Associations Between Risk Behaviors and Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: Do Racial/Ethnic Variations in Associations Account for Increased Risk of Suicidal Behaviors Among Hispanic/Latina 9th- to 12th-Grade Female Students?

Abstract Introduction Military personnel are at an increased risk for suicide compared to the general population, making it important to develop a deeper understanding of which factors contribute to this elevated risk. Given that suicidal ideation (SI) is one of the strongest predictors of suicide attempts, understanding factors that underlie SI may improve prevention efforts. Insomnia and depression both serve as independent risk factors for SI, and therefore the aim of this study was to examine the extent to which depressive symptoms moderate the association between insomnia and SI. Methods Data were obtained from the All Army Study of the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (STARRS). Soldiers (n=21,450) completed questions related to suicidal ideation (5 items), depressive symptoms (9 items), and insomnia (5 items) based on symptom presence in the past 30 days. Items in each domain were summed to create a total severity score. GEE models using a negative binomial linking function were conducted to examine the impact of depression, insomnia, and their interaction on SI. Results Both depression (χ2 =117.56, p<0.001) and insomnia (χ2=11.79, p=0.0006) were found to have significant main effects on SI, and there was a significant interaction effect (χ2=4.52, p=0.0335). Follow up simple effects revealed that insomnia was no longer significantly associated with SI when depression severity was low, but was associated with SI in the presence of greater depression severity (χ2=2.91, p=0.0882). Conclusion In a large sample of Army soldiers, depression significantly moderated the association between SI and insomnia, such that insomnia seems to amplify the effects of depression on SI. These findings highlight the importance of addressing insomnia severity as a mean of reducing SI in those with depression, potentially allowing for intervention prior to a suicide attempt. Support (if any) Perlis: K24AG055602 & R01AG041783. This publication is based on public use data from Army STARRS (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, University of Michigan- http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR35197-v1), funded by U.S. NIMH-U01MH087981.

Download Full-text

Preditores de idealização suicida entre estudantes de medicina: uma revisão sistemática

International Journal of Health Education ◽

10.17267/2594-7907ijhe.v3i1.2413 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Victor Meireles Campos ◽

Ieda Aleluia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medical Students ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Training Methods ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The World ◽

The Subject ◽

Health Objective ◽

De Medicina

BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation is one of the main symptoms indicative of suicide attempts and suicide. According to the WHO, about 800,000 cases of suicide were reported around the world in 2014, which translates to an index of 1 suicide every 40 seconds. Medical students constitute a population at risk for the development of suicidal ideation. Several life factors may influence the risk of suicidal ideation, those being personality traits, social factors and mental health. OBJECTIVE: Identify the indicators of suicidal ideation among medical students during their academic training. METHODS: This is a systematic review carried out in the electronic databases Pubmed and BVS. Articles that addressed the subject of suicidal ideation among medical students in Portuguese, English and Spanish from 2008 to 2018 were included. RESULTS: We found 263 articles, of which 12 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the application of the STROBE statement, 6 articles were selected for the creation of this systematic review. The prevalence of suicidal ideation varied from 3.7% to 35.6% around the world and several factors were linked to the increase of suicidal ideation risk. CONCLUSION: A suicidal ideation is a frequent and multifactorial phenomenon that involves several realms of a medical student's life. The risk factors identified in this review were linked to the increased risk of suicidal ideation development.

Download Full-text

Suicidality and Aggressive Behavior in Body Dysmorphic Disorder

10.1093/med/9780190254131.003.0013 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Katharine A. Phillips

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

Increased Risk

This chapter reviews suicidality and aggressive/violent behavior in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and presents clinical cases, which reflect the extreme suffering that BDD often causes. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are common in BDD. This has been found in both clinical and epidemiologic samples and in adults as well as youth. More severe BDD symptoms are independently associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Suicidality appears more common in BDD than in obsessive-compulsive disorder and other clinical samples with which BDD has been directly compared. Although data are limited, the rate of completed suicide appears markedly elevated; indeed, individuals with BDD have many risk factors for completed suicide. Physical aggression and violence are less well studied but appear to commonly occur as a consequence of BDD. Surgeons, dermatologists, and other clinicians who provide cosmetic treatment may be at particular risk. Additional studies designed to investigate these topics are urgently needed.

