scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN B1 DEFICIENCY AND OF RESTRICTED FOOD INTAKE ON THE RESPONSE OF MICE TO THE LANSING STRAIN OF POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS

1944 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Foster ◽  
James H. Jones ◽  
Werner Henle ◽  
Frieda Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin Deficiency ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

In several experiments it was shown that a deficiency of vitamin B1 in the diet increased the resistance of mice to the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis. The source of the virus was a suspension of infected mouse brain in saline, which was injected intracerebrally. Both the mortality rate and the incidence of paralysis were lower in the deficient animals than in the normally fed controls. The protection was more pronounced with respect to paralysis than with respect to the number of deaths. Some deaths in the deficient groups were undoubtedly due to the vitamin deficiency, as indicated by numerous deaths among groups of animals which were given the deficient diet but injected with a suspension of normal brain. An attempt was made to maintain a state of chronic vitamin deficiency by giving small amounts of the vitamin. The results also seem to indicate that the effect of the deficiency was more in delaying the action of the virus than in preventing it. The greatest difference between normally fed and deficient animals receiving the virus came at about the 12th day after inoculation. Comparable results were obtained by restricting the intake of the complete diet to 1 gm. per mouse per day, which is about 40 per cent of the intake of the normally fed mice. Restriction of the caloric intake alone gave similar results. Restriction of food intake was effective in experiments in which extra vitamin B1 was given in the diet and also when a diluted saline solution was given by stomach tube to assure a sufficient intake of fluid. Other data are necessary before an explanation can be given for the manner in which these deficiencies increase the resistance of the mice to the virus of poliomyelitis.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B1 DEFICIENCY AND RESTRICTION OF FOOD INTAKE ON THE RESPONSE OF MICE TO THE LANSING STRAIN OF POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS, AS DETERMINED BY THE PAIRED FEEDING TECHNIQUE

1944 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Foster ◽  
James H. Jones ◽  
Werner Henle ◽  
Frieda Dorfman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Feeding Technique ◽  
Restricted Group ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Deficient Group

In a paired feeding experiment the effects of vitamin B1 deficiency and of restriction of food intake have been compared. In both groups of animals the number of cases of paralysis and the number of deaths were less than in a control group on an unrestricted amount of the complete diet. The maximum difference occurred on the 15th day after inoculation. The incidence of paralysis and death in the vitamin-deficient group was also less than in the paired restricted group. The maximum difference occurred on the 17th day following inoculation, after which the difference gradually became less. At the end of the experiment (28 days) there was a slightly greater number of deaths in the restricted group than in the vitamin-deficient group. Apparently the effect of vitamin B1 deficiency on the action of the virus of poliomyelitis in the mouse is not due solely to the resulting anorexia. From the 3rd to the 25th day after inoculation the animals were examined at hourly intervals throughout the day and night. On the 26th and 27th days they were examined every 3 hours. Except for two mice in the unrestricted group dying before the hourly examinations were begun, peripheral paralysis was observed in every animal which died.

scholarly journals Alteration in cholinesterases, γ-aminobutyric acid and serotonin level with respect to thiamine deficiency in Swiss mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Anupama Sharma ◽  
Renu Bist
Keyword(s):  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Mice

Abstract Thiamine (vitamin B1), cofactor for various multi-enzyme complexes in energy metabolism, and plays a major role in the synthesis of cholinesterases such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE); butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Present study deals with the changes in the cholinesterases, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin in mice brain following thiamine deficiency. Experimental mice (6–8 week old) were made thiamine deficient by intraperitoneal injection of pyrithiamine hydrobromide and fed with thiamine-deficient diet. Animals were divided into three groups, Group I (Control), Group II (thiamine deficient mice for 8 days), and Group III (thiamine deficient mice for 10 days). The higher serotonin level whereas significant decreases in the AChE, BChE and GABA level were recorded in treated groups as compared to control. Hence, vitamin B1 deficiency disturbs the cholinergic system and neurotransmitters levels in brain which may lead to neurodegenerative diseases.

Suppression of Food Intake in the Rat by Tung Oil

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. McPherson Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Tung Oil ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

Tung oil has previously been found to suppress voluntary food intake when mixed with the diet. When tung oil or corn oil were fed by stomach tube to weanling and adult rats, the voluntary intake of laboratory chow was depressed by both lipids. The corn-oil fed animals readjusted their caloric intake to their prefeeding level in adults and to the level consumed by chow-only fed weanlings of the same age. However, the tung-oil fed adult animals consumed only one-half the dry food intake of the corn-oil fed animals (p < 0.001). Consequently the adult tung-oil fed animals lost significantly more (p < 0.01) of their body weight than did the corn-oil fed controls. This suggests that the mechanism of suppression of food intake by tung oil operates at some level other than taste or consistency of the diet.

scholarly journals Vitamin B1 Deficiency Does not Affect the Liver Concentrations of the Other Seven Kinds of B-Group Vitamins in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. NMI.S11749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Shibata ◽  
Atsushi Shimizu ◽  
Tsutomu Fukuwatari
Keyword(s):  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Group

We aimed to determine the effects of vitamin B1 deficiency on vitamin contents of urine, liver, and blood. In the current study, rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 5, each group): the first was freely fed a complete diet (ad lib-fed control group); the second freely fed a vitamin B1-free diet (vitamin B1 deficient group); and the third pair-fed a complete diet with the same amounts of the vitamin B1 deficient group (pair-fed control group). The experimental period was for 15 days. The blood concentrations of vitamin B2, PLP, vitamin B12, folic acid, and biotin were lower in the pair-fed control than in the ad lib-fed control and those of nicotinamide and pantothenic acid were the same. We conclude that Vitamin B1 deficiency did not affect concentrations of the other B-group vitamins.

