FROST RESISTANCE ASSESSMENT FOR ROOF CERAMIC TILE

Statyba ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
A. Sadūnas ◽  
H. Mörtel ◽  
A. Cimmers ◽  
V. Švinka ◽  
D. Būrė
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Resistance Assessment

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SERVICE FROST RESISTANCE OF CERAMIC FACING TILES

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Romualdas Mačiulaitis ◽  
Asta Kičaite ◽  
Džigita Nagrockiene ◽  
Gema Kudabiene
Keyword(s):  
Pore Volume ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Rapid Estimation ◽  
Residual Mass ◽  
Glazed Ceramic ◽  
Service Conditions

The problem of frost resistance is relevant to facing materials, especially glazed ceramic tiles. Analysing the processes of ceramic tile destruction it is important to take into account the primary destruction symptoms. New estimation of service frost resistance of ceramie tile according to residual surface and residual mass of the tile after a certain number of simulated service cycles is presented in the paper. Applying the new estimation, the forecast of frost resistance under extremely unfavourable service conditions may be performed. As for other ceramie products regarding frost resistance, one of the most important parameters is the reserve of pore volume. For a rapid estimation of service frost resistance of ceramie tile it is best to use several parameters under multiple correlation with the parameter of service frost resistance.

High-Performance Repair Mortars for Application in Severe Weathering Environments: Frost Resistance Assessment

2018 ◽  
pp. 155-168
Author(s):  
Dana Křivánková ◽  
Cristiana Lara Nunes ◽  
Zuzana Slížková ◽  
Dita Frankeová ◽  
Krzysztof Niedoba
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Resistance Assessment ◽  
Repair Mortars

scholarly journals FROST RESISTANCE ASSESSMENT FOR ROOF CERAMIC TILE/ÜBER DIE BESTIMMUNG DER FROSTBESTÄNDIGKEIT KERAMISCHER DACHZIEGEL UND ZIEGEL

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Antanas Sadūnas ◽  
Heinrich Mörtel ◽  
Andris Cimmers ◽  
Visvaldis Švinka ◽  
Domas Būrė
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Thawing Process ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Better Than

Up today in Europe there is no unanimous opinion which method is necessary for a correct assessment of roof ceramic tile frost resistance corresponding to the climatic conditions of application. Even the latest EU standards offer four methods of the assessment of the frost resistance for roof ceramic tile. Those standards refer to investigations carried out in various West Europe countries. Aluminosilicate laboratories of Vilnius Pedagogical University by cooperating with Erlangen-Nurenberg University and Riga Technical University have carried out investigation of roof ceramic tile frost resistance by applying two different methods (three-side and one-side freezing-thawing). Besides, deformations under one-side freezing-thawing and others physical-mechanical indices of the ceramic tile were investigated. Referring to the results of investigation of tiles manufactured by CO Lode (Latvia) and CO “Palemono keramika” (Lithuania), we have proved that three-side freezing-thawing method is erroneous for estimating frost resistance of the roof ceramic tile. Research of frost resistance of roof tile and brick is carried out at three research institutes. Tiles were tested using one-side and three-side (volume) freezing. In addition, rapid frost resistance evaluation method was determined using deformation measurement under cyclic frost-thawing process, textures and water adsorption, saturation coefficient under boiling conditions or vacuum environment of the samples tested. One-side freezing-thawing method using water or artificial rain for thawing of samples was determined as the mostly suitable testing method. Distribution of sizes of pores and capillars was determined as not tightly bound. The equations 2 and 4 indicate the possibility to forecast frost resistance of roof tile by two physical parameters: deformation size and water coefficient saturation in vacuum. Frost resistance of solid brick in one-sided freezing-method corresponds to the service conditions in brick walls better than for roof tile. Rapid forecast of frost resistance of solid brick is possible by the use of four physical parameters according to equation 5.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of frost resistance of grape varieties in the conditions of stress modeling

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Ирина Александровна Васылык ◽  
Владимир Владимирович Лиховской ◽  
Али Алхазурович Зармаев ◽  
Валерий Анатольевич Зленко ◽  
Наталия Анатольевна Рыбаченко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maximum Resistance ◽  
Resistance Parameter ◽  
Modeling Stress ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Resistance Assessment ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Grape Varieties

