Effect of powder injection rate on the flow field of coherent lime powder injection (C-LPI) for EAF steelmaking

In this paper the processing steps for producing SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) supports by means of PIM (Powder Injection Molding) technique were investigated. Injection molding parameters in this study were divided into pressure-related (injection pressure and packing pressure), temperature-related (nozzle temperature and mold temperature), and time-related (injection rate and holding time) parameters. Keeping the other parameters (pressure-related, temperature-related and time-related parameters) constant at an optimized value, the effects of each of the molding parameters above were investigated. The results show that the short shot, warpage, weld line and void are the most common defects in molded parts. According to the results the short shot could be seen in low values of injection pressure, injection rate, nozzle and mold temperature. Also, warpage could be seen in high values of mold temperature, injection and packing pressure. Poor weld line was another defect that could be seen in low values of injection pressure, injection rate, nozzle and mold temperature. Also the void was one of the most common defects that could be seen in high values of injection rate and nozzle temperatures. Finally, using optimized molding parameters, the molded parts underwent debinding and sintering processes. Based on the results of thermal shock tests and the porosity measurements of the sintered parts, these molded parts possessed relatively desirable characteristics.

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Adaptive process control for achieving consistent particles' states in atmospheric plasma spray process

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04296-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

B. Guduri ◽

M. Cybulsky ◽

G. R. Pickrell ◽

R. C. Batra

Keyword(s):

Plasma Spray ◽

Adaptive Controller ◽

Injection Rate ◽

Atmospheric Plasma Spray ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Powder Injection ◽

Manufacturing Cost ◽

Mean Values ◽

Spray Process ◽

Plasma Spray Process

AbstractThe coatings produced by an atmospheric plasma spray process (APSP) must be of uniform quality. However, the complexity of the process and the random introduction of noise variables such as fluctuations in the powder injection rate and the arc voltage make it difficult to control the coating quality that has been shown to depend upon mean values of powder particles’ temperature and speed, collectively called mean particles’ states (MPSs), just before they impact the substrate. Here, we use a science-based methodology to develop a stable and adaptive controller for achieving consistent MPSs and thereby decrease the manufacturing cost. We first identify inputs into the APSP that significantly affect the MPSs and then formulate a relationship between these two quantities. When the MPSs deviate from their desired values, the adaptive controller is shown to successfully adjust the input parameters to correct them. The performance of the controller is tested via numerical experiments using the software, LAVA-P, that has been shown to well simulate the APSP.

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Optimization of Injection Molding Parameters for WC-Co Feedstocks

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v63.1454 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sri Yulis M. Amin ◽

Norhamidi Muhamad ◽

Khairur Rijal Jamaludin

Keyword(s):

Injection Molding ◽

Palm Stearin ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Injection Rate ◽

Powder Injection ◽

Green Density ◽

Green Body ◽

Binder System ◽

Data Measurement ◽

Measurement Design

This study investigates the effect of injection molding parameters on the density of green body of cemented carbide (WC-Co) – based powder injection molding (PIM) feedstock. Experiments were conducted with ball-milled WC-Co powder mixed with a palm stearin and polyethylene binder system. To minimize the test run while maintaining the quality standard of data measurement, design of experiment approach, particularly Taguchi Method with L18 orthogonal array was used in the present study. Several parameters were considered, namely, powder loading, injection temperature, holding pressure and injection rate, while density of the green body as the response factor. The results show the optimum combination of injection factor that produces the best green density value, which eventually will leads to higher density for sintered parts.

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Forced Combustion Characteristics Related to Different Injection Locations in Unheated Supersonic Flow

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12091746 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1746 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chae-Hyoung Kim ◽

In-Seuck Jeung

Keyword(s):

Supersonic Flow ◽

Flow Field ◽

Plasma Jet ◽

Injection Rate ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Main Flow ◽

Dispersion Characteristics ◽

Gas Sampling ◽

Combustion Performance ◽

The Relationship

This work focuses on forced combustion with regards to the relationship between vent mixer models and several injection locations in unheated supersonic flow. A plasma jet torch was used to ignite the hydrogen-air mixture in a laboratory-scaled combustor duct. The flow field of the combustion was visualized with pressure and gas-sampling measurements. The vent mixers indicate good dispersion characteristics of the mixture for both parallel and normal 1 injections. However, forced combustion is dominantly governed by the injection rate toward the plasma jet (hot source) because the combustible region is restricted under the cold main flow. For this reason, the parallel injection, which provides the hydrogen-air mixture directly toward the plasma jet, shows good combustion performance. The normal 1 injection interacted with the vent mixers and shows slightly good combustion performance. Lastly, the normal 2 injection is little affected by the vent mixers and has poor combustion performance.

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“O.L.P.”: Oxygen, lime-powder injection

JOM ◽

10.1007/bf03398232 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 466-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Trentini ◽

M. Allard

Keyword(s):

Powder Injection ◽

Lime Powder

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Detailed measurements of the flow field in vaneless and vaned diffusers of centrifugal compressors

Journal de Physique III ◽

10.1051/jp3:1992213 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

pp. 1787-1804 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christian Fradin

Keyword(s):

Flow Field ◽

Centrifugal Compressors

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Numerical Study of the Combined Free-Forced Convection and Mass Transfer Flow Past a Vertical Porous Plate in a Porous Medium with Heat Generation and Thermal Diffusion

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2006.11.4.14737 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 331-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. S. Alam ◽

M. M. Rahman ◽

M. A. Samad

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Flow Field ◽

Differential Equations ◽

Forced Convection ◽

Heat Generation ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Porous Plate ◽

Integration Scheme ◽

Suction Parameter ◽

Transfer Flow

The problem of combined free-forced convection and mass transfer flow over a vertical porous flat plate, in presence of heat generation and thermaldiffusion, is studied numerically. The non-linear partial differential equations and their boundary conditions, describing the problem under consideration, are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by using usual similarity transformations. This system is solved numerically by applying Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration technique together with Runge-Kutta sixth order integration scheme. The effects of suction parameter, heat generation parameter and Soret number are examined on the flow field of a hydrogen-air mixture as a non-chemical reacting fluid pair. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the flow field is significantly influenced by these parameters.

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