Influence of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Development of Opportunistic Infection in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PWHAs)

HIV/AIDS disease is a health problem in indonesia. The problem cause of the number of morbility and mortality that still hight. It is cause of long term infection, adherance consuming the drungs and opportunistic that can deastroy the imun system of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). The purpose of this research is to identify the factors related to the people living with PLHIV in Achmad Muchtar Hospital Bukittinggi2016.This research was conducted by a retrospective cohort design approach, doing research of the death of people who living with HIV by observing the patient’s medical record from 2014-2015. The research of study were 215 patient’s who is criteria inclusion. Analysis data using test chi-square. who became the independent variable is long infection, adherance comsuming the Anti Retroviral (ARV) , and opportunistic infection and dependent variable that survive the HIV people life.The research showed that among 215 patients with the number of deaths 39 people ( 18,% ), stages 3 and 4 (>5 th) is 89 people ( 41.4% ), not adherence is 77 people ( 35.8% ), and who suffered an opportunistic infection were 61 people (28.4% ). The statistical test relationships survival of people living with HIV with long-term infection obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,019 ( confidence interfal 95 % with alpha = 0.05 ), adherance comsuming the ARV obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,494 ( confidence interfal 95 % with alpha = 0.05 ), infection opportunistic obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,361 ( confidence interfal 95 % with αlpha = 0.05 ).From these findings, it can be concluded that the long-term infection, adherence ARV and opportunistic infections associated with survival of people living with HIV. Of the three variables obtained interrelated and value the highest association is long-term infection.

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Undernutrition and associated factors among HIV-Infected adults receiving ART at Health centers, Lega Tafo and Surrounding, Ethiopia, 2021

10.21203/rs.3.rs-850430/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lelisa Worku Belcha

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Household Food Security ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Food ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Globally 38 million people were living with HIV in 2019. In Africa, 25 million people are living with HIV/AIDS undernutrition and food insecurity is endemic. Hence the study aimed to assess the magnitude of undernutrition and associated factors among HIV-infected adults receiving ART. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients who following the ART service was selected by a simple random sampling method. The data were collected by direct interview, using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and a Logistic regression model were employed. Result: The study revealed that the magnitude of under-nutrition was 18.8%. The history of opportunistic infection (AOR=4.518:95% CI: 2.304-8.857), Patients taking ART for less than one year (AOR=3.675:95% CI: 1.831-7.377) household food insecure (AOR= 3.113:95% CI: 1.628-5.950) and dietary diversity score (AOR=2.340:95% CI: 1.221-4.485) were found to have a statistically significant association with undernutrition. Conclusion: The magnitude of undernutrition among people living with HIV/AIDS was found to be high. Having an opportunistic infection, duration of taking ART treatment, household food security status, and dietary diversity status were found to statistically significant association with undernutrition.

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Socio demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/AIDS registered at ART centre of Government Medical College, Nagpur

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181700 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1929

Author(s):

Uday W. Narlawar ◽

Rushali Rajan Lilare ◽

Ganpat Mirdude

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Government Medical College ◽

Age Group ◽

Medical College ◽

Common Opportunistic Infection ◽

Mode Of Transmission ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lentivirus, subgroup of retrovirus causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Objective was to study socio demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) registered at ART centre of Government Medical College, Nagpur.Methods: The present was cross sectional record based among the people living with HIV/AIDS registered from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2013 at ART centre of the hospital.Results: There were total 2042 PLHIV subjects with Majority of subjects 37.76% were in age group 35-44 years with 80.26% were from urban area. Almost 46.34% study subjects were educated up to secondary class. Maximum subjects 38.29% belonged to IV socioeconomic class. The sexual mode of transmission being most common mode of transmission with 79.97 % subjects possibly acquiring infection through heterosexual route. About, 24.94% study subjects had opportunistic infections, out of that tuberculosis being was the most common opportunistic infection in 67.48% of study subjects. About 42.12% of the deaths of subjects were registered in year 2011.Conclusions: The study found that most of the subjects were from age group 15 to 54 years and sexual route being the commonest possible mode of transmission. Tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection. Deaths were reported more in the year 2011 as compare to 2012 and 2013.

