, unstable complex eigenvalues are prevalent for clusters with ~10 or more particles, and in the many-particle limit, their presence is inevitable. As such, optical forces alone fail to bind a large cluster. Our conclusion does not contradict with the observation of large optically-bound cluster in a fluid, where the ambient damping can take away the excess energy and restore the stability. The non-Hermitian theory overturns the understanding of optical trapping and binding, and unveils the critical role played by non-Hermiticity and exceptional points, paving the way for large-scale manipulation.

scholarly journals Environmental 14C Levels Around the 632 MWe Nuclear Power Plant Krško in Yugoslavia

Radiocarbon ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2A) ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogomil Obelić ◽  
Inks Krajcar-Bronić ◽  
Dušan Srdoč ◽  
Nada Horvatinčić
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Reactor Operation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Westerly Winds

Measurements of 14C activity of atmospheric CO2, vegetables, and tree rings in the area of the 632 MWe power plant Krško in Slovenia, NW Yugoslavia, have been in progress since January, 1984. Sampling stations are located in the area ca 400km2 and are distributed in the direction of the prevailing westerly winds. The closest sampling point is 1.5km NE of the plant exhaust stack, the farthest sampling point is 30km E of the plant. A sampling site at National Park Plitvice in central Croatia was chosen as the 14C reference point not affected by the power plant.An average excess of 2.2% above the reference point activity during normal periods of reactor operation was observed 1.5km from the plant smokestack. Calculations of the 14C release from the power plant was estimated at 0.1 TBq/a. The tree ring activity near the plant followed the 14C activity of the Northern Hemisphere in the past decade. No influence of the power plant release was observed on the tree ring activity.

Developments in Pipeline Instrumentation

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Furness
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
Control Equipment ◽  
Pipeline Monitoring ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Generation ◽  
And Control

Pipelines are an integral part of the world's economy and literally billions of pounds worth of fluids are moved each year in pipelines of varying lengths and diameters. As the cost of some of these fluids and the price of moving them has increased, so the need to measure the flows more accurately and control and operate the line more effectively has arisen. Instrumentation and control equipment has developed steadily in the past decade but not as fast as the computers and microprocessors that are now a part of most large scale pipeline systems. It is the interfacing of the new generation of digital and sometimes ‘intelligent’ instrumentation with smaller and more powerful computers that has led to a quiet but rapid revolution in pipeline monitoring and control. This paper looks at the more significant developments from the many that have appeared in the past few years and attempts to project future trends in the industry for the next decade.

scholarly journals Mapping YouTube

First Monday ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Rieder ◽  
Òscar Coromina ◽  
Ariadna Matamoros-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Networked Systems ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Media System ◽  
Inductive Character ◽  
Social Media Service ◽  
The Many

Over the past 15 years, YouTube has emerged as a large and dominant social media service, giving rise to a ‘platformed media system’ within its technical and regulatory infrastructures. This paper relies on a large-scale sample of channels (n=36M+) to explore this media system along three main lines. First, we investigate stratification and hierarchization in broadly quantitative terms, connecting to well-known tropes on structural hierarchies emerging in networked systems, where a small number of elite actors often dominate visibility. Second, we inquire into YouTube’s channel categories, their relationships, and their proportions as a means to better understand the topics on offer and their relative importance. Third, we analyze channels according to country affiliation to gain insights into the dynamics and fault lines that align with country and language. Throughout the paper, we emphasize the inductive character of this research, by highlighting the many follow-up questions that emerge from our findings.

scholarly journals Non-Precious Metal Graphene-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Electrochem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximina Luis-Sunga ◽  
Lana Regent ◽  
Elena Pastor ◽  
Gonzalo García
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Many