Comparative studies on vitamin B1 deficiency in whole blood of chronically haemodialysed patients: chromatographic, fluorimetric and PCA study

2021 ◽  
pp. 122880
Author(s):  
Paweł B. Rudnicki-Velasquez ◽  
Hanna Storoniak ◽  
Karolina Jagiełło ◽  
Joanna Kreczko–Kurzawa ◽  
Magdalena Jankowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviva Fattal-Valevski
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Korsakoff Syndrome ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
B Vitamin

Thiamine (vitamin B1) was the first B vitamin to have been identified. It serves as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in energy metabolism. The thiamine-dependent enzymes are important for the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and for the production of reducing substances used in oxidant stress defenses, as well as for the synthesis of pentoses used as nucleic acid precursors. Thiamine plays a central role in cerebral metabolism. Its deficiency results in dry beriberi, a peripheral neuropathy, wet beriberi, a cardiomyopathy with edema and lactic acidosis, and Wernicke—Korsakoff syndrome, whose manifestations consist of nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia evolving into confusion, retrograde amnesia, cognitive impairment, and confabulation. Patients on a strict thiamine-deficient diet display a state of severe depletion within 18 days. The most common cause of thiamine deficiency in affluent countries is either alcoholism or malnutrition in nonalcoholic patients. Treatment by thiamine supplementation is beneficial for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

ADULT SCURVY ASSOCIATED WITH VITAMIN-B1 DEFICIENCY

The Lancet ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 231 (5990) ◽  
pp. 1385-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bruce Young
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Protein appetite is increased after central leptin-induced fat depletion

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. R1468-R1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Wiater ◽  
Bryan D. Hudson ◽  
Yvette Virgin ◽  
Sue Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Nadir Point ◽  
And Control

Leptin reduces body fat selectively, sparing body protein. Accordingly, during chronic leptin administration, food intake is suppressed, and body weight is reduced until body fat is depleted. Body weight then stabilizes at this fat-depleted nadir, while food intake returns to normal caloric levels, presumably in defense of energy and nutritional homeostasis. This model of leptin treatment offers the opportunity to examine controls of food intake that are independent of leptin's actions, and provides a window for examining the nature of feeding controls in a “fatless” animal. Here we evaluate macronutrient selection during this fat-depleted phase of leptin treatment. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on standard pelleted rodent chow and given daily lateral ventricular injections of leptin or vehicle solution until body weight reached the nadir point and food intake returned to normal levels. Injections were then continued for 8 days, during which rats self-selected their daily diet from separate sources of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Macronutrient choice differed profoundly in leptin and control rats. Leptin rats exhibited a dramatic increase in protein intake, whereas controls exhibited a strong carbohydrate preference. Fat intake did not differ between groups at any time during the 8-day test. Despite these dramatic differences in macronutrient selection, total daily caloric intake did not differ between groups except on day 2. Thus controls of food intake related to ongoing metabolic and nutritional requirements may supersede the negative feedback signals related to body fat stores.

scholarly journals Vitamins B1 and B2 Status in Indigenous Northerners Leading a Seminomadic and Sedentary Lifestyle

2021 ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Natal’ya Potolitsyna ◽  
◽  
Evgeniy Boyko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Vitamin Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Status

The Komi Republic is one of the regions with large communities of reindeer herders. As a result of the active development of northern territories, the indigenous population is shifting from nomadic to sedentary lifestyle, which is accompanied by significant changes in their traditional way of life and diet. As a result, representatives of the same ethnic group can have different dietary patterns. This paper compares the status of vitamins B1 and B2 between the groups of northerners leading a seminomadic and sedentary lifestyle. Indigenous inhabitants – children (aged 7–17 years, n = 395) and adults (aged 18–57 years, n = 370) – living in the Komi Republic (65–67°N) were examined. The group of reindeer herders consisted of workers of reindeer-herding teams travelling with the herd and their children (either attending boarding schools or living with their families). The control group was represented by indigenous northerners not involved in reindeer herding and permanently living in settlements. The vitamins B1 and B2 status was measured by the activity of vitamin-dependent red cell enzymes. We found a high prevalence of vitamin deficiency (over 40 % for vitamin B1 and over 30 % for vitamin B2) among the indigenous population of the North. The total prevalence of vitamin deficiency among reindeer herders was similar to that in the population leading a sedentary lifestyle; however, severe hypovitaminosis was more than twice as common among the latter. The vitamin status of reindeer herders’ children attending boarding schools and those living with their families during the academic year did not differ significantly from the status of children whose families lead a permanent sedentary lifestyle.

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