Updated Molecular Spectrum of β-Thalassemia Mutations in Duhok Province, Northern Iraq: Ethnic Variation and the Impact of Immigration

There were signs of the first civilization known to humanity for more than 6000 years BC in the north of Iraq have disappeared this civilization to appear after 500 years in southern Iraq, the Sumerian civilization, which was considered as the opinion of scientists or civilizations, exceeds the impact to Asia and the countries that had been in contact (Sumerians) and see them today in other towns and villages. In subsequent periods of time appeared distinct personalities to their nature, religious, social, special clothing with clothes seem especially long. And usually dress is made from raw wool material making them in the Sumerian era. Put the garment on the body and leaves the top of the right shoulder with the survival of an open hand. There are of special clothing used by the clergy in the exercise of religious mourning rituals .There are traditional clothes to the clergy of other faiths. The clothing we see in the beginning of the third millennium BC has gained status in society in general, and was also the head cover. The animals have for centuries symbolized the signs of a divinity that we see hanging on the walls of some temples in northern Iraq. Centuries have been mentioned in the history of the Arabian were animal horns in Sumerian times to symbolize the moon in the Sumerian language .

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The impact of ISIS control on the livestock sector in Iraq (a study in geopolitics)

Journal of Raparin University ◽

10.26750/vol(7).no(4).paper20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 395-431

Author(s):

Talaat Muhammad Taher Omar Al-Boutani

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

International Organizations ◽

Internal Migration ◽

Military Operations ◽

Northern Iraq ◽

Livestock Sector ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Dramatic Decline ◽

The Impact

Livestock resources experienced a dramatic decline in each of Nineveh, Anbar, Salah Al-Din, and parts of Kirkuk and Diyala provinces due to the Islamic states invasion into those areas in June 2014.According to estimates by some international organizations in Iraq, Livestock numbers decreased significantly by 65% from what it was in 2010. Major reasons for Livestock decline in Iraq were conflict, military operations, aerial bombardment, banditry, and lack of health care resulted in the deaths of large numbers of Livestock, in addition to forced internal migration, that resulted in the migration of about four million Iraqis where they had to leave their homes towards western and northern Iraq. It can be concluded that due to the dramatic decline in Livestock, Iraq lost more than 1.674 billion dollars.

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The transformation of Turkish foreign policy: The rise of the trading state

New Perspectives on Turkey ◽

10.1017/s0896634600005203 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 29-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Kemal Kirişçi

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Soft Power ◽

Post Cold War ◽

Northern Iraq ◽

Turkish Foreign Policy ◽

Regional Conflicts ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Impact

AbstractRecently, Turkish foreign policy, compared to the 1990s, has manifested a number of puzzlements. They range from the rapprochement with Greece, the turnabout over Cyprus, mediation efforts involving a series of regional conflicts to a policy seeking an improvement in relations with Armenia and Kurds of Northern Iraq. These puzzlements have increasingly transformed Turkey from being cited as a “post-Cold War warrior” or a “regional coercive power” to a “benign” if not “soft” power. Academic literature has tried to account for these puzzlements and the accompanying transformation in Turkish foreign policy from a wide range of theoretical perspectives. This literature has undoubtedly enriched our understanding of what drives Turkish foreign policy. At the same time, this literature has not paid adequate attention to the role of economic factors shaping Turkish foreign policy as we approach the end of the first decade of the new century. This article aims to highlight this gap and at the same time offer a preliminary conceptual framework based on Richard Rosecrance's notion of the “trading state” and Robert Putnam's idea of “two-level diplomatic games” to explore the impact of economic considerations on Turkish foreign policy.

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Seroconversion to Brucella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii in Sheep and Goats in Dohuk Province, Iraq and Its Association with Pregnancy Loss

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030836 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 836

Author(s):

Ali Al Hamada ◽

Ihab Habib ◽

Mieghan Bruce ◽

Anne Barnes ◽

Ian D. Robertson

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Ultrasound Examination ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Northern Iraq ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

