scholarly journals Thein vitroActivity of VaginalLactobacillusWith Probiotic Properties AgainstCandida

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strus ◽  
Agnieszka Kucharska ◽  
Grażyna Kukla ◽  
Monika Brzychczy-Włoch ◽  
Katarzyna Maresz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Cell Surface Properties ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anticandidal Activity ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tract Infections

Lactobacilli, the predominant vaginal microorganisms in healthy premenopausal women, control other members of the vaginal microflora and thus protect against bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections. It has been claimed that some lactobacilli are also protective againstCandidavaginitis. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms by which these lactobacilli can control vaginal populations ofCandidaand prevent vaginitis. To address this question, vaginalLactobacillusstrains with known antagonistic properties against bacteria were tested for their cell surface properties, adhesion to vaginal cell linesin vitroand antagonistic activities againstCandida. A small proportion of the lactobacilli tested adhered strongly to cultured vaginal epithelial cells and inhibited growth ofCandida albicansbut not ofC. pseudotropicalis. This anticandidal activity was in someLactobacillusstrains related to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, but catalase treatment did not suppress this activity in otherLactobacillusstrains, suggesting alternative mechanism(s). Moreover, tested vaginalCandidastrains were resistant to relatively high concentrations ofH2O2that markedly exceeded those produced by even the most activeLactobacillusstrains.

scholarly journals The Globoseries Glycosphingolipid Sialosyl Galactosyl Globoside Is Found in Urinary Tract Tissues and Is a Preferred Binding Receptor In Vitro for Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Expressing pap-Encoded Adhesins

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3856-3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Stapleton ◽  
M. R. Stroud ◽  
S. I. Hakomori ◽  
W. E. Stamm
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Women with a history of recurrent Escherichia coliurinary tract infections (UTIs) are significantly more likely to be nonsecretors of blood group antigens than are women without such a history, and vaginal epithelial cells (VEC) from women who are nonsecretors show enhanced adherence of uropathogenic E. coli isolates compared with cells from secretors. We previously extracted glycosphingolipids (GSLs) from native VEC and determined that nonsecretors (but not secretors) selectively express two extended globoseries GSLs, sialosyl galactosyl globoside (SGG) and disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), which specifically bound uropathogenicE. coli R45 expressing a P adhesin. In this study, we demonstrated, by purifying the compounds from this source, that SGG and DSGG are expressed in human kidney tissue. We also demonstrated that SGG and DSGG isolated from human kidneys bind uropathogenic E. coli isolates expressing each of the three classes ofpap-encoded adhesins, including cloned isolates expressing PapG from J96, PrsG from J96, and PapG from IA2, and the wild-type isolates IA2 and R45. We metabolically 35S labeled these five E. coli isolates and measured their relative binding affinities to serial dilutions of SGG and DSGG as well as to globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4), two other globoseries GSLs present in urogenital tissues. Each of the five E. coli isolates bound to SGG with the highest apparent avidity compared with their binding to DSGG, Gb3, and Gb4, and each isolate had a unique pattern of GSL binding affinity. These studies further suggest that SGG likely plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UTI and that its presence may account for the increased binding of E. colito uroepithelial cells from nonsecretors and for the increased susceptibility of nonsecretors to recurrent UTI.

scholarly journals Isolation, identification and characterisation of three novel probiotic strains (Lactobacillus paracaseiCNCM I-4034,Bifidobacterium breveCNCM I-4035 andLactobacillus rhamnosusCNCM I-4036) from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (S2) ◽  
pp. S51-S62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Muñoz-Quezada ◽  
Empar Chenoll ◽  
José María Vieites ◽  
Salvador Genovés ◽  
José Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Strain Identification ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Breast Fed

The aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterise novel strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria with probiotic properties from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants. Of the 4680 isolated colonies, 758 exhibited resistance to low pH and tolerance to high concentrations of bile salts; of these, only forty-two exhibited a strong ability to adhere to enterocytesin vitro.The identities of the isolates were confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, which permitted the grouping of the forty-two bacteria into three different strains that showed more than 99 % sequence identity withLactobacillus paracasei,Lactobacillus rhamnosusandBifidobacterium breve, respectively. The strain identification was confirmed by sequencing the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions. Strains were assayed for enzymatic activity and carbohydrate utilisation, and they were deposited in the Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorganismes (CNCM) of the Institute Pasteur and namedL. paracaseiCNCM I-4034,B. breveCNCM I-4035 andL. rhamnosusCNCM I-4036. The strains were susceptible to antibiotics and did not produce undesirable metabolites, and their safety was assessed by acute ingestion in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed BALB/c mouse models. The three novel strains inhibitedin vitrothe meningitis aetiological agentListeria monocytogenesand human rotavirus infections.B. breveCNCM I-4035 led to a higher IgA concentration in faeces and plasma of mice. Overall, these results suggest thatL. paracaseiCNCM I-4034,B. breveCNCM I-4035 andL. rhamnosusCNCM I-4036 should be considered as probiotic strains, and their human health benefits should be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Probiotic Potential of Weissella Confusa Isolated From Traditional Fermented Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumitra Nath ◽  
Monisha Roy ◽  
Jibalok Sikidar ◽  
Bibhas Deb
Keyword(s):  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Rice Sample ◽  
Fermentative Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Weissella Confusa

Abstract Background: Probiotic are microorganism that is good for health, especially for the digestive system and can be consumed through fermented foods or supplements. The study aims to identify potential probiotic bacteria from fermented rice sample that are commonly found in Cachar district of Assam, India.Methods: White rice sample of “Ranjit” variety was collected from the local market, cooked in the laboratory and soaked overnight in sterile water for microbial fermentation. Probiotic properties of isolates were tested, and was identified by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing. In-vitro tests were also performed to demonstrate their colonisation properties, haemolytic activity and antagonistic activity against other pathogens.Results: The predominant fermentative-bacteria was identified as Weissella confusa strain GCC_19R1 (GenBank: MN394112). The isolate showed significant growth in the presence of artificial gastric-juice, bile and pancreatin. A moderate percentage of hydrophobicity (35.8% for n-hexadecane and 32.56% for toluene) and autoaggregation (38.7%) was also recorded. The strain survived well at acidic pH, 12.5% NaCl, and able to ferment glucose. The strain fulfilled the safety criteria concerning haemolytic activity, inhibits the growth of other bacteria, and found to be resistant towards antibiotics that are commonly used for GI-tract infections.Conclusion: The present study reports the prevalence of W. confusa in fermented rice samples. The finding of also supports the indegenious knowledge of fermented products, and its nutritional health benefits.

scholarly journals Colicin E2 Expression in Lactobacillus brevis DT24, A Vaginal Probiotic Isolate, against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

ISRN Urology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Disha Trivedi ◽  
Prasant Kumar Jena ◽  
Sriram Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Vaginal Lactobacilli ◽  
Colicin E2 ◽  
Tract Infections

Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to combat the urinary tract infection in women. During menstruation elevated protein concentration and increase in oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations with decrease in vaginal Lactobacilli all together contribute to urinary tract infections. Lactobacillus species are a predominant member of the vaginal microflora and are critical in the prevention of a number of urogenital diseases. In order to increase antimicrobial potential of vaginal Lactobacilli, bacteriocin colicin E2 which has specific activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli has been overexpressed in vaginal probiotic Lactobacillus brevis DT24. Recombinant Lactobacillus brevis DT24 expressing colicin E2 showed much higher inhibitory activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli than wild type L. brevis DT24 in vitro. Efficacy of probiotic Lactobacillus brevis DT24 expressing colicin E2 protein is required for further in vivo evaluation.

scholarly journals Effect of Rabbit Epididymal Antimicrobial Peptide, REHbβP, on LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokine Responses in Human Vaginal Cells In Vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
K. V. R. Reddy ◽  
D. Sukanya ◽  
M. S. Patgaonkar ◽  
C. Selvaakumar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Boyden Chamber ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Cellular Immune