Download Full-text

Latina Adolescents Health Risk Behaviors and Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: Results from the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2001–2013

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health ◽

10.1007/s10903-016-0445-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 533-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

James H. Price ◽

Jagdish Khubchandani

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Health Risk ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Health Risk Behaviors ◽

Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽

Latina Adolescents ◽

Youth Risk Behavior

Download Full-text

PTSD and Suicidal Behaviors Amongst L'Aquila 2009 Earthquake Young Survivors

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.590753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Claudia Carmassi ◽

Carlo Antonio Bertelloni ◽

Valerio Dell'Oste ◽

Chiara Luperini ◽

Donatella Marazziti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Self Report ◽

Ptsd Symptoms ◽

Suicidal Behaviors ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Partial Group ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most frequent and severe psychiatric consequences of natural disasters, frequently associated with suicidality. The aim of this study was at examining the possible relationships between suicidal behaviors and full-blown or partial PTSD, in a sample of young earthquake survivors. The second aim was at investigating the specific role of PTSD symptoms on suicidality.Methods: A total of 475 young adults who survived the L'Aquila 2009 earthquake, one of the most severe Italian disasters of the last decades, were recruited and assessed after 21 months from the catastrophe. Participants were evaluated by two questionnaires assessing subthreshold psychopathology, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum Self-Report (TALS-SR) to investigate both full and partial PTSD, and two specific Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR) sub-domains exploring suicidality, namely suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.Results: The ensuing findings showed that suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were present, respectively, in 40 (8.4%) and 11 (2.3%) survivors. Rates of suicidal ideation were significantly more elevated in full-blown PTSD subjects (group 1), as compared with those suffering from partial (group 2) or no PTSD (group 3). Interestingly, group 2 subjects showed significantly more suicidal ideation than healthy individuals, and less than those of group 1, while the frequency of suicide attempts was similar across the three groups. Suicidal ideation was associated with higher scores in the following TALS-SR domains: grief-reactions, re-experiencing, avoidance and numbing, maladaptive coping, and personal characteristics/risk factor.Conclusions: The results of the present study support and extend previous findings on the role of PTSD symptoms in suicidality after a severe earthquake. However, as compared with available literature, they also highlight the significant impact of sub-threshold PTSD manifestations in increasing the suicide risk in survivors of a mass disaster.

Download Full-text

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicidal Behaviors in South Korea: A Systematic Review On The Current State of Evidence

10.21203/rs.3.rs-861117/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nicolas Raschke ◽

Amir Mohsenpour ◽

Leona Aschentrup ◽

Florian Fischer ◽

Kamil J. Wrona

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

South Korea ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Suicidal Behaviors ◽

The World

Abstract Background The economic and human costs of suicide to individuals, families, communities, and society make suicide a major public health problem around the world. Suicide rates in South Korea are among the highest in the world. This paper is the first systematic review investigating socioeconomic risk factors for suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, attempted suicides, and completed suicides) in South Korea. Methods We performed a systematic review in Medline and Web of Science. Empirical studies and peer-reviewed articles on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal behaviors have been included. A total of 53 studies were included in a descriptive synthesis. Results Overall, 35 studies focused on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal ideation, 16 were related to suicide attempts, while 10 addressed completed suicides. Low income, unemployment, and financial difficulties were identified as risk factors for all suicidal behaviors. Working in precarious conditions, long working hours, self-employment, changes in employment status, shift work/night-time work, and occupational stress were associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation. Low educational attainment appears to increase the risk for suicide attempts and completed suicide, but the significance of educational attainment on the reporting of suicidal ideation could not be verified. The primary studies were unable to ascertain whether the place of residence impacts on suicidal behaviors. Conclusions The results highlight the relevance of socioeconomic factors for suicidal behaviors in South Korea. Governmental social spending must be increased and redirected more efficiently so that the economically most vulnerable groups are financially protected and income inequality does not widen. Furthermore, comprehensive prevention strategies at the community level are needed. Future research needs to focus on identifying vulnerable groups for whom the effects of low socioeconomic status may have particularly serious consequences with regard to suicidal behaviors.

Download Full-text

Sexual violence and suicidal ideation among French adults, a mediation analysis

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.576 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

F El-Khoury ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Sexual Assault ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Mediation Analysis ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives Sexual violence against women is endemic and is linked with a host of mental health problems and suicidal behaviour. We test whether sexual violence is more prevalent and have more damaging psychological effects among women compared to men, and quantify its mediating role in the association between sex and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Methods We used data from the “Health Barometer” (Baromètre Santé) 2017 a cross-sectional phone survey, which recruited a nationally representative sample of French adults aged 18 to 75 years in 2017 (n = 25319). Data were weighted to be representative of the French adult population. Outcomes included suicidal ideation, imagery of suicide, and suicide attempts in the preceding year. We conducted mutlivariable mediation analysis using the counterfactual approach to evaluate the contribution that lifetime sexual violence has in the association between sex and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Results We found that women are five times more likely to have experienced sexual victimisation, and are more at risk of any suicidal ideation and imagery of suicide in the preceding year compared to men. Women and men had comparable rates of suicide attempts in the preceding year. We estimated that 47% of the increased risk of suicidal ideation in the preceding year women have compared to men is mediated by lifetime sexual assault. Lifetime sexual assault also explained 39% of the association between sex and having imagery of suicide. Discussion Our findings reiterate the importance of the prevention of sexual violence and an adequate care for sexual assault victims, especially women, in public health and mental health policies and initiatives. Key messages Women are five times more likely to have experienced sexual victimisation compared to men, and are more likely to suffer from suicidal ideation in the preceding year. Experience of lifetime sexual violence contributes substantially (around 50%) to women’s increased likelihood of suicidal ideation compared to men.