Диагностика степени устойчивости сортов винограда к морозу играет важную роль в селекции, поскольку лишь имея полную точную информацию о присущей конкретному генотипу степени выраженности признака возможно использование его в качестве источника ценного признака в процессе гибридизации. Задачей наших исследований являлось определение степени морозоустойчивости сортов винограда при моделировании стресса в лабораторных условиях с целью отбора наиболее перспективных сортов для включения в селекционный процесс. В исследования включены 53 сорта винограда различного происхождения, в том числе сорта-индикаторы с ранее установленной градацией признака морозоустойчивости. Наибольшую степень устойчивости к стрессу (минус 27 С - 9 баллов по шкале МОВВ) показали сорта Кинг Руби, Молдова, Саперави северный и Берландиери х Рипариа Кобер 5ББ (контроль), обеспечив при этом 100 %-ную сохранность центральных почек. В группу сортов, показавших устойчивость к морозу до минус 24С (7 баллов), определены сорта Альминский, Альминский белый, Атлант, Красностоп золотовский, Мускат ранний, Сибирьковый, Фогельтраубен и контрольный сорт Цитронный Магарача, которые обеспечивают 100 %-ное прорастание центральных почек после промораживания при температуре минус 24С. В ходе анализа данных использованы пять параметров оценки устойчивости к стрессу: % проросших глазков, среднее значение длины проросших побегов, а также количество и длина образовавшихся корней, развитие соцветий. Использование кластерного анализа позволило определить сходство и различия сортов между собой по заданным параметрам. Исследуемые сорта разделились на два различных между собой кластера. Наибольший интерес для селекционной работы представляет кластер, включающий в себя 21 сорт винограда. Эти сорта среди изученных обладают максимальной устойчивостью к стрессу по комплексу параметров. Среди устойчивых к воздействию морозов сортов винограда максимально близкий к контрольному сорту Берландиери х Рипариа Кобер 5ББ является сорт Саперави северный (Ed =0,21). Diagnostics of the resistance degree of grape varieties plays an important role in breeding, since the use of frost resistance parameter as a valuable feature in the process of hybridization is possible only having complete and accurate information about the degree of its expression peculiar for a particular genotype. The objective of our research was to determine the degree of frost resistance of grape varieties when modeling stress in laboratory conditions in order to select the most promising varieties for breeding process. The study covered 53 grape varieties of different origin, including varieties-indicators with previously established gradation of frost resistance parameter. The highest degree of resistance to stress (minus 27°C - 9 points by the OIV scale) showed the varieties ‘King Ruby’, ‘Moldova’, ‘Saperavi Severnyi’ and ‘Berlandieri x Riparia Kobera 5BB’ (control), providing 100% preservation of the central buds. Another group of varieties (7 points): ‘Alminski’, ‘Alminski Belyi’, ‘Atlant’, ‘Krasnostop Zolotovskiy’, ‘Muscat Ranniy’, ‘Sibirkovyi’, ‘Vogeltrauben’ and the control variety ‘Tsitronnyi Magaracha’ provided 100% germination of central buds after freezing at minus 24 ° C . In the process of data analysis, five parameters of stress resistance assessment were used: % of sprouted eyes, average value of length of sprouted shoots, number and length of formed roots, the development of inflorescences. Using of the cluster analysis allowed us to determine the similarity and difference of varieties from each other by given parameters. The studied varieties were divided into two different clusters. The biggest interest for breeding work by the complex of parameters gained the cluster of 21 grape varieties with maximum resistance to stress. Among frost-resistant grape varieties the nearest to the control ‘Berlandieri x Riparia Kober 5BB’ was ‘Saperavi Severnyi’ variety (Ed = 0.21).

Features of radiothermoluminescence of polypropylene and ethylene propylenediene elastomer SKEPT-4044 compositions with nanoscale metal-containing fillers

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
A.M. Magerramov ◽  
◽  
N.I. Kurbanova ◽  
M.N. Bayramov ◽  
N.A. Alimirzoyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Molecular Mobility ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Β Relaxation

Using radiothermoluminescence (RTL), the molecular mobility features in the temperature range of 77-300 K were studied for the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene elastomer SKEPT-4044 with NiO, Cu2O and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) based on ABS-acrylonitrile butadiene or SCS-divinyl styrene matrices. It has been shown that the introduction of nanofillers in PP significantly affects the nature and temperature of γ- and β-relaxation processes, while the region of manifestation of the β-process noticeably shifts to the region of low temperatures. Composites with Cu2O NPs have a higher β-transition temperature Tβ than composites with other NPs. It was found that PP/SKEPT-4044 composites with Cu2O NPs with a dispersion of 11-15 nm and acrylonitrile butadiene thermoplastics have optimal frost resistance compared to other compositions.

Influence of Electro-Surface Properties of Mineral Filler on Frost Resistance of Powder Concretes

2019 ◽  
Vol 775 (10) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Sh.M. RAKHIMBAEV ◽  
◽  
N.M. TOLYPINA ◽  
A.A. KOSINOVA ◽  
E.N. KHAKHALEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Mineral Filler

Cereals frost resistance correlates with an integral indicators of content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Horielova ◽  
◽  
N. I. Ryabchun ◽  
M. A. Shkliarevskyi ◽  
A. M. Reznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Adult Plants

Along with specific adaptive reactions, universal defense reactions, in particular activation of antioxidant system, are of great importance for plant survival under cold conditions. We have studied a relationship among the content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds with antioxidant properties (proline, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase) in seedlings of winter wheat, rye and triticale, and frost resistance of etiolated seedlings and adult plants at tillering stage. It was found that there was a fairly close correlation between the frost resistance of seedlings and adult cereal plants (r = 0,78). It was shown that a pronounced relationship between individual indicators of antioxidant system functioning in unhardened seedlings and their frost resistance was not found. After 6-day hardening of seedlings at 2-4°C, there was a high correlation between the total indicator of the enzymatic antioxidant system (the sum of normalized indicators of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity) and their frost resistance (r = 0,86), but the correlation coefficient of this index with frost resistance of plants in tillering phase was significantly lower (r = 0,47). At the same time, a high correlation was found between the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings and frost resistance of tillering adult plants (r = 0.89). The closest correlation was observed between the integral normalized indicator, comprising the sum of normalized values of antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings, and frost resistance of seedlings (r = 0,94) and plants in tillering phase (r = 0,89). A presence of specific features in the functioning of antioxidant system during cold adaptation of cereal seedlings was established. Rye is characterized by a high content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds; at the same time, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase - was noted in wheat seedlings. In triticale, depending on the genotype, the values of both enzymatic antioxidant activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors varied.

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