Formation and capture of droplet with high volume ratio of cell to droplet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhao ◽  
Zhen-Yu Xun ◽  
Liang-Liang Fan ◽  
Jiang Zhe ◽  
Liang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume

Analysis and Design of Multistage Electrostatically-Actuated Micro Vacuum Pumps

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Astle ◽  
Anthony Paige ◽  
Luis P. Bernal ◽  
Jennifer Munfakh ◽  
Hanseup Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Vacuum Pump ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Electrostatically Actuated ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Low Volume

A new concept for a MEMS-fabricated micro vacuum pump is proposed. The pump is designed to operate in air and can be easily integrated into MEMS-fabricated micro fluidic systems. The pump consists of a series of pumping cavities with electrostatically actuated membranes interconnected by electrostatically actuated microvalves. A thermodynamic model of the micropump has been developed and used to determine the pump performance. It is shown that volume ratio plays an important role in the operation of the pump. For a fixed number of stages, at high volume ratio, pumping action is uniformly distributed among the stages. In contrast, at low volume ratio most of the pumping takes place in the latter stages of the pump. Detailed calculations of the flow through key components of the micropump are also reported. In particular the flow through a checkerboard microvalve and electrode perforations is discussed, and new correlations for the pressure loss in these components are proposed.

Development of Induction Melting System With Active Insulator for Radioactive Solid Waste

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Matsumoto ◽  
Ichiro Kawaguchi ◽  
Ryo Chishiro ◽  
Motohiko Nishimura ◽  
Kazuki Kanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Thermal Hydraulic Analysis ◽  
High Frequency Induction

The melting treatment is suitable for reducing the volume of the wastes because of the high volume reduction ratio (the volume reduction ratio is the initial volume to the volume after treatment). We have developed a new high-frequency induction melting system for the low-level radioactive miscellaneous solid wastes. The non-conductive ceramic canister and a heat loss compensator (Active insulator) were used in this new system. It is difficult to melt a large amount of the non-metallic materials with the canister. We solved this problem by using the active insulator, which was made of the conductive material. Melting performance confirmation tests were performed in the medium-scale melting system. Based on the result of the medium-scale melting test and multi-dimensional thermal-hydraulic analysis, the full-scale melting system was designed and constructed. We performed the melting tests using the full-scale melting system. the volume ratio of the non-metallic wastes at the re-solidification was more than 70%. Behavior of nuclides was also investigated with non-radioactive Co and Cs tracers. The residual ratio of Co and Cs were 97%, 58%, respectively.

scholarly journals Geometric Design of Scroll Expanders Optimized for Small Organic Rankine Cycles

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Orosz ◽  
Amy V. Mueller ◽  
Bertrand J. Dechesne ◽  
Harold F. Hemond
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Space ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Planar Curve ◽  
Compactness Factor ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycles ◽  
Scroll Expanders

The application of organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) for small scale power generation is inhibited by a lack of suitable expansion devices. Thermodynamic and mechanistic considerations suggest that scroll machines are advantageous in kilowatt-scale ORC equipment, however, a method of independently selecting a geometric design optimized for high-volume-ratio ORC scroll expanders is needed. The generalized 8-dimensional planar curve framework (Gravesen and Henriksen, 2001, “The Geometry of the Scroll Compressor,” Soc. Ind. Appl. Math., 43, pp. 113–126), previously developed for scroll compressors, is applied to the expansion scroll and its useful domain limits are defined. The set of workable scroll geometries is: (1) established using a generate-and-test algorithm with inclusion based on theoretical viability and engineering criteria, and (2) the corresponding parameter space is related to thermodynamically relevant metrics through an analytic ranking quantity fc (“compactness factor”) equal to the volume ratio divided by the normalized scroll diameter. This method for selecting optimal scroll geometry is described and demonstrated using a 3 kWe ORC specification as an example. Workable scroll geometry identification is achieved at a rate greater than 3 s−1 with standard desktop computing, whereas the originally undefined 8-D parameter space yields an arbitrarily low success rate for determining valid scroll mating pairs. For the test case, a maximum isentropic expansion efficiency of 85% is found by examining a subset of candidates selected the for compactness factor (volume expansion ratio per diameter), which is shown to correlate with the modeled isentropic efficiency (R2 = 0.88). The rapid computationally efficient generation and selection of complex validated scroll geometries ranked by physically meaningful properties is demonstrated. This procedure represents an essential preliminary qualification for intensive modeling and prototyping efforts necessary to generate new high performance scroll expander designs for kilowatt scale ORC systems.

scholarly journals Using a Partially Evaporating Cycle to Improve the Volume Ratio Problem of the Trilateral Flash Cycle for Low-Grade Heat Recovery

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Kai-Yuan Lai ◽  
Yu-Tang Lee ◽  
Ta-Hua Lai ◽  
Yao-Hsien Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Pinch Point ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Low Grade Heat

This study examined the trilateral flash cycle characteristics (TFC) and partially evaporating cycle (PEC) using a low-grade heat source at 80 °C. The evaporation temperature and mass flow rate of the working fluids and the expander inlet’s quality were optimized through pinch point observation. This can help advance methods in determining the best design points and their operating conditions. The results indicated the partially evaporating cycle could solve the high-volume ratio problem without sacrificing the net power and thermal efficiency performance. When the system operation’s saturation temperature decreased by 10 °C, the net power, thermal efficiency, and volume ratio of the trilateral flash cycle system decreased by approximately 20%. Conversely, with the same operational conditions, the net power and thermal efficiency of the partially evaporating cycle system decreased by only approximately 3%; however, the volume ratio decreased by more than 50%. When the system operating temperature was under 63 °C, each fluid’s volume ratio could decrease to approximately 5. The problem of high excessive expansion would be solved from the features of the partially evaporating cycle, and it will keep the ideal power generation efficiency and improve expander manufacturing.

scholarly journals Critical Reviews on Engineered Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Brij Bhushan Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
High Volume Production ◽  
Automotive Textiles

Environmental contamination is one of the important issues that the world is facing today, it is always expanding and leading to the grave and harmful effect on the Earth. Nanoparticles have a diameter less than 100 nm exhibit new size-dependent properties compared with the bulk material. Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have unique characteristics in addition to the high surface area-to-volume ratio, which may increase their toxicity relative to bulk materials. Due to the high volume production of ENPs products such as carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, silver, zinc oxide environmental exposure to these compounds is very common. ENPs have their unique properties and applications in the areas of medicine, food& drink, construction, automotive, textiles, energy, electronics, environment etc. The present critical review is focused on the recent development of the applications of ENPs in the environmental remediation and their toxic effects.

scