Selection of Common Items as an Unrecognized Source of Variability in Test Equating: A Bootstrap Approximation Assuming Random Sampling of Common Items

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis P. Michaelides ◽  
Edward H. Haertel
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Test Equating ◽  
Bootstrap Approximation ◽  
Common Items ◽  
Selection Of

Network Selection in Wireless Heterogeneous Environment Based on Available Bandwidth Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Ahuja ◽  
Brahmjit Singh ◽  
Rajesh Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Network Selection ◽  
Bandwidth Estimation ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Bootstrap Approximation ◽  
Available Bandwidth ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Available Bandwidth Estimation ◽  
Selection Of

Background: With the availability of multiple options in wireless network simultaneously, Always Best Connected (ABC) requires dynamic selection of the best network and access technologies. Objective: In this paper, a novel dynamic access network selection algorithm based on the real time is proposed. The available bandwidth (ABW) of each network is required to be estimated to solve the network selection problem. Method: Proposed algorithm estimates available bandwidth by taking averages, peaks, low points and bootstrap approximation for network selection. It monitors real-time internet connection and resolves the selection issue in internet connection. The proposed algorithm is capable of adapting to prevailing network conditions in heterogeneous environment of 2G, 3G and WLAN networks without user intervention. It is implemented in temporal and spatial domains to check its robustness. Estimation error, overhead, estimation time with the varying size of traffic and reliability are used as the performance metrics. Results: Through numerical results, it is shown that the proposed algorithm’s ABW estimation based on bootstrap approximation gives improved performance in terms of estimation error (less than 20%), overhead (varies from 0.03% to 83%) and reliability (approx. 99%) with respect to existing techniques. Conclusion: Our proposed methodology of network selection criterion estimates the available bandwidth by taking averages, peaks, and low points and bootstrap approximation method (standard deviation) for the selection of network in the wireless heterogeneous environment. It monitors real-time internet connection and resolves internet connections selection issue. All the real-time usage and test results demonstrate the productivity and adequacy of available bandwidth estimation with bootstrap approximation as a practical solution for consistent correspondence among heterogeneous wireless networks by precise network selection for multimedia services.

scholarly journals Non-random sampling and association tests on realized returns and risk proxies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Ecker ◽  
Jennifer Francis ◽  
Per Olsson ◽  
Katherine Schipper
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Distribution Matching ◽  
Matched Samples ◽  
Data Requirements ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis paper investigates how data requirements often encountered in archival accounting research can produce a data-restricted sample that is a non-random selection of observations from the reference sample to which the researcher wishes to generalize results. We illustrate the effects of non-random sampling on results of association tests in a setting with data on one variable of interest for all observations and frequently-missing data on another variable of interest. We develop and validate a resampling approach that uses only observations from the data-restricted sample to construct distribution-matched samples that approximate randomly-drawn samples from the reference sample. Our simulation tests provide evidence that distribution-matched samples yield generalizable results. We demonstrate the effects of non-random sampling in tests of the association between realized returns and five implied cost of equity metrics. In this setting, the reference sample has full information on realized returns, while on average only 16% of reference sample observations have data on cost of equity metrics. Consistent with prior research (e.g., Easton and Monahan The Accounting Review 80, 501–538, 2005), analysis using the unadjusted (non-random) cost of equity sample reveals weak or negative associations between realized returns and cost of equity metrics. In contrast, using distribution-matched samples, we find reliable evidence of the theoretically-predicted positive association. We also conceptually and empirically compare distribution-matching with multiple imputation and selection models, two other approaches to dealing with non-random samples.

scholarly journals Deepening and Connecting Democratic Processes. The Opportunities and Pitfalls of Mini-Publics in Renewing Democracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Ank Michels ◽  
Harmen Binnema
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
The Core ◽  
Equal Chance ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Selection Of

In recent decades, so-called “mini-publics” have been organized in many countries to renew policy making and democracy. One characteristic of mini-publics is that the selection of the participants is based on random sampling or sortition. This gives each member of the community an equal chance of being selected. Another feature is that deliberation forms the core of the process of how proposals are developed. In this paper, we investigate the possibilities and challenges of sortition and deliberation in the context of the call for a deepening of democracy and more citizen engagement in policy making. Based on extensive research on citizens’ forums (G1000) in The Netherlands, we show the potential of mini-publics, but a number of shortcomings as well. Some of these are related to the specific design of the G1000, while others are of a more fundamental nature and are due to the contradictory democratic values that deliberative mini-publics try to combine. One of these concerns the tension between the quality of deliberation and political impact. We conclude that combining institutional approaches could be a way out to deal with these tensions and a step forward to both deepen and connect democratic processes.

