Prevalence and Risk Factors of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection: Experience from Some Rural Communities of Assam

Introducción. La cisticercosis es causada por larvas de Taenia solium, las cuales se localizan principalmente en el sistema nervioso central causando neurocisticercosis. En Venezuela se han realizado pocos estudios epidemiológicos.Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo de cisticercosis en dos comunidades rurales del estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una encuesta donde se recogieron datos sobre los posibles factores de riesgo y signos y síntomas de la enfermedad y se tomaron 182 muestras de las comunidades Boquerón y Punto Lindo. Se determinaron anticuerpos IgG contra cisticercos de T. solium, mediante el ensayo inmunoenzimatico (ELISA).Resultados. Boquerón presentó una seroprevalencia de 3,3%; debido al bajo número de positivos no se pudo hacer el análisis estadístico. Sin embargo, los 3 positivos tenían conocimiento de la enfermedad, antecedentes de tenencia de cerdos libres, consumo de carne de cerdo semicruda y cefalea frecuente. En Punto Lindo la seroprevalencia fue de 28,9%. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto al género y la edad, sin embargo, se encontró mayor frecuencia en menores de 20 años. Con respecto a los factores de riesgo y signos y síntomas, se encontró asociación significativa con: consumo de carne de cerdo semicruda (OR 18; IC95% 5,78-55,9), cefalea frecuente (OR 3,6; IC95% 1,15-11,4), convulsiones (OR 18,9; IC95% 2,15-166,5) y problemas visuales (OR 5,7; IC95% 2,13-15,34).Conclusión. Los resultados demuestran poca transmisión de cisticercosis en Boquerón y alta en Punto Lindo, donde la alta prevalencia en niños sugiere que se trate de transmisión reciente.

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Risk factors of soil transmitted helminth infection among primary school students

Health Science Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.22435/hsji.v11i2.2885 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 126-132

Author(s):

I Gede Gita Sastrawan ◽

Jordaniel Setiabudi ◽

Ni Putu Sanjiwani ◽

Ni Komang Indriyani ◽

Dewa Ayu Laksemi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Primary School ◽

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Trichuris Trichiura ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Stool Examination ◽

Primary School Students ◽

School Students ◽

Chi Square ◽

Factors Associated

Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar Abstract Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students

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GENDER AND AGE SPECIFICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PREVALENCE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF KRASNODARSKY KRAI

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION ◽

10.15829/1728-8800-2015-1-47-52 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. V. Bolotova ◽

I. V. Samorodskaya ◽

I. M. Komissarova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Gender And Age

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Environmental sanitation factors as prevalence support of soil transmitted helminths

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v10i4.20966 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 834

Author(s):

Edy Sapada ◽

Wita Asmalinda

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Primary School ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Open Defecation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Environmental Sanitation ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽

Sample Data

The prevalence of soil transmitted helminths (STH) is closely related to the defecation facilities for rural communities, such as: the habit of defecating openly on the ground, in gardens and using open latrines in rivers. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of environmental sanitation risk factors on the prevalence of STH infection. This study was included in an analytical epidemiological study at two locations, using a cross sectional study as the research design. The location were Sri Kembang Village, Bukit Village, which is included in Betung District, Banyuasin Regency, and South Sumatra, Indonesia for 30 days. There were 252 students as the research sample. Data analysis showed that the prevalence of T. trichiura was higher in Sri Kembang State Primary School Number 1 with mild to very severe infection degrees. The intensity of A. lumbricoides infection in Bukit State Primary School Number 1 got a higher prevalence than Sri Kembang. Open defecation, gardens or open latrines, and types of houses with dirt floors indicate environmental sanitation factors that are sufficient to support the prevalence of STH. For further research, it is recommended to examine socio-economic risk factors.

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Prevalence of asymptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans and its relationship with risk factors in inhabitants of rural communities in Japan: Tanno-Sobetsu study

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.05.028 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 177 (1) ◽

pp. 83-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Tadashi Fujiwara ◽

Shigeyuki Saitoh ◽

Satoru Takagi ◽

Hirofumi Ohnishi ◽

Junichi Ohata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

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A qualitative study of zoonotic risk factors among rural communities in southern China

International Health ◽

10.1093/inthealth/ihaa001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hong-Ying Li ◽

Guang-Jian Zhu ◽

Yun-Zhi Zhang ◽

Li-Biao Zhang ◽

Emily A Hagan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Southern China ◽

Zoonotic Disease ◽

Local Communities ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Disease Emergence ◽

Ethnographic Interviews ◽

Zoonotic Risk

Abstract Background Strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the risk of zoonotic disease emergence in southern China, where pathogens with zoonotic potential are known to circulate in wild animal populations. However, the risk factors leading to emergence are poorly understood, which presents a challenge in developing appropriate mitigation strategies for local communities. Methods Residents in rural communities of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces were recruited and enrolled in this study. Data were collected through ethnographic interviews and field observations, and thematically coded and analysed to identify both risk and protective factors for zoonotic disease emergence at the individual, community and policy levels. Results Eighty-eight ethnographic interviews and 55 field observations were conducted at nine selected sites. Frequent human–animal interactions and low levels of environmental biosecurity in local communities were identified as risks for zoonotic disease emergence. Policies and programmes existing in the communities provide opportunities for zoonotic risk mitigation. Conclusions This study explored the relationship among zoonotic risk and human behaviour, environment and policies in rural communities in southern China. It identifies key behavioural risk factors that can be targeted for development of tailored risk-mitigation strategies to reduce the threat of novel zoonoses.

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