Screening of dietary antioxidants against mitochondria-mediated oxidative stress by visualization of intracellular redox state

Employing the optical redox imaging technique, we previously identified a significant redox shift of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD and the reduced form NADH) in freshly isolated alveolar macrophages (AM) from ozone-exposed mice. The goal here was twofold: (a) to determine the NAD(H) redox shift in cryopreserved AM isolated from ozone-exposed mice and (b) to investigate whether there is a difference in the redox status between cryopreserved and freshly isolated AM. We found: (i) AM from ozone-exposed mice were in a more oxidized redox state compared to that from filtered air (FA)-exposed mice, consistent with the results obtained from freshly isolated mouse AM; (ii) under FA exposure, there was no significant NAD(H) redox difference between fresh AM that had been placed on ice for 2.5 h and cryopreserved AM; however, under ozone exposure, fresh AM were more oxidized than cryopreserved AM; (iii) via the use of nutrient starvation and replenishment and H2O2-induced oxidative stress of an AM cell line, we showed that this redox difference between cryopreserved and freshly isolated AM is likely the result of the double “hit”, i.e., the ozone-induced oxidative stress plus nutrient starvation that prevented freshly isolated AM from a full recovery after being on ice for a prolonged time period. The cryopreservation technique we developed eliminates/minimizes the effects of oxidative stress and nutrient starvation on cells. This method can be adopted to preserve lung macrophages from animal models or clinical patients for further investigations.

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Serum Albumin Redox States: More than Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10040503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Fuka Tabata ◽

Yasuaki Wada ◽

Satomi Kawakami ◽

Kazuhiro Miyaji

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Redox State ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Cysteine Residue ◽

Research Field ◽

Systemic Oxidative Stress

Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.

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A manganese oxide nanozyme prevents the oxidative damage of biomolecules without affecting the endogenous antioxidant system

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c8nr09397k ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 3855-3863 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Namrata Singh ◽

Mohammed Azharuddin Savanur ◽

Shubhi Srivastava ◽

Patrick D'Silva ◽

Govindasamy Mugesh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Manganese Oxide ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Redox State ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

System P ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant ◽

Antioxidant Machinery

Multi-enzyme mimetic Mn3O4 nanoflowers (Mp) modulate the redox state of mammalian cells without altering the cellular antioxidant machinery under oxidative stress conditions.

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Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Nut-Related Antioxidants, and Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030682 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 682 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Julia Lorenzon dos Santos ◽

Alexandre Schaan de Quadros ◽

Camila Weschenfelder ◽

Silvia Bueno Garofallo ◽

Aline Marcadenti

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Prevention ◽

Food Sources ◽

Dietary Antioxidants ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Atherosclerosis Progression ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Atherosclerosis is related to fat accumulation in the arterial walls and vascular stiffening, and results in acute coronary syndrome which is commonly associated with acute myocardial infarction. Oxidative stress participates in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, the inclusion of food sources of dietary antioxidants, such as different kinds of nuts, may improve biomarkers related to oxidative stress, contributing to a possible reduction in atherosclerosis progression. This article has briefly highlighted the interaction between oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease, in addition to the effect of the consumption of different nuts and related dietary antioxidants—like polyphenols and vitamin E—on biomarkers of oxidative stress in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Studies in vitro suggest that nuts may exert antioxidant effects by DNA repair mechanisms, lipid peroxidation prevention, modulation of the signaling pathways, and inhibition of the MAPK pathways through the suppression of NF-κB and activation of the Nrf2 pathways. Studies conducted in animal models showed the ability of dietary nuts in improving biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as oxLDL and GPx. However, clinical trials in humans have not been conclusive, especially with regards to the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

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Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Control of Mitochondrial Biogenesis

International Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1155/2012/403870 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Edgar D. Yoboue ◽

Anne Devin

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽

Redox State ◽

Mitochondrial Genomes ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Mitochondrial Content ◽

Cellular Redox ◽

High Importance ◽

Complex Process ◽

Long Time

Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex process. It necessitates the contribution of both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes and therefore crosstalk between the nucleus and mitochondria. It is now well established that cellular mitochondrial content can vary according to a number of stimuli and physiological states in eukaryotes. The knowledge of the actors and signals regulating the mitochondrial biogenesis is thus of high importance. The cellular redox state has been considered for a long time as a key element in the regulation of various processes. In this paper, we report the involvement of the oxidative stress in the regulation of some actors of mitochondrial biogenesis.

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