Use of IoT and Different Biofeedback to Measure TTH

2021 ◽  
pp. 486-525
Author(s):  
Rohit Rastogi ◽  
Devendra Kumar Chaturvedi ◽  
Mayank Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Visual Biofeedback ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter applied the random sampling in selection of the subjects suffering with headache, and care was taken that they ensure to fulfill the International Headache Society criteria. Subjects under consideration were assigned the two groups of GSR-integrated audio-visual feedback, GSR (audio-visual)- and EMG (audio-visual)-integrated feedback groups. In 10 sessions, the subjects experienced the GSR and EMG BF therapy for 15 minutes. Twenty subjects were subjected to EEG therapy. The variables for stress (pain) and SF-36 (quality of life) scores were recorded at starting point, 30 days, and 90 days after the starting of GSR and EMG-BF therapy. To reduce the anxiety and depression in day-to-day routine, the present research work is shown as evidence in favor of the mindful meditation. The physical, mental, and total scores increased over the time duration of SF-36 scores after 30- and 90-days recordings (p<0.05). Intergroup analysis has demonstrated the improvement. EMG-audio visual biofeedback group also showed highest improvement in SF-36 scores at first and third month follow up. EEG measures the Alpha waves for the subjects after meditation. GSR, EMG, and EEG-integrated auditory-visual biofeedback are efficient in solution of stress due to TTH with most advantage seen.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tumpang Sari Horticulture Farming in Pattappang Village, Gowa Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Fitri Anugrah Sari ◽  
Muh Ilmi Ikhsan Sabur ◽  
Siti Nurazizah Jufri ◽  
Ainim Paradita ◽  
Bima Wicaksana Pawiloi
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Selection Of

This research was prepared aiming to determine the amount of cost, income, and efficiency of vegetable farming in the Buluballea Environment, Pattappang Village, Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency. Besides this research is also to determine the effect of factors such as land area, labor, manure, urea fertilizer, KCl fertilizer, ZA fertilizer, and cropping patterns on costs and income. Tumpangsari Farming is planting in almost the same time for the same two types of crops. The basic method used in this research is descriptive study and is done by interview technique. The selection of sample farmers uses a stratified random sampling method with a total of 5 (five) people. The type of data used in the study is primary data and secondary data collected by interview, note-taking, and observation techniques

scholarly journals Hubungan kebiasaan melewatkan sarapan dan Pemilihan jajanan dengan kejadian Wasting di Desa Sembung Kecamatan Wringinanom Kabupaten Gresik

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Aditya Faisal Rakhman ◽  
Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Skipping Breakfast ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Wasting prevalence in Indonesia is never been decreased for years. Wasting caused by many factors such as skipping breakfast and inappropriate selection of snacks that contribute to children’s level of nutritional intake adequacy.Objectives: The purpose of this research was to analyze correlation between skipping breakfast and selection of snack among elementary school children. Method: This was an analytical observational research with case control design conducted in three elementary schools in Sembung Village, Gresik. The sample size was 22 students in each group, which taken using a simple random sampling technique at student of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade. Data was collected by interviewing the respondent with structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was classified with BMI/Age using WHO-MGRS standard. Association among variables were analyzed using Chi-Square test. (α=0.05). Result: The result showed that 68.2% respondent from cases used skipping breakfast while 27.3% respondent from control used to skip breakfast. 22.7% respondent in cases used to consume high nutritional value snack food while 72.7% respondent in control used to consume high nutritional value snack food. Chi-Square test showed there was an association between breakfast habits and the selection of snack with wasting (p=0.007; OR=5.714) (p=0.001; OR=9.067).Conclusion: Skipping breakfast habits and the selection of snack had a correlation with wasting incident in village children.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Prevalensi wasting di Indonesia tidak pernah mengalami penurunan yang signifikan selama tahun ke tahun. Kejadian wasting dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti kebiasaan sarapan dan pemilihan makanan jajanan yang mampu berkontibusi terhadap tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi anak.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kebiasaan melewatkan sarapan dan kebiasan memilih jajanan makanan kejadian wasting pada anak sekolah dasar di pedesaan.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain case control ini dilakukan di 3 sekolah dasar di Desa Sembung Kecamatan Wringinanom Kabupaten Gresik. Besar sampel penelitian ini adalah 22 sampel untuk masing -masing kelompok yang berasal dari kelas III, IV dan V dan diambil secara simple random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara pada anak dengan kuisioner tersktutur. Klasifikasi berdasarkan pada nilai tabel z-score IMT/U WHO-MGRS.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square (α=0,05)Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 68,2% responden kelompok kasus, terbiasa melewatkan sarapan sedangkan 27,3% responden kelompok kontrol terbiasa melewatkan sarapan. 22,7% responden kelompok kasus terbiasa membeli makanan jajan bernilai gizi tinggi sedangkan 72,7% responden kelompok kontrol terbiasa membeli makanan jajan bernilai gizi tinggi. Hasil Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan dan pemilihan makanan jajanan dengan kejadian wasting (p= 0,007 OR: 5,714) (p= 0,001 OR: 9,067).Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan melewatkan sarapan dan pemilihan makanan jajanan berhubungan dengan kejadian wasting pada anak pedesaan.