In Series ◽

The Impact

In this study, sera from 240 small ruminants (192 sheep and 48 goats) belonging to 12 farms in Dohuk Province, northern Iraq, were collected on two occasions to investigate the incidence risk of seroconversion to Brucella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii. All selected animals were confirmed pregnant (approximately 2 months pregnant) by ultrasound examination at the time of the first blood collection. A second ultrasound examination and blood sampling were undertaken two months after the initial scanning/sampling. Antibodies to Brucella were tested using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), and the results were interpreted in series. The Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) were also used in series to confirm the presence of antibodies to T. gondii. The seroprevalence for Brucella and Toxoplasma increased significantly between the two sampling times (p = 0.0003 and 0.03 in first and second sampling, respectively). The incidence risk of seroconversion to Brucella over the two months was 10.6% (95% CI: 6.9–15.3) and 7.3% (95% CI: 4.3–11.6) for Toxoplasma. Animals that seroconverted to Brucella were 2.9 times more likely to lose their pregnancy (95% CI: 1.6–5.5) than animals that remained seronegative; however, seroconversion to Toxoplasma had no significant impact on loss of pregnancy. This study is the first reported investigation on the association of seroconversion to Brucella and Toxoplasma with the reproductive outcome of pregnant sheep and goats in northern Iraq. Brucellosis and toxoplasmosis continue to negatively impact small ruminants' reproductive performance and compromising food security in Iraq. It is hoped that this study will assist the development of a better-informed economic model to estimate Brucella and Toxoplasma burden in small animals in northern Iraq, and such a model could be used to validate the impact of various potential intervention programs in.

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The Impact of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress on Emotional Stability among the University Students from the view of educational aspects

Propósitos y Representaciones ◽

10.20511/pyr2020.v8n3.520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Shahla ALI AHMED ◽

◽

Yağmur ÇERKEZ ◽

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Well Being ◽

Emotional Stability ◽

Northern Iraq ◽

Model Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The University ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Impact

In the contemporary society, depression, anxiety, and stress are much more common than it was in history. The recent studies have outlined that the young adults are experiencing depression and anxiety disorders that is affecting their emotional and mental well-being. Aim of this co-relational survey model study is to investigate the impact of anxiety, depression and stress on emotional stability in terms of gender, age, year of study, department and place they stay. The study adapted pre-designed questionnaires to collect data. The sample of the study consists of approximately 260 undergraduate university students from University of Sulaymaniyah in Northern Iraq. The researcher adapted two scales first Henry and Crawford scale that call DASS for measuring the level of anxiety, depression, and stress and second one to measure Emotional stability using a self-reported scale. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 to find result for this thesis. The results of the study outlined that there is a negative but significant correlation among depression, anxiety, and stress with emotional stability. Also there is no significant relationship between emotional stability in terms of gender and age, other findings of the study show that DASS has no significant relationship with age, and year of study and place of stay in generally, but there a significant difference between DASS in terms of gender and department.

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العامل الدولي وآثره في القضية الكردية في العراق ‏1958- 1991 ‏

Journal of Education College Wasit University ◽

10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss27.63 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (27) ◽

pp. 211-258

Author(s):

عكـاب يوسف الركابي

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

National Security ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The Other ◽

Political Arena ◽

Northern Iraq ◽

Foreign Intervention ◽

Key Factor ◽

Kurdish Issue ◽

The Impact

Addresses've marked the international factor and its impact on the Kurdish issue in Iraq, 1958- 1991, the importance of having and the emergence of the issue on the Iraqi political arena this apparition Atzamn and effectively with the start of the formation of the Iraqi state on 23 August 1921 as a researcher and perhaps believed other massively multiplayer that the international factor, is the key factor and effective in feeding and the presence and persistence of the issue in Iraq, as well as the presence of some erroneous domestic policies practiced by some regimes and governments have to govern Iraq while dealing Tamla short-sighted with this issue, which formed another factor in the continuation of the impact of this issue negatively in Iraq as an endangered the national security of the Iraqi issues, but nevertheless we should not ignore the willingness of the Kurdish forces in northern Iraq, to deal with the outside world and open up to the international factor on the inside account of this deal, which had a negative impact is the other to move away from national solutions to this issue. From this point of touch research and clearly, the impact and effective powers of any international factor and some neighboring countries in the permanence and continuity in that case Bmngsatha formed weigh heavily on the shoulders of the Iraqi state since Ceccheha and so far as it turns out, that all the solutions put forward by the previous Iraqi regimes to deal with the Kurdish issue, not unlucky complete success as clear that the reason lies, as well as lack of seriousness in the adoption of the standard of citizenship, equality and social justice in those solutions, is the weakness of the Iraqi foreign policy, which also failed to stop foreign intervention in this case, Thus, the new Iraqi regime after 2003, be aware of this fact, viz., that any attempt to resolve the Kurdish issue within the framework of the Iraqi state, without the attention of the international factor and how to deal with him, it would be doomed to failure.

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