Portable optical instrumentation for the evaluation of the onsite antioxidant scavenging capacity assay

The essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare commercial aerial parts and fruits were isolated by hydrodistillation, with different distillation times (30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 3 h), and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antioxidant ability was estimated using four distinct methods. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar diffusion method. Remarkable differences, and worrying from the quality and safety point of view, were detected in the essential oils. trans-Anethole (31-36%), α-pinene (14-20%) and limonene (11-13%) were the main components of the essentials oil isolated from F. vulgare dried aerial parts, whereas methyl chavicol (= estragole) (79-88%) was dominant in the fruit oils. With the DPPH method the plant oils showed better antioxidant activity than the fruits oils. With the TBARS method and at higher concentrations, fennel essential oils showed a pro-oxidant activity. None of the oils showed a hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity >50%, but they showed an ability to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase. The essential oils showed a very low antimicrobial activity. In general, the essential oils isolated during 2 h were as effective, from the biological activity point of view, as those isolated during 3 h.

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Free radical scavenging capacity, antibacterial activity and essential oil composition of turmeric (Curcuma domestica) varieties grown in Ethiopia

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. e06239

Author(s):

Belay Haile Kebede ◽

Sirawdink Fikreyesus Forsido ◽

Yetenayet B. Tola ◽

Tessema Astatkie

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity

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Microwave heating effect on total phenolics and antioxidant activity of green and mature coconut water

International Journal of Food Engineering ◽

10.1515/ijfe-2019-0378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Abraham Jesús Arzeta-Ríos ◽

Diana Guerra-Ramírez ◽

Benito Reyes-Trejo ◽

Ma. Carmen Ybarra-Moncada ◽

Holber Zuleta-Prada

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Heating Temperature ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Maximum Temperatures ◽

Increasing Temperature

AbstractCoconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) from fruits of two ripening stages (green and mature) was used to perform microwave heat treatments. Three different heating conditions with maximum temperatures of 70, 80 and 90 °C were tested in three holding times (0, 2 and 4 min). The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and ABTS radical scavenging capacity were evaluated for each combination of coconut fruit age, heating temperature and holding time. It was observed that green coconut water exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to mature coconuts in terms of TPC (46.03 and 69.16 mg GAE/L, respectively) and ABTS radical scavenging capacity (422.31 and 549.1 μmol TE/L, respectively). An increase in TPC (up to 23%) and antioxidant activity (up to 19%) was also observed with increasing temperature in the range of 70–90 °C. Green coconut water showed the largest increase in both TPC and antioxidant activity.

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Optimal Design of Optical Instrumentation for Sub-Millimetre Astronomy

1974 International Conference on Submillimeter Waves and Their Applications ◽

10.1109/icswa.1974.9333718 ◽

1974 ◽

Author(s):

J. E. Beckman ◽

J. A. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Optimal Design ◽

Optical Instrumentation

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A simple new method for aged seed utilization based on melatonin-mediated germination and antioxidant nutrient production

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85541-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Song Yu ◽

Xuetian Zhu ◽

Helin Yang ◽

Lihe Yu ◽

Yifei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Total Phenolics ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Aged Seed ◽

Phenolics Content ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Aged Seeds

AbstractSeed deterioration, coupled with a decrease in nutrients, is unavoidable following long-term storage, and these seeds are therefore used as livestock fodder. Here, we developed a simple, rapid and efficient method of producing high amounts of antioxidants from deteriorated seeds via melatonin-induced germination. Legume seeds were subjected to high humidity at 55 °C for 12–36 h to obtain aged seeds with a 40% germination rate and severely reduced antioxidant nutrition (total phenolics content, ferric reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity). Aged seeds were then treated with 0.1 mM melatonin, resulting in the production of sprouts with a higher total phenolics content (fivefold), greater ferric reducing power (sevenfold) and greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity (twofold) compared to the aged seeds. These findings suggest that melatonin treatment efficiently converted aged seed reserve residues into antioxidant nutrients, providing an alternative use for deteriorated seeds in food production.

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Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of wheat fermented with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1093/femsle/fnaa213 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fei-Hong Zhai ◽

Yan-Fei Chen ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Wen-Jing Zhao ◽

Jian-Rong Han

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Agaricus Bisporus ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Fermentation Products ◽

Agaricus Brasiliensis ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Solid-state fermentation with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus on whole grain wheat was carried out. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of fermented wheat were determined. The results showed that the maximum values of polyphenols contents in wheat fermented with A. brasiliensis and A. bisporus reached respectively (3.16 ± 0.21) and (3.93 ± 0.23) mg GAE/g, which were 2.90 and 3.61 times of unfermented control. By employing ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), 18 kinds of phenolic compounds were identified from fermented wheat. Compared with control, only 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde was the same compound. It indicated that fermentation with the two fungi changed polyphenols contents and phenolic compounds composition in wheat to a great extent. Among these phenolic compounds, except for 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid and β-N-(γ-glutamyl)-4-formylphenylhydrazine, other 15 kinds of phenolic compounds were first identified from mushroom samples (including fruit bodies, mycelia and fermentation products). DPPH radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating ability and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of fermented wheat were significantly stronger than control (P < 0.05).

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Root System Architecture Plasticity of Bread Wheat in Response to Oxidative Burst under Extended Osmotic Stress

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050939 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 939

Author(s):

Omar Azab ◽

Abdullah Al-Doss ◽

Thobayet Alshahrani ◽

Salah El-Hendawy ◽

Adel M. Zakri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root System ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

System Architecture ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Root System Architecture ◽

Root Tips ◽

Scavenging Capacity

There is a demand for an increase in crop production because of the growing population, but water shortage hinders the expansion of wheat cultivation, one of the most important crops worldwide. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to mimic drought stress due to its high osmotic potentials generated in plants subjected to it. This study aimed to determine the root system architecture (RSA) plasticity of eight bread wheat genotypes under osmotic stress in relation to the oxidative status and mitochondrial membrane potential of their root tips. Osmotic stress application resulted in differences in the RSA between the eight genotypes, where genotypes were divided into adapted genotypes that have non-significant decreased values in lateral roots number (LRN) and total root length (TRL), while non-adapted genotypes have a significant decrease in LRN, TRL, root volume (RV), and root surface area (SA). Accumulation of intracellular ROS formation in root tips and elongation zone was observed in the non-adapted genotypes due to PEG-induced oxidative stress. Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) was measured for both stress and non-stress treatments in the eight genotypes as a biomarker for programmed cell death as a result of induced osmotic stress, in correlation with RSA traits. PEG treatment increased scavenging capacity of the genotypes from 1.4-fold in the sensitive genotype Gemmiza 7 to 14.3-fold in the adapted genotype Sakha 94. The adapted genotypes showed greater root trait values, ∆Ψm plasticity correlated with high scavenging capacity, and less ROS accumulation in the root tissue, while the non-adapted genotypes showed little scavenging capacity in both treatments, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane permeability, suggesting mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of oxidative stress.

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