scholarly journals PENAMPILAN REPRODUKSI TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Aikal Pohontu ◽  
Agustinus Lomboan ◽  
Jantje F. Paath ◽  
Siane C. Rimbing
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Selection Of

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BEEF CATTLE IN BINTAUNA DISTRICT OF NORTH BOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY. This study was conducted to evaluate the reproduction performance of beef cattle in Bintauna district of North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Reproductive performance was studied to determine the productivity of livestock especially in population increase and availability of meat. This research used samples of farmer as breeder of beef cattle. The selections of village samples were determined purposively by consideration of the villages with the largest population of livestock including the villages of Pimpi, Kopi, and Bintauna. Selection of respondents using random sampling method involved 10 farmers for each selected village, with the total of 30 farmers as respondents. Data of the variables were analyzed using descriptive analysis model. The results showed that the age of puberty animal was 12.03 ± 4.81 months, service per conception was 1.19, conception rate was 73%, pregnancy period was 276 ± 2.53 days, and calving interval was 366 ± 3.21 days. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the reproduction of beef cattle in Bintauna district of North Bolaang Mongondow regency was categorized into good performance. Keyword: Reproduction performance, beef cattle, Bintauna district

scholarly journals PERANAN SUASANA KERJA TERHADAP KEINGINAN PINDAH KERJA PADA KARYAWAN PT HASNUR JAYA UTAMA

Jurnal Ecopsy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Irka Anggriani ◽  
Hemy Heryati Anward ◽  
Rooswita Santia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya peranan suasana kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja karyawan. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh karyawan PT. Hasnur Jaya Utama. Jenis pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah Purposive Random Sampling yaitu pemilihan sampel secara acak sesuai dengan karakteristik yang ditentukan berdasarkan tujuan penelitian yang berjumlah 60 orang.  Sedangkan metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan skala suasana kerja, skala kepuasan kerja dan kuesioner keinginan pindah kerja. Dalam penelitian ini analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil analisis peranan suasana kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja, diperoleh koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,759 artinya hubungan suasana kerja dan kepuasan kerja erat. Ditemukan juga koefisien determinasi (R2) yang menunjukkan peranan suasana kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja sebesar 57,5% dan untuk analisis t observasi (8,882) > t tabel (1,672) menunjukkan  ada peranan suasana kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja. Kemudian, hasil analisis peranan kepuasan kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja ditemukan koefisien regresi R (0,680) artinya kepuasan kerja dan keinginan pindah kerja memiliki hubungan yang cukup erat. Selanjutnya, diperoleh juga (R2) yang menunjukkan peranan kepuasan kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja sebesar 46,3%  dan   untuk  analisis   t   observasi (-7,069) t tabel (1,672) menunjukkan ada peranan kepuasan kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja dengan signifikan negatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa suasana kerja dan kepuasan kerja pada karyawan perlu diperhatikan oleh perusahaan agar dapat meminimalkan keinginan pindah kerja karyawan. Kata Kunci: Suasana kerja, kepuasan kerja, keinginan pindah kerjaThis study purposed to determine whether there is the influence of the working atmosphere to intention turnover on employees. The population in this study are all employees of PT. Hasnur Jaya Utama. Type of sampling conducted in this study is Purposive Random Sampling is the selection of a random sample according to the characteristics that are determined based on the research goals of 60 people. The methods of data collection by using the scale of the working atmosphere, the scale of job satisfaction and intention turnover questionnaire. In this study analyzes the data using simple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis of the influence of working atmosphere to job satisfaction, the correlation coefficient R of 0.759 means that the relationship working atmosphere and job satisfaction is quite close. Also found the coefficient of determination (R2) which indicates the role of working conditions on job satisfaction at 57.5% and for the analysis of observation (8.882) > t table (1.672) which indicates means that the influence of the atmosphere to job satisfaction. Then, the results of the analysis of the influence of job satisfaction to intention turnover a correlation coefficient R (0.680) means that job satisfaction and intention turnover to have a close relationship. Furthermore, also obtained (R2 ) which indicates the role of job satisfaction to intention turnover of 46,3% and for the analysis of t observation (-7.069) > t table (1.672) which indicates means that the influence of job satisfaction to intention turnover with a significant negative . Based on these results it can be concluded that the working atmosphere and job satisfaction in employees need to be considered by the company in order to minimize intention turnover ob the employees. Keywords: The working atmosphere, job satisfaction, intention turnover.

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