Into Russian nature: tourism, environmental protection, and national parks in the twentieth century

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Christian Noack
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Nature Tourism

Into Russian Nature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Roe
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
National Parks ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
National Park ◽  
World War ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Goals

Into Russian Nature examines the history of the Russian national park movement. Russian biologists and geographers had been intrigued with the idea of establishing national parks before the Great October Revolution but pushed the Soviet government successfully to establish nature reserves (zapovedniki) during the USSR’s first decades. However, as the state pushed scientists to make zapovedniki more “useful” during the 1930s, some of the system’s staunchest defenders started supporting tourism in them. In the decades after World War II, the USSR experienced a tourism boom and faced a chronic shortage of tourism facilities. Also during these years, Soviet scientists took active part in Western-dominated international environmental protection organizations, where they became more familiar with national parks. In turn, they enthusiastically promoted parks for the USSR as a means to reconcile environmental protection and economic development goals, bring international respect to Soviet nature protection efforts, and help instill a love for the country’s nature and a desire to protect it in Russian/Soviet citizens. By the late 1980s, their supporters pushed transformative, and in some cases quixotic, park proposals. At the same time, national park opponents presented them as an unaffordable luxury during a time of economic struggle, especially after the USSR’s collapse. Despite unprecedented collaboration with international organizations, Russian national parks received little governmental support as they became mired in land-use conflicts with local populations. While the history of Russia’s national parks illustrates a bold attempt at reform, the state’s failure’s to support them has left Russian park supporters deeply disillusioned.

Transformative Visions during the Brezhnev Era

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-104
Author(s):  
Alan D. Roe
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Ussr Council ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Union Status ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Council Of Ministers

During the 1970s in the USSR, several Soviet republics established national parks. While the Soviet Council of Ministers had to pass a law giving national parks union status before the RSFSR could establish national parks, numerous park projects were conceived throughout Russia during this era. The attention that the Soviet government gave to environmental protection fueled their hopes. At the same time, Russian environmentalists became increasingly frustrated by the slow push toward establishing a law giving national parks union status as they discussed the future form that Russia’s parks would take. Passed by the USSR Council of Ministers in 1981, the law recognizing national parks left many long-debated issues unresolved and laid the groundwork for conflicts between Russia’s national parks and local populations.

The Analysis of General Entropy in Harmonious Management for Nature Tourism and Eco-Environmental Protection

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Entropy Production ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Far From Equilibrium ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Reserve System

Reserve system is a far from equilibrium nonlinear complex systems, and paradigms that make use of linear scientific is difficult to grasp its essence. Based on the basic characteristics of nature reserve systems, utilize ultra-entropy production model, revealing the reserve system evolution, provide a scientific basis to the natural reserve tourism development and the harmony management of the ecological and environmental protection.

scholarly journals Unmapped New Jersey Treasure: A Research Library Hiding in Plain Sight

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Sarah Minegar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Park Service

<p><em>Instituted in 1933 as the first historical park in the Park Service, </em><em>Morristown National Historical Park (MNHP) marks a watershed moment in Park history and its involvement in the preservation movement of the early twentieth century. We at NJ Studies invited MNHP to submit the Museums, Archives, Artifacts, and Documents News</em><strong> </strong><em>entry for the Winter 2017 edition of the Journal given this issue’s focus on National Parks and the environment. We were surprised and delighted by their very unexpected and interesting submission, and- without giving too much away- hope you will be as well!</em></p>

scholarly journals The Lyceum Club and the Making of the Modern Woman

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Kay Ferres
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War I ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Women's Clubs ◽  
World War ◽  
Community Organisations ◽  
The Press ◽  
Legislative Assembly

In 1934, the editor of the Courier-Mail’s women's page, Winifred Moore, reflected on the growth and importance of women's clubs in Queensland in the early decades of the twentieth century. Moore herself had been involved in community organisations since she took up her career in journalism during World War I. She was a foundation member of the National Parks Association, a member of the Press Association, the Queensland Women's Electoral league (QWEL) and the Lyceum Club. Many of her contemporaries shared what she called ‘the club habit’, a habit that had enabled women to ‘find their tongues in public assemblies’ in the decades after they achieved the vote (Courier-Mail, 8 February 1934, 16). As she wrote her column, Moore may have been thinking of a particular woman: her friend Irene Longman (1877–1964), who had been elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 1929, only to lose her seat at the next election.

Ecological tourism in Russia and Scandinavia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Наталия Логинова ◽  
Nataliya Loginova ◽  
Валентина Костоварова ◽  
Valentina Kostovarova ◽  
Галина Чудайкина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
State Support ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Ecological Tourism

In recent years, in our country there is a significant growth of interest in such unusual trend in tourism as ecological tourism. Ecotourism is a kind of nature tourism, which brings together people who want to be as close as possible to nature. The very concept of &#34;ecotourism&#34; for our country is a relatively new, but in Western Europe, USA, Canada, Australia and other countries such kind of rest has already gained a lot of popularity. In Russia, despite the opportunities for development of this trend, ecotourism is underdeveloped. This article defines the concept of &#34;ecotourism&#34;, describes the peculiarities of this type of tourism, and lists the main requirements for eco-tours. The authors give the main reasons hindering the development of eco-tourism in our country. The authors consider in detail the Nordic countries as an example of the highest level of eco-tourism organizing. Currently, it is one of the most popular destinations for eco-tourists. The Nordic countries, namely Norway, Sweden and Denmark, provide great opportunities for the ecotourism development. It is promoted by the magnificent nature, picturesque landscapes, good level of state support and protection of national parks and reserves, the interest of the local population in maintaining the ecotourism facilities in proper state and creation of comfortable conditions for recreation of foreign and domestic tourists, who prefer to spend their holidays or a weekend surrounded by nature. There are solutions for active rest and relaxing vacation, which allows the Nordic countries to attract more and more eco-tourists year by year.

Environmental History of Tamil Nadu State, Law and Decline of Forest and Tribals, 1950–2000

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
VELAYUTHAM SARAVANAN
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
History Of

Environment and sustainable development have been accorded great emphasis since the last quarter of the twentieth century. In India, the environmental protection is enshrined in the Constitution of India (42nd Amendment) under the Directive Principles of State Policy in 1977. According to Article 48A, ‘State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife in the country’. Article 51A(g) enjoins upon the citizens ‘to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes and rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for the living creatures’.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alan D. Roe
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
National Parks ◽  
First Century ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth

The history of the Russian national park movement spans from the pre-Revolutionary era to the early twenty-first century. The establishment of national parks in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic beginning in 1983 demonstrated environmentalists’ ability to push the Soviet government to make reforms in an era that is frequently misunderstood as one of stagnation. However, since that time, Russian national parks have almost always fallen short of the ambitious goals of their founders and have provided Russian environmentalists with a painful reminder of their state’s weak commitment to environmental protection. More so than any other work in the field of Russian environmental history, this story places Russian environmental protection firmly within the larger story of international environmental protection networks and organizations in the late twentieth century. It contributes to the growing literature on Russian tourism, the international history of national parks, and social movements in the Soviet Union’s last decades.

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