Effects of fertiliser application and shading on pomological properties and chemical composition of Aronia melanocarpa fruit in organic production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Boban Đorđević ◽  
Dejan Pljevljakušić ◽  
Katarina Šavikin ◽  
Dubravka Bigović ◽  
Teodora Janković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Research on Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Green Fodder Used in Ecological Production of Eggs for Consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 682-687
Author(s):  
Gherasim Nacu ◽  
Maria Bologa ◽  
Cecilia Pop ◽  
Paul Corneliu Boisteanu ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Green Fodder

The aim of this paper is to study the chemical composition of a green fodder used in laying hens feeding raised in ecological system; organic fodder being an important condition to obtain organic eggs for consumption. In order to evaluate the chemical composition variations of the green fodder throughout the year, there were taken plants samples in three different vegetation stages (May, September and October). To each period, were done 5 determinations for the following indicators: dry matter - DM (%), ash - Ash (%), crude protein - CP (%), ether extract - EE (%), crude fiber -CF(%), nitrogen free extract - (NFE%) calcium � Ca(%), phosphorus - P(%), magnesium - Mg (%), natrium -Na(%). And also, were analyzed the relevant indexes for the organic production: lead -Pb (mg/kg DM), cadmium - Cd (mg/kg DM), cooper -Cu (mg/kg DM), zinc - Zn (mg/kg DM) nitrites (ppm), nitrates (ppm), pesticides. After analysis, it was noticed that dry matter, minerals, organic matter and protein content varied very significantly between the first period and the third (p �0.001), while the fat content, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract did not register significant differences (p �0.05). Regarding the minerals elements analyzed, P and Mg differed significantly distinctly between the first and the last analyzed period. The content of green fodder in Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn was below the limits allowed by current legislation. The analyses for pesticides have highlighted the lack of them in the fodder. The quality parameters of the analyzed green fodder, expressed through levels of pollutants such as heavy metals, nitrites, nitrates, pesticides, allow us to notify that the green fodders achieve the conditions necessary for organic production.

Differences in sheep and goats milk fatty acid profile between conventional and organic farming systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Tsiplakou ◽  
Vaios Kotrotsios ◽  
Ioannis Hadjigeorgiou ◽  
George Zervas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Conventional Milk

The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in chemical composition and particularly in fatty acid (FA) profile, with emphasis on cis-9, trans-11 CLA, of milk obtained from conventional and organic dairy sheep and goats farms under the farming conditions practiced in Greece. Four dairy sheep and four dairy goat farms, representing common conventional production systems and another four dairy sheep and four dairy goat farms, organically certified, representing organic production and feeding systems were selected from all over Greece. One hundred and sixty two individual milk samples were collected from those farms in January–February 2009, about three months after parturition. The milk samples were analyzed for their main chemical constituents and their FA profile. The results showed that the production system affected milk chemical composition: in particular fat content was lower in the organic sheep and goats milk compared with the corresponding conventional. Milk from organic sheep had higher content in MUFA, PUFA, α-LNA, cis-9, trans-11 CLA, and ω-3 FA, whereas in milk from organic goats α-LNA and ω-3 FA content was higher than that in conventional one. These differences are, mainly, attributed to different feeding practices used by the two production systems. The results of this study show that the organic milk produced under the farming conditions practiced in Greece has higher nutritional value, due to its FA profile, compared with the respective conventional milk.

scholarly journals Analysis of Selected Properties of Fruits of Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) from Organic and Conventional Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 9096
Author(s):  
Magdalena Trenka ◽  
Agnieszka Nawirska-Olszańska ◽  
Maciej Oziembłowski
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Black Chokeberry ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients ◽  
Weak Luminescence ◽  
Very High

Chokeberry fruits can be treated as very rich sources of bioactive compounds and, therefore, have a very high biological value. The purpose of the study was to compare selected chemical and physical properties of chokeberry fruits, both from organic and conventional cultivations located near Cracow. Chemical composition of the fruit, content of the antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and ultra-weak luminescence were analyzed. It was proved that chokeberry fruits are rich in bioactive compounds and that ecological crops produce fruits with a higher level of such compounds. Chokeberry fruits from organic farms were proven to have a higher content of bioactive ingredients and antioxidant activity than in traditionally grown fruits. The total amount of sugars was ambiguous because both the highest and the lowest values were determined in fruits from traditional cultivation. Photon emissivity determined on the basis of ultra-weak luminescence was higher in fruits from organic cultivations. A very high correlation was also found between the photon emissivity and the content of polyphenols as well as the antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Contribution to reviewing potentials of natural resources of the Sjenica-Pester plateau for organizing organic sheep production

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Mila Savic ◽  
Savo Vuckovic ◽  
Slobodan Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Sheep Production

The paper presents results of investigating possibilities for organizing and developing organic production in sheep farming, in the territory of the Sjenica-Pester plateau. The results of investigations on yield, floristic and chemical composition, as well as harmful matter, demonstrate that conditions exist for the development of organic production, in particular of organic lamb meet. On the grounds of its known characteristics, the Sjenica-Pester Pramenka breed presents the most suitable breed for organizing organic sheep production. Organic sheep production can largely contribute to rural development and the advancement of this region.