Download Full-text

Opioid Use and Misuse and Suicidal Behaviors in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/aje/kwz061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 188 (7) ◽

pp. 1245-1253 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hillary Samples ◽

Elizabeth A Stuart ◽

Mark Olfson

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Suicidal Behaviors ◽

Opioid Misuse ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Nationally Representative

Abstract Prior research has shown associations between opioid misuse and suicidal behaviors, but the relationship between medical opioid use and suicidal behaviors is not known. We assessed associations of opioid use and misuse with suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts among adults aged 18–64 years (n = 86,186) using nationally representative cross-sectional data from the 2015 and 2016 administrations of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We used logistic regression to estimate associations between opioid use/misuse and suicidal behaviors and propensity score–weighted logistic regression analysis to examine the counterfactual scenario in which persons with misuse had instead not misused opioids. In propensity score–weighted analyses, compared with opioid misuse, opioid use without misuse was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation (odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 0.72) and suicide plans (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.80), and no use was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.80), suicide plans (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.79), and suicide attempts (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.89). These findings suggest that opioid misuse is associated with greater odds of suicidal behaviors, but opioid use without misuse is not. Compared with persons with opioid misuse, similar persons without misuse have a reduced risk of suicidal behaviors. Clinical and public health interventions should focus on preventing misuse of opioids.

Download Full-text

The association of bullying with suicide ideation and attempt among adolescents with different dimensions of sexual orientation

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.984 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S71-S71 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. Montoro ◽

K. Igartua ◽

B.D. Thombs

Keyword(s):

Sexual Orientation ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Reference Group ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Self Report ◽

Same Sex ◽

Sex Attraction ◽

Increased Risk

IntroductionSexual minority youth are at increased risk for bullying and suicide, but they are heterogeneous in their sexual orientation dimensions (attraction, behavior and identity).ObjectiveTo compare the association of bullying and suicide parameters between (1) heterosexually identified students without same-sex attractions or behaviors (2) heterosexually identified students with same-sex attractions or behaviors and (3) non-heterosexually identified students.MethodsThe Quebec Youth Risk Behavior Survey was a self-report questionnaire given to 1852 students 14–18 years old.ResultsThe heterosexually identified students without same-sex attraction or behavior, and no bullying, was our reference group. When these students had bullying, the likelihood of suicidal ideation was double, but their likelihood of suicide attempts was the same. For non-heterosexually identified students, those with no bullying were twice as likely, and those with bullying were four times as likely to have suicidal ideation. When these students had no bullying, they were not more likely to have suicide attempts, but they were almost three times as likely when they had bullying. Heterosexually identified students with same-sex attraction or behavior were never more likely on any of the suicide measures.ConclusionThis study was the first to show that adolescents with a non-heterosexual identity will have a disproportionately greater likelihood in their suicide parameters when subject to bullying, than heterosexually identified students with or without same-sex attraction or behavior, suggesting that these latter two dimensions were non-contributory to suicide risk. The significance of identity as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behavior will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Variables de riesgo y protección relacionadas con la tentativa de suicidio

Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica ◽

10.5944/rppc.vol.23.num.3.2018.19106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 221

Author(s):

David Sánchez-Teruel ◽

José Antonio Muela-Martínez ◽

Ana García-León

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Suicidal Attempt ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Predictive Behavior

Abstract: Risk and protection variables related to suicidal attempt. Suicide is an important public health problem, being the suicidal attempt the most predictive behavior of completed suicide. The aim of this study was to detect if there are differences in psychosocial and emotional variables in people with and without suicidal ideation and attempt. The sample consisted of 166 participants (86.36% women), aged between 20 and 77 years (M= 36, SD= 14.12) with and without suicide attempts, which was in turn divided into three groups through the Scale of Suicidal Ideation. The results show that there are important differences between the three groups in the psychological variables measured. We discuss the role of psychosocial variables, which are at the base of the increased risk or protection towards the ideation or suicidal attempt, to promote public suicide prevention policies more focused on those clinical subpopulations with specific risk profiles.Resumen: El suicidio es un importante problema de salud pública, siendo la tentativa de suicidio la conducta más predictiva del suicidio consumado. Mediante el presente estudio se pretende detectar si existen diferencias en variables psicosociales y emocionales en personas con y sin ideación y tentativa suicida. La muestra estuvo constituida por 166 participantes (86.36 % mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 77 años (M= 36; DT= 14.12) con y sin tentativas suicidas, que fue a su vez dividida en tres grupos a través de la Escala de Ideación Suicida. Los resultados muestran que existen importantes diferencias entre los tres grupos en las variables psicológicas medidas. Se discute el papel de las variables psicosociales, que están en la base del incremento del riesgo o protección hacia la ideación o tentativa suicida, para propiciar políticas públicas de prevención del suicidio más centradas en aquellas subpoblaciones clínicas con perfiles de riesgo concretos.

Download Full-text