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Monthly or Weekly Supplementation with Cholecalciferol 20,000 IU in People Living with HIV: Results from a Nested Cohort Study

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2018/7502127 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sebastian Noe ◽

Christine I. Moeckel ◽

Christiane Schwerdtfeger ◽

Celia Oldenbuettel ◽

Hans Jaeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Weekly Dose ◽

Wide Range ◽

Living With Hiv

Background. There is still considerable uncertainty in handling vitamin D deficiency in people living with HIV (PLWH), due to a lack of comparative data and the wide range of recommended daily intake. Nondaily supplementation might be preferred in many PLWH, but recommendation on dosing has not been established. We aimed to compare the efficacy of weekly versus monthly supplementation with cholecalciferol 20,000 IU in a group of PLWH with vitamin D deficiency in Western Europe. Study Design. Longitudinal, retrospective nested cohort study of PLWH from two large clinical care centers in Munich, Germany. Results. Of 307 patients with vitamin D deficiency, 124 patients received vitamin D supplementation (weekly supplementation in 84 (67.7%)). 46.4% and 22.5% of patients achieved 25(OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL after 12 months of weekly and monthly supplementation with cholecalciferol 20,000 IU, respectively (p=0.011). Dosing interval as well as 25(OH)D baseline levels >15 ng/mL were associated with the normalization of 25(OH)D. Conclusion. A higher rate of 25(OH)D level normalization can be achieved via weekly supplementation. For several PLWH, even a weekly dose of cholecalciferol 20,000 IU might not be adequate to maintain 25(OH)D levels >30 ng/mL without an initial “loading” dose. The response to supplementation is poorly predictable at an individual level.

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Brief Communication: Economic Comparison of Opportunistic Infection Management With Antiretroviral Treatment in People Living With HIV/AIDS Presenting at an NGO Clinic in Bangalore, India

Journal of the International AIDS Society ◽

10.1186/1758-2652-8-4-24 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 24-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KR John ◽

Nirmala Rajagopalan ◽

Nirmala Madhuri

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Infection Management ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Economic Comparison ◽

Hiv Aids

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The factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in people living with HIV/AIDS: a retrospective study

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20204527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 1726

Author(s):

Ketut Suryana ◽

Hamong Suharsono ◽

Mochamad P. Pujasakti

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Antibiotic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can occurred during any treatment of infection, especially opportunistic infections in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide fixed dose combination antibiotic, consisted of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim which is effective in treatment of several infections and for prophylaxis of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. The universal use of co-trimoxazole for prophylaxis has been shown to decrease hospitalizations, morbidity and mortality among PLWHA, but potentially associated with ADRs include drug hypersensitivity reaction. The objective was to identify factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in PLWHA.Methods: A retrospective study were enrolled 404 participants PLWHA who were received co-trimoxazole due to co-trimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (CPT), between January 2015–December 2018. The independence variables such as age, sex, history of allergy, hypersensitivity reactions, duration of therapy (days), CD4 (cells/µl) and opportunistic infection to co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction were analyzed using spearman test.Results: Mostly of the participants was male: 253 (62.60%). Eighteen (4.50%) with history of allergy, 64 (15.90%) were known co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction. The most frequent clinical manifestation was maculopapular rash: 27 (42.3%), followed by urticaria alone: 17 (26.3%), fixed drug eruption: 12 (19.6%), and angioedema with or without urticaria: 8 (11.8%). The history of allergy, opportunistic infection and duration of treatment were associated factors to co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction.Conclusions: This study was identified, that history of allergy, duration of treatment and opportunistic infection were factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in PLWHA.

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