Developing sustainable and renewable energy sources is critical as higher and higher global energy and environmental challenges arise. Hydrogen has the highest mass/energy density of any fuel and is considered one of the best sources of clean energy. Water splitting is regarded as one of the most promising solutions for hydrogen production on a large scale. Highly efficient, durable, and cost-effective catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are critical in the realization of this goal. Among the many materials proposed, graphene-based materials offer some unique properties for HER catalysis. In this review, we present recent progress on development of graphene-based electrocatalysts toward HER throughout the past few years.

scholarly journals The “Sant’Angelo in Criptis” Cave Church in Santeramo in Colle (Apulia, South Italy): A Multidisciplinary Study for the Evaluation of Conservation State and Stability Assessment

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Anna Garavelli ◽  
Gioacchino Francesco Andriani ◽  
Giovanna Fioretti ◽  
Vincenzo Iurilli ◽  
Antonella Marsico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Karst Cave ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
South Italy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Stability

Sant’Angelo in Criptis (Santeramo in Puglia, South Italy) is a karst cave located in the Alta Murgia National Park (aspiring geopark), presently degraded, but with signs of intense past visiting activity for worship, as testified by the beautiful wall paintings and the large number of inscriptions and engravings on the cave walls. With the aim to permit the desirable restoration and the following fruition of this ancient geo-cultural heritage, a multidisciplinary investigation of the cave was carried out in this study. The 3D cave model permitted a detailed map of the area and highlighted that the cave vault, although very regular, somewhere presents chimneys that develop upwards, indicating areas where the rock thickness is now very small. The stability analysis indicates that presently, the cave does not show remarkable signs of instability, but block failures, toppling and roof collapse are possible. Archaeometry investigations confirmed the past importance of this holy site, as testified by the overlapping in the paintings of three different pictorial cycles and the use of precious pigments, thus confirming the necessity of preservation through a conservation management strategy for a full future fruition of the cave.

Studies in Neotropical Araliaceae. IX. Four New Species of Sciodaphyllum from the Cordillera Abitagua, Eastern Andes of Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
David A. Neill ◽  
Porter P. Lowry II ◽  
Gregory M. Plunkett ◽  
M. Marcela Mora ◽  
Efrén Merino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
New Members ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria ◽  
The Many

Following the recent resurrection of Sciodaphyllum P. Browne (Araliaceae) to accommodate the majority of Neotropical species formerly included in Schefflera J. R. Forst. & G. Forst., we have begun to describe the many new members of this genus documented during field and herbarium studies conducted over the past several years. Here we describe and illustrate four new hemi-epiphytic species of Sciodaphyllum from a small area of the eastern Andes in central Ecuador: the western slopes of the Cordillera Abitagua in canton Baños, Tungurahua Province, in the buffer zone of Llanganates National Park. The four new species described, all collected within a few days in an area of less than 10 km² and not known from any other locality, are S. merinoi D. A. Neill, G. M. Plunkett, Lowry & M. M. Mora, S. purocafeanum G. M. Plunkett, M. M. Mora, D. A. Neill & Lowry, S. recaldiorum Lowry, G. M. Plunkett, M. M. Mora & D. A. Neill, and S. zunacense M. M. Mora, Lowry, G. M. Plunkett & D. A. Neill. The conservation status of all four species is assessed as Vulnerable (VU D2) according to the IUCN Red List criteria.

scholarly journals Universitet og region – en sammensatt relasjon

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-130
Author(s):  
Peter Arbo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Many ◽  
The University

Over the past 50 years, there has been a large-scale expansion and decentralization of higher education in Norway. Today, there are universities throughout the country, and the institutions are expected to serve as drivers for regional development. This chapter explores the many-faceted and symbiotic relationship between university and region. The chapter is based on a comprehensive literature review and the author’s own empirical research. First, it examines the advantages and disadvantages that a region may have from a university. Next, the lens is turned and the question is: What difference can the region make to the university? Six major transformations outside and within the universities currently changing the ways in which universities and regions interact are then discussed. As a result of these changes, universities are facing increasingly complex demands and expectations, and the final part of the paper elucidates some of the dilemmas that this creates for the governance of the institutions.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

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