Regional Job-Turnover and Industrial Policy. A Note on a Potential Time Pattern of Regional Industrial Policies and their Job Effects — the Case of the German City-State of Bremen

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Wolfram Elsner
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
German City ◽  
City State

Industrial Policy and Local Economic Transformation: Evidence From the U.S. Rust Belt

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124242110228
Author(s):  
Ben Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Rust Belt ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
State And Local

State and local governments frequently invest in policies aimed at stimulating the growth of new industries, but studies of industrial policy and related economic development initiatives cast doubt on their effectiveness. This article examines the role of state-level industrial policies in contributing to the different economic trajectories of two U.S. metro areas—Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Cleveland, Ohio—as they adapted to the decline of their legacy industries. Comparative case studies show that industrial policies in Pittsburgh, which empowered research universities as local economic leaders, contributed to the transformation of the local economy. In Cleveland, by contrast, state industrial policies invested in making incremental improvements, particularly in legacy sectors. The article concludes that by empowering new local economic actors—such as universities—industrial policies can foment political change that enables structural economic change to follow.

scholarly journals Intellectual Property: How Much Room is Left for Industrial Policy?

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Correa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trade Negotiations ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Ip Protection ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Industrialization Process

The early industrialization process in developed countries took place under flexible frameworks of intellectual property (IP) protection. Those countries, however, proposed and obtained in trade negotiations the adoption of an international IP regime that expanded and strengthened such protection. While the role of this regime, especially patents, in promoting innovation is controversial, it may effectively limit the ability of developing countries to implement industrial policies. These countries can preserve some room to implement such policies by using certain flexibilities, such as applying rigorous standards of patentability and granting compulsory licenses to broaden the space for local production.

A Strategic Approach to Industrial Hubs

2020 ◽  
pp. 875-913
Author(s):  
Arkebe Oqubay ◽  
Deborah M. Kefale
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Learning ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Learning As A Process

The experience of industrial hubs in Africa is characterized by unevenness and mixed outcomes. Most African countries did not start developing hubs until the late 1990s and 2000s, and most have been unsuccessful in driving sustained industrialization and structural transformation. Although relatively new to industrial hubs policies, Ethiopia has embraced active industrial policies in pursuit of its developmental goals, and this chapter examines its nascent experience and experiments on industrial hubs, linking with experiences elsewhere, and extracting lessons for policymakers and practitioners from both successes and failures. This chapter complements the other chapters on empirical evidence from Africa and illustrates the complex process faced by late latecomers of the twenty-first century. It underlines the centrality of the strategic approach to industrial hubs and its connection with the industrial policy framework. The focus is on policy learning as a process rather than on success as an outcome of what remains a work in progress.

Managing Trade through Productive Integration

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-265
Author(s):  
Richard Kozul-Wright ◽  
Piergiuseppe Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Export Strategy ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Trade And Investment

This chapter reviews the debates around trade and industrial policy and discusses how the composition of trade and investment flows, as well as the spread and form of participation in GVCs, affects structural transformation. It focuses on three characteristics that have been identified in the literature as critical to assessing the export structure of an economy and its potential to accelerate industrialization: the diversification of production, the level of sophistication of the exported products and upgrading of productive capacities/capabilities required to sustain the production and export of increasingly sophisticated goods, and the establishment of linkages within and across sectors. The chapter also discusses the critical components of a national export strategy which could support the insertion of national firms in international markets, adopt a strategic approach to attracting FDI and enable constant upgrading along global (and regional) value chains. Because, success comes not simply from shifting resources from primary activities to labour-intensive manufactures but also anticipating future challenges in these industries (as costs rise and new competitors emerge) and nurturing new linkages and more sophisticated products. An effective national export strategy depends on active industrial policies, targeted support for upgrading, and regional economic arrangements.

scholarly journals New Strategic Approaches to Gaining from Emerging Advanced Manufacturing Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Yuri Simachev ◽  
◽  
Anna Fedyunina ◽  
Maksim Yurevich ◽  
Mikhail Kuzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Context

Advanced Manufacturing (AM) markets are a major factor of contemporary worldwide growth that to a large extent determines countries’ competitiveness. Strengthening and/or optimizing the positions on AM markets is among the major challenges for modern industrial policy. This article discusses the structure and dynamics of the development of advanced manufacturing markets, as well as the specifics of the policies of the countries strengthening their positions in these markets. Gaining entry into AM markets currently implies individual countries’ and industries’ adopting different models which combine a wide range of factors. Small nations are rapidly applying such approaches, gaining advantages and thus increasing their competitive edge, which creates certain challenges for leading high-tech countries too slow to adjust their industrial policies. So far the basis for Industry 4.0 markets is just emerging, and remains limited to a few nations including developing ones. Country cases are presented below to illustrate the development of AM markets. The authors conclude that in the current context, no universal approaches to shaping a successful industrial policy remain. The most productive strategy is to combine the unique advantages of a particular economy.

scholarly journals The New Empirics of Industrial Policy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Lane
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Nations have and will continue to shape their economies through industrial policy. Nevertheless, the empirical literature on these interventions is thin, dwarfed by the attention industrial policies receive from policymakers across the world. In this paper, I discuss the difficulties of empirically studying industrial policy and review how new econometric work is confronting these issues. Through careful research design and attention to institutional detail, I argue that emergent studies are rapidly expanding what we know—and updating what we thought we knew—about these policies. As well, I argue tools from policy evaluation allow us to study the impact of endogenous industrial interventions. This review is a proposal to take industrial policy, along with their complexities, more seriously as objects of inquiry. Doing so requires not only more serious evaluations of past policy but also a reevaluation of past empirical work and consensus.

Varieties of Innovation in Wind and Solar Industries

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-48
Author(s):  
Jonas Nahm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Political System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Similar Growth

This chapter lays out the central empirical puzzle that motivates the book. It makes two central claims. First, it shows that a common political logic led governments in China, Germany, and the United States to converge on similar policy goals and industrial policy tools in support of wind and solar industries. The need to politically justify public investments in renewable energy sectors ultimately yielded similar growth and employment-focused industrial policies irrespective of the underlying political system. The second half of the chapter chronicles the persistent and consequential divergence of national industrial specializations despite these policy similarities. In the early 2000s, just after China’s WTO accession accelerated changes in the organization of many global industries, firms chose different technological specializations and competitive strategies for participation in emerging wind and solar industries: innovative manufacturing in China, customization in Germany, and invention in the United States.

scholarly journals Industrial Policy and Learning

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-234
Author(s):  
Wilson Peres ◽  
Annalisa Primi
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Learning And Change

This chapter contributes to the understanding of how nations learn by looking at Latin America. It focuses on the experiences of some of the most advanced countries in the region, notably Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. Industrial policies have been no strangers in these countries, however, diversifying the economy and catching up are still pending challenges. The analysis of the evolution of policies for industrialization and technological development from the 1950s onward clarifies why, in most cases, they had limited impact on domestic learning and catching-up dynamics. The review of some recent successful cases (from Chile, Uruguay, and Mexico) sheds light on which specific institutional and political economy dynamics enabled the activation of learning and change in the economy. The achievements and the persistent shortcomings of the region contribute to identifying lessons for growth and development whose relevance goes beyond Latin America and contributes to the overall global debate on how countries can achieve prosperity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document