scholarly journals Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa(Michx.) Elliot) Fruits and Functional Drinks Differ Significantly in Their Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petko Denev ◽  
Maria Kratchanova ◽  
Ivalina Petrova ◽  
Daniela Klisurova ◽  
Yordan Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Black Chokeberry

Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruits are among the richest sources of polyphenols and anthocyanins in plant kingdom and suitable raw material for production of functional foods. The popularity of chokeberries is not only due to their nutritional value but also to the constantly emerging evidence for their health-promoting effects. The current study presents detailed information about the content and composition of sugars, organic acids, and polyphenols in 23 aronia samples grown under the climatic conditions of Bulgaria, in 2016 and 2017. Sorbitol was found to be the main carbohydrate of fresh aronia fruits. Its content was in the range 6.5–13 g/100 g fresh weight (FW), representing 61%–68% of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates. Organic acids were represented by substantial amounts of quinic acid (average content 404.4 mg/100 g FW), malic acid (328.1 mg/100 g FW), and ascorbic acid (65.2 mg/100 g FW). Shikimic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid were found as minor components. Chokeberries were particularly rich in proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The total polyphenol content of aronia fruits varied between 1022 mg/100 g FW and 1795 mg/100 g FW and ORAC antioxidant activity from 109 µmol TE/g to 191 µmol TE/g FW. We also investigated the relationship between the chemical composition of berries and chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of aronia functional drinks—juices and nectars. The differences in the chemical composition of the fruits resulted in functional foods that differ significantly in their chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Additionally, we demonstrated that temperature of juice pressing and nectar extraction has a profound effect on the polyphenol content and composition of these products. This is very important since differences in the chemical composition of raw chokeberries and variation of technological parameters during processing could result in functional foods with different chemical composition, rendering different biological activity.

scholarly journals Fertiliser nitrogen effects on hill pasture and on grazing by ewes

2004 ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
A.G. Gillingham ◽  
M.H. Gray ◽  
S. Macmillan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
The North ◽  
Grazing Intensities ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
North And South ◽  
Grazing Behaviour

A study was conducted on seasonally dry hill pastures near Waipawa, central Hawkes Bay, over a two year period to investigate how the application of nitrogen (N) fertiliser changed the pasture chemical and species composition and if animals subsequently preferentially grazed that pasture. In Year 1 the short term effects of N fertiliser (30 kg N/ha) was evaluated on both north and south facing slopes after the pasture was spelled for about 12 to 25 days only after N fertiliser application. This period did not allow sufficient time for pasture dry matter (DM) responses to develop. In Year 2, using the same trial sites, the pasture was allowed to develop DM response differences of 500 kg/ha or more following N fertiliser application before animals commenced grazing. On each occasion, grazing observations were made during a 5 hour period following stock introduction to spelled pasture. Herbage mass per plot was measured prior to, and at the end of the grazing period, and the amounts of pasture utilised per plot calculated. In Year 1 there were three separate measurements and grazing observations. The first was in mid winter on pasture with a high dead matter and near zero clover content and overall low quality. N fertiliser had no effect on chemical composition. In the second and third observations in late July and September respectively, when more clover and less dead matter was present, N and crude protein (CP) concentrations were both enhanced by earlier N fertiliser application. Similarly in 2003 when herbage mass responses were allowed to accumulate following N fertiliser application, the pasture N, phosphorus, potassium and CP levels all increased and soluble sugars and starch levels decreased. These effects were more pronounced in the pasture from the south than from the north aspect. In Year 1 there were no differences between Nfertilised and non-fertilised plots in mean grazing intensity (ewes/100m2), or in the amounts of pasture DM utilised during grazing. In Year 2, grazing intensities and the amounts of pasture utilised, were higher where pasture mass was significantly higher as a result of N fertiliser application. The results suggested that where significantly greater pasture DM responses are allowed to occur, the subsequent grazing intensities will also be greater compared with grazing intensities on associatedpasture. It is likely that the differences in pasture chemical composition induced by application of N fertiliser at 30 kg /ha were insufficient to cause any difference in grazing behaviour by ewes. Higher N fertiliser rates may be required to induce such chemical changes and grazing preferences as observed in other studies. Keywords: grazing intensity, nitrogen fertiliser, pasture quality, pasture species

Chemical composition of tomato seeds affected by conventional and organic production systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ferrari ◽  
E. A. De Nadai Fernandes ◽  
F. S. Tagliaferro ◽  
M. A. Bacchi ◽  
T. C. G. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Tomato Seeds

scholarly journals Tehnologija ekološke gnojidbe aronije (Aronia melanocarpa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-83
Author(s):  
David Gluhić
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Official Data

Over the last decade, in Croatia are growing a lot of new plantations of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). While it was a plant species that was mostly planted on the home grounds, today is more intensive cultivation plants and have been growing more than 200 family farms in Croatia now. Although there is no official data on the total area of chokeberry in Croatia, according to the data from the other source, it can be said that the production is about 100 ha total. Due to good adaptability to different agro-ecological conditions, most of the new and intensive plantations in Croatia are certified for ecological/organic production. Namely, due to their nutritional value, high content of polyphenols and strong antioxidant activity, fruits and their products (juice, syrup, tea, jam, etc.) are highly demand products on the market of healthy and ecological foods. Therefore, knowledge of ecological fertilization technology is very important in the production of this fruit

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