Formal school or Koranic school? Determinants of school type choice in Senegal

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Goensch
Keyword(s):  
School Type ◽  
Koranic School ◽  
Formal School

scholarly journals A NARRATIVE INQUIRY ON HOW TEACHER PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY INFLUENCES TEACHER’S SCHOOL TYPE PREFERENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Maria Dewi Rosari
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Occupational Commitment ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Teacher Professional Identity ◽  
Teacher Professional ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Formal School

Some Indonesian English teachers prefer teaching in formal schools while some others favor non-formal schools more. This preference can be analyzed from the lense of teacher professional identity. In this study, the researcher tried to find out how teacher professional identity influences the school type teachers favor more. By conducting in-depth interviews to two non-formal school teachers from different regions in Indonesia, the researchers found out that job satisfaction, self-efficacy, occupational commitment, and occupational motivation are the factors influencing the participants’ professional identity the most. Job satisfaction could be seen, for example, in witnessing students’ progress more thoroughly; self-efficacy in being able to monitor their teaching performance; occupational commitment in teacher trainings provided by non-formal schools to build their career up; and occupational motivation in receiving manageable challenges from non-formal schools that trigger eagerness from the participants to work. Those findings could function as a reference for both formal and non-formal school stake holders in making sure that their schools could accommodate their teachers’ need in constructing their professional identity as it could influence teachers’ performance a lot.

INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL TYPE ON AVAILABILITY AND USE OF HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES IN KENYA.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 650-663
Author(s):  
FlorenceJ. Chelimo ◽  
◽  
Dr.EmilyJ Bomett ◽  
Mrs.Edna Nyaga ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Type ◽  
Instructional Resources

scholarly journals Time trends of socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent smoking in Okinawa, Japan, 2008–2016: a repeated cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Takakura ◽  
Masaya Miyagi ◽  
Akira Kyan
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
School Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
Index Of Inequality ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Smoking among Japanese adolescents has decreased noticeably. However, little is known whether the decreasing trend in adolescent smoking can be seen across all socioeconomic status (SES) groups. This study aimed to examine trends in socioeconomic inequalities in smoking among Japanese adolescents between 2008 and 2016. Methods We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study using data from three surveys of high school students in Okinawa, Japan, in 2008, 2012, and 2016. The study participants consisted of 7902 students in grades 10 through 12 (15–18 years). Smoking was assessed as current cigarette use. SES indicators included familial SES (parental education and family structure) and student’s own SES (school type). To evaluate absolute and relative inequalities, prevalence differences (PDs) and ratios (PRs) between low and high SES groups were estimated. The slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII) were also calculated. Results Smoking prevalence among boys and girls significantly declined from 11.5% and 6.2% in 2008 to 4.7% and 1.9% in 2016, respectively. Similar decreasing trends in smoking were found among most of the SES groups. The PDs and SII for parental education in boys and family structure in girls decreased over time while those for school type persisted among boys and girls. The PRs and RII for school type in boys increased while those for other SES indicators among both sexes remained stable over time. Conclusions Smoking among Japanese adolescents has been declining and time trends of socioeconomic inequalities in smoking varied by absolute and relative measures. Further policies and/or interventions to reduce smoking inequalities should focus on the context of schools, especially in vocational high schools.

Relationship between breastfeeding and obesity in high school girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Mardani ◽  
Sadegh Rezapour ◽  
Fereshteh Hajipour
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Type ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
School Girls

AbstractObjectivesSome factors in infancy can play a role in the development of adolescent obesity. Understanding these factors can help prevent early complications in adolescents associated with obesity in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Khorramabad and its relationship with breastfeeding history.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in 832 high school girls during the academic year 2016–2017. Samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling. General questionnaires, physical activity, and 24-h food questions were completed through interviews with students. Data regarding breastfeeding was obtained by mothers.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in the study population was 16.3 and 5.8%, respectively. Overweight and obesity had a significant association with breastfeeding history (p = 0.001), while there was no significant relationship between overweight and obesity with school type, student’s age, parental occupation, education Parents, household size, birth rate, physical activity, and energy intake.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that breast feeding has a protective effect on overweight and obesity during adolescence. To reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity, necessary education regarding breastfeeding should be provided.

Neurodevelopmental disorders among Spanish school-age children: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rosa Bosch ◽  
Mireia Pagerols ◽  
Cristina Rivas ◽  
Laura Sixto ◽  
Laura Bricollé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
School Type ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates

Abstract Background Prevalence estimates of neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) are essential for treatment planning. However, epidemiological research has yielded highly variable rates across countries, including Spain. This study examined the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of ND in a school sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Methods The Child Behaviour Checklist/Teacher's Report Form/Youth Self-Report and the Conners' Rating Scales were administered for screening purposes. Additionally, teachers provided information on reading and writing difficulties. Subjects who screened positive were interviewed for diagnostic confirmation according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. The final population comprised 6834 students aged 5–17. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the influence of gender, age, educational stage, school type, socioeconomic status (SES), and ethnicity on the prevalence estimates. Results A total of 1249 (18.3%) subjects met criteria for at least one ND, although only 423 had already received a diagnosis. Specifically, the following prevalence rates were found: intellectual disabilities (ID), 0.63%; communication disorders, 1.05%; autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 0.70%; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 9.92%; specific learning disorder (SLD), 10.0%; and motor disorders, 0.76%. Students of foreign origin and from low SES evidenced higher odds of having ID. Boys were more likely to display ASD or a motor disorder. Age, SES, and ethnicity were significant predictors for SLD, while communication disorders and ADHD were also associated with gender. Conclusions The prevalence of ND among Spanish students is consistent with international studies. However, a substantial proportion had never been previously diagnosed, which emphasise the need for early detection and intervention programmes.