Antimicrobial peptides (AMP’s) protect epithelial surfaces including epididymis against pathogens and play a key role in orchestrating various defensive responses. Recently, we have identified one such AMP, rabbit epididymal hemoglobin-β subuit (REHbβP) from the epididymal fluid of rabbit, Oryctologus cuniculus. The demonstration of a protective role of REHbβP in epididymal epithelial cells (EPEC’s) led us to investigate: (1) the identification of LPS interactive domain in REHbβP, and (2) whether the REHbβP of rabbit origin mediates vaginal cellular immune responses of another species (human). HeLa-S3, human vaginal epithelial cells (hVECs) were exposed to LPS or the LPS-stimulated cells treated with REHbβP or neutral peptide, nREHbβP. Effect of LPS and cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1α) and chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1) levels was determined in the culture supernatants. In response to the LPS, hVECs synthesized these mediators and the levels were significantly higher than controls. This enhancing effect was ameliorated when the LPS-induced hVECs were treated with REHbβP. Similar results were obtained on NF-κB protein and hBD-1 mRNA expression. Confocal microscopy studies revealed that REHbβP attenuated the LPS-induced internalization of E. coli by macrophages. The chemotaxis studies performed using Boyden chamber Transwell assay, which showed elevated migration of U937 cells when the supernatants of LPS-induced hVECs were used, and the effect was inhibited by REHbβP. REHbβP was found to be localized on the acrosome of rabbit spermatozoa, suggesting its role in sperm protection beside sperm function. In conclusion, REHbβP may have the potential to develop as a therapeutic agent for reproductive tract infections (RTI’s).

scholarly journals In VitroFunctional and Immunomodulatory Properties of the Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5-Streptococcus salivarius ST3 Association That Are Relevant to the Development of a Pharyngeal Probiotic Product

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 4209-4216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Taverniti ◽  
Mario Minuzzo ◽  
Stefania Arioli ◽  
Ilkka Junttila ◽  
Sanna Hämäläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Streptococcus Salivarius ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pharyngeal Mucosa ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTThe use of proper bacterial strains as probiotics for the pharyngeal mucosa is a potential prophylactic strategy for upper respiratory tract infections. In this context, we characterizedin vitrothe functional and immunomodulatory properties of the strainsLactobacillus helveticusMIMLh5 andStreptococcus salivariusST3 that were selected during previous investigations as promising pharyngeal probiotics. In this study, we demonstratedin vitrothat strains MIMLh5 and ST3, alone and in combination, can efficiently adhere to pharyngeal epithelial cells, antagonizeStreptococcus pyogenes, and modulate host innate immunity by inducing potentially protective effects. In particular, we found that the strains MIMLh5 and ST3 activate U937 human macrophages by significantly inducing the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Nonetheless, the induction of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) by MIMLh5 or ST3 was never lower than that of TNF-α, suggesting that these bacteria can potentially exert a regulatory rather than a proinflammatory effect. We also found that the strains MIMLh5 and ST3 induce cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression and demonstrated that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) participates in the recognition of the strains MIMLh5 and ST3 by U937 cells. Finally, we observed that these microorganisms grow efficiently when cocultured in milk, suggesting that the preparation of a milk-based fermented product containing both MIMLh5 and ST3 can be a practical solution for the administration of these bacteria. In conclusion, we propose the combined use ofL. helveticusMIMLh5 andS. salivariusST3 for the preparation of novel products that display probiotic properties for the pharyngeal mucosa.

scholarly journals Adherence of Human Vaginal Lactobacilli to Vaginal Epithelial Cells and Interaction with Uropathogens

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1985-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Boris ◽  
Juan E. Suárez ◽  
Fernando Vázquez ◽  
Covadonga Barbés
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Lactobacillus Gasseri ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vaginal Lactobacilli ◽  
Lactobacillus Jensenii ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Self Aggregation

ABSTRACT Three strains of Lactobacillus, identified asLactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus jensenii, were selected from among 70 isolates from the vaginas of healthy premenopausal women for properties relevant to mucosal colonization or antagonism. All three self-aggregated and adhered to epithelial vaginal cells, displacing well-known vaginal pathogens, such as G. vaginalis, and inhibiting the growth in vitro ofEscherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae. The surface components involved in self-aggregation appeared to be proteins for L. gasseri and lipoproteins for L. acidophilus and L. jensenii, as judged by susceptibility to treatment with appropriate degrading enzymes. The factors responsible for adherence to epithelial vaginal cells seemed to be glycoproteins (L. acidophilus and L. gasseri) and carbohydrate (L. jensenii). The receptors of the vaginal cells were glycolipids, which presumably were the targets of the competition observed between the lactobacilli and the pathogenic microbes.

