Dietary dibutyryl cAMP supplementation regulates the fat deposition in adipose tissues of finishing pigs via cAMP/PKA pathway

The factors that control fat deposition in adipose tissues are poorly understood. It is known that visceral adipose tissues display a range of biochemical properties that distinguish them from adipose tissues of subcutaneous origin. However, we have little information on gene expression, either in relation to fat deposition or on interspecies variation in fat deposition. The first step in this study was to identify genes expressed in fat depot of cattle using the differential display RT-PCR method. Among the transcripts identified as having differential expression in the two adipose tissues were cell division cycle 42 homolog (CDC42), prefoldin-5, decorin, phosphate carrier, 12S ribosomal RNA gene, and kelch repeat and BTB domain containing 2 (Kbtbd2). In subsequent experiments, we determined the expression levels of these latter genes in the pig and in mice fed either a control or high-fat diet to compare the regulation of fat accumulation in other animal species. The levels of CDC42 and decorin mRNA were found to be higher in visceral adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue in cattle, pig, and mice. However, the other genes studied did not show consistent expression patterns between the two tissues in cattle, pigs, and mice. Interestingly, all genes were upregulated in subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissues of mice fed the high-fat diet compared with the control diet. The data presented here extend our understanding of gene expression in fat depots and provide further proof that the mechanisms of fat accumulation differ significantly between animal species.

Download Full-text

Dietary supplementation of chromium for finishing pigs

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20200554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Dante Teixeira Valente Júnior ◽

Lívia Maria dos Reis Barbosa ◽

Marcos Henrique Soares ◽

Gustavo de Amorim Rodrigues ◽

Maykelly da Silva Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Fat Content ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Production Costs ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Additional Energy

ABSTRACT: Increasing fat deposition and feed conversion ratio over the days in finishing phase directly influence pork quality and productive profitability. Nonetheless, the slaughter of heavier pigs can result in benefits for the slaughterhouse due to dilution of production and processing costs, as well as economic benefits for the pig producer resulting from the dilution of production costs. Therefore, dietary supplementation of chromium for finishing pigs of high lean-genotypes is a strategy to increase lean tissue accretion and minimize fat deposition, reflecting positively on growth performance. This review discussed recent studies results and mechanisms of action of this modifier of performance and carcass a traits in finishing pigs. Chromium increases the insulin action, facilitating insulin binding to the receptors on cell membrane. As a result, insulin-sensitive cells uptake more glucose, which will be later converted into energy. This additional energy is use to increase protein synthesis, thereby increasing the amount of lean tissue and reducing fat content in the carcass, without altering protein intake by pigs. Chromium also reduces lipid oxidation rate maintaining meat quality for longer period. In conclusion, dietary Cr supplementation for finishing pigs have shown that 0.2 mg/kg of organic Cr sources for pigs from ~60 kg until the slaughter can improve growth performance, lean gain and reduce fat content in carcass. However, the development of nanotechnology has allowed the use of inorganic Cr source at 0.2 mg/kg of inclusion, leading to improve the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing pigs.

Download Full-text

Effect of vitamin A depletion on fat deposition in finishing pigs, intramuscular fat content and gene expression in the longissimus muscle

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2014.05.025 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 167 ◽

pp. 392-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Tous ◽

R. Lizardo ◽

P.K. Theil ◽

B. Vilà ◽

M. Gispert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Longissimus Muscle ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Download Full-text

The whole-transcriptome landscape of muscle and adipose tissues reveals the ceRNA regulation network related to intramuscular fat deposition in yak

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-020-6757-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hui Wang ◽

Jincheng Zhong ◽

Chengfu Zhang ◽

Zhixin Chai ◽

Hanwen Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Regulation Network ◽

Whole Transcriptome

Download Full-text

Effects of Dietary Apple Polyphenols Supplementation on Hepatic Fat Deposition and Antioxidant Capacity in Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9110937 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 937 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xu ◽

Chen ◽

Huang ◽

Chen ◽

He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Hepatic Fat

Excessive fat deposition in the liver could lead to fatty liver and an increased risk of many metabolic diseases. Apple polyphenols (APPs), the major antioxidants in apples, possess wide-ranging beneficial biological functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of APPs on hepatic fat deposition and antioxidant capacity in finishing pigs, and their mechanisms. Results showed that APPs improved lipid profiles, increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced the fat deposition in the liver. In the liver, SOD1, CAT, GPX1, GST, NF-E2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1b (CPT1b), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) mRNA levels were increased by APPs, while Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) mRNA level, C16:0 and C20:4n-6 proportions and Δ9-18 dehydrogenase activity were decreased. In conclusion, this study indicated that APPs might be an effective dietary supplementation for improving lipid profiles, increasing antioxidant capacities and decreasing fat deposition in the liver.

Download Full-text

Expression Patterns of SREBF1 and SREBF2 in Liver and Adipose Tissues of Two Fat-Tailed Sheep Breeds

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23707/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Liang ◽

Liying Qiao ◽

Yongli Han ◽

Jianhua Liu ◽

Jianhai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Regulatory Element ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Age Factors ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Regulation Mechanism ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Sheep Breeds ◽

Metabolism Regulation

Abstract Background The fat-tailed sheep is raised largely in China and other countries due to its high adaptability to nutritionally challenging environments and disease resistance as well as fat deposition in tails. So the purpose of the study is to explore the expression pattern and regulation mechanism of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) in liver and adipose tissues of fat-tailed sheep bases on its role in fat metabolism and deposition with sheep grown and development. Methods Two representative Chinese fat-tailed sheep breeds i.e. Guangling Large Tailed (GLT) and Small Tailed Han (STH) were employed to evaluate the ontogenetic expressions of SREBF1 and SREBF2 from seven different adipose tissues and liver at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 month by real-time PCR. Five serum indicators were detected, and the function speculation of SREBP1 and SREBP2 were evaluated by bioinformatics approaches. Results Serum indicators, especially total cholesterol TC and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) showed obvious differences and dynamical changes with the different development ages, gender factors only had a significant effect on serum NEFA concentrations. Both SREBF1 and SREBF2 mRNA expression in sheep were significantly affected by breed, tissue, age factors, and show a significant positive correlation (r = 0.286). Merely the expression of SREBF1 gene in STH is significantly higher than that in GLT, but SREBF2 gene expression is opposite. The expressions of SREBF1/2 in liver are extremely higher than that in seven adipose tissues, the interaction of two factors between breed and month age, breed and tissue, and tissue and gender also significantly affects its expression. Subcellular locations and function prediction imply that SREBP1/2 expressions are closely related with metabolism processes in cells. Conclusions The mRNA expression profiling of SREBF1 and SREBF2 showing a breed-specific, gender-specific, and temporal and spatial expressions differences, which imply that SREBF1/2 play a crucial role in lipid metabolism regulation during growth and development of two fat-tailed sheep. This study provides a phenotypic basis for further revealing the genetic mechanism in lipid metabolism and fat deposition that causes differences in ovine tail types, which also provides a novel insight for improving quality of meat.

Download Full-text