scholarly journals Breakfast Eating Habits and Lifestyle Behaviors among Saudi Primary School Children Attending Public Versus Private Schools

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Laura Jabri ◽  
Amani A. Al-Rasheedi ◽  
Rayan A. Alsulaimani ◽  
Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
School Children ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
School Type ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
School Canteen ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Public Versus Private

We investigated breakfast eating habits and lifestyle behaviors among Saudi school children attending public versus private schools. A random sample of 1149 children (girls: 54.4%) from public and private schools was selected from elementary schools using the multistage stratified cluster method. Measurements included body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported questionnaires filled by the child’s parents. There was no significant (p = 0.44) difference in the prevalence of breakfast intake between children attending public (20.6%) versus private (19.4%) schools. However, there was a gender by school type interactions in breakfast intake frequency, as boys in private but not in public schools had significantly (p = 0.006) higher (26.3%) daily breakfast intake than girls (13.3%). Over 56% of the children ate and drank from the school canteen, and impacting factors on children’s choices were children’s desire, food taste, and parental influence. More parents of children in private (12.1%) than in public (6.9%) schools were satisfied with the food in the school canteen. Younger age (aOR = 0.889, 95% CI = 0.815–0.970, p = 0.008), higher father education (aOR = 1.380, 95% CI = 1.130–1.686, p = 0.002), family income (aOR = 1.227, 95% CI = 1.005–1.498, p = 0.044), and insufficient sleep duration (aOR = 0.740, 95% CI = 0.553–0.990, p = 0.042) were significantly associated with being in a private school. Furthermore, no significant differences, when adjusted for socio-demographic factors, appeared in breakfast intake or overweight/obesity relative to school type. Interventions to improve daily breakfast consumption and lifestyle behaviors of Saudi children are warranted.

scholarly journals And yet Again: Having Breakfast Is Positively Associated with Lower BMI and Healthier General Eating Behavior in Schoolchildren

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1351
Author(s):  
Peggy Ober ◽  
Carolin Sobek ◽  
Nancy Stein ◽  
Ulrike Spielau ◽  
Sarah Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
School Setting ◽  
School Type ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Nutritional Behavior ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
National Programs

Given the high prevalence of childhood overweight, school-based programs aiming at nutritional behavior may be a good starting point for community-based interventions. Therefore, we investigated associations between school-related meal patterns and weight status in 1215 schoolchildren. Anthropometry was performed on-site in schools. Children reported their meal habits, and parents provided family-related information via questionnaires. Associations between nutritional behavior and weight status were estimated using hierarchical linear and logistic regression. Analyses were adjusted for age, socio–economic status, school type, migration background, and parental weight status. Having breakfast was associated with a lower BMI-SDS (βadj = −0.51, p = 0.004) and a lower risk of being overweight (ORadj = 0.30, p = 0.009), while having two breakfasts resulting in stronger associations (BMI-SDS: βadj = −0.66, p < 0.001; risk of overweight: ORadj = 0.22, p = 0.001). Likewise, children who regularly skipped breakfast on school days showed stronger associations (BMI-SDS: β = 0.49, p < 0.001; risk of overweight: OR = 3.29, p < 0.001) than children who skipped breakfast only occasionally (BMI-SDS: β = 0.43, p < 0.001; risk of overweight: OR = 2.72, p = 0.032). The associations persisted after controlling for parental SES and weight status. Therefore, our data confirm the school setting as a suitable starting point for community-based interventions and may underline the necessity of national programs providing free breakfast and lunch to children.

scholarly journals Household Chores or Play Outdoors? The Intersecting Influence of Gender and School Type on Physical Activity Among Indian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-691
Author(s):  
Ilana G. Raskind ◽  
Shailaja S. Patil ◽  
Nikhil Tandon ◽  
Sharanya Thummalapally ◽  
Michael R. Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Private School ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Active Time ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
Indian Adolescents

Most Indian adolescents, particularly girls and private school students, do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). Current understanding of these sociodemographic differences is limited by a focus on exercise, which may not fully capture PA in developing countries. We examined how gender and school type are associated with multiple PA domains and whether associations with gender differ by school type. We randomly selected an equal number of girls and boys (ages 13-16 years) from public and private schools in Southern India ( n = 395). Cross-sectional 24-hour time-use surveys measured PA, which was categorized into three domains: chores, errands, and work; play; and transportation. Negative binomial and logistic regression modeled relative differences in domain-specific PA minutes and the probability of engaging in ≥60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), respectively, in the prior 24 hours. Girls and boys were equally likely to meet MVPA recommendations. However, girls spent twice as much active time completing chores, errands, and work (rate ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval = [1.32, 2.98]), while boys spent twice as much active time playing (rate ratio = 2.11, 95% confidence interval = [1.23, 3.62]). Public and private school girls spent more active time in chores, errands, and work than boys; however, gender differences were greater among public school students ( p value for interaction <.05). Although comparable MVPA levels for girls and boys are beneficial for physical health, girls may gain fewer cognitive, social, and emotional benefits associated with play. Additional research may clarify why the gendered burden of household responsibilities was greater among public school students. School-based programs to engage girls in active play may help reduce inequities.

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