scholarly journals Influence of Zinc Sulphate on the Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 7102

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mudroňová ◽  
S. Gancarčíková ◽  
R. Nemcová
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Strain Dependent

Abstract The effects of zinc sulphate on selected properties of L. plantarum CCM 7102 were tested in vitro. The resistance of lactobacilli to higher concentrations of ZnSO4 (up to 5000 mg Zn2+.l−1) in growth media was strain-dependent. Further studies were carried out on the most resistant strain of L. plantarum CCM 7102. While the addition of low concentrations of zinc sulphate into the growth media (< 100 mg Zn2+.l−1) did not influence the properties of L. plantarum CCM 7102, the concentrations of 100—500 mg Zn2+.l−1 stimulated: the growth rate, production of lactic acid, adhesion to porcine enterocytes and the inhibition of pathogens E. coli O8:K88+ent+, S. enterica and S. Typhimurium. Conversely, however, high concentrations > 500 mg Zn2+.l−1 inhibited these properties. The addition of zinc (250 mg Zn2+.l−1) did not affect the resistance to antimicrobials, low pH, and the resistance to bile salt was affected only weakly. Zinc-resistant probiotic Lactobacillus strains are suitable for use in feedstuffs with a higher content of zinc designed for the prevention of post weaning diarrhoea in pigs.

In Vitro Effects of Ethanol on Rabbit Platelet Aggregation, Secretion of Granule Contents, and Cyclic AMP Levels in the Presence of Prostacyclin

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Rand ◽  
Peter L Gross ◽  
Donna M Jakowec ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryEthanol, at physiologically tolerable concentrations, inhibits platelet responses to low concentrations of collagen or thrombin, but does not inhibit responses of washed rabbit platelets stimulated with high concentrations of ADP, collagen, or thrombin. However, when platelet responses to high concentrations of collagen or thrombin had been partially inhibited by prostacyclin (PGI2), ethanol had additional inhibitory effects on aggregation and secretion. These effects were also observed with aspirin- treated platelets stimulated with thrombin. Ethanol had no further inhibitory effect on aggregation of platelets stimulated with ADP, or the combination of ADP and epinephrine. Thus, the inhibitory effects of ethanol on platelet responses in the presence of PGI2 were very similar to its inhibitory effects in the absence of PGI2, when platelets were stimulated with lower concentrations of collagen or thrombin. Ethanol did not appear to exert its inhibitory effects by increasing cyclic AMP above basal levels and the additional inhibitory effects of ethanol in the presence of PGI2 did not appear to be brought about by further increases in platelet cyclic AMP levels.

Aggregation of Cat Platelets in Vitro

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 601-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. B Tschopp
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Reversible Aggregation ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Irreversible Aggregation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Improved Technique

SummaryAggregation of cat platelets in the citrated plasma is examined by means of Born’s absorptiometer. A marked tendency of the platelets of this species to spontaneous aggregation necessitated first of all the development of an improved technique of blood collection.A hypothesis according to which 5-HT is released from the platelets, explains the absence of oscillations on the base line of the absorptiometer, the absence of platelet swelling, when ADP is added, and the effect of stirring on the aggregation curves in cat PRP. The average volume of cat platelets amounts to 10.46 μ3 when directly fixed in the blood, when fixed from PRP to 12.17 μ3, when fixed from stirred PRP to 13.51 μ3.In low concentrations (0.3-2 μM) ADP produce reversible aggregation; in narrowly restricted, individually dissimilar mean concentrations irreversible aggregation in two phases and in high concentrations, irreversible aggregation in one phase. Like ADP serotonin produces 2 phase irreversible aggregation in concentrations of 3-10 μM, but unlike ADP, the aggregation velocity decreases again with high 5-HT concentrations (>100 μM). Adrenaline does not produce aggregation and it is likely that adenosine and adenosine monophosphate inhibit the aggregation by serotonin but not by ADP. Species differences in the aggregation of human, rabbit and cat platelets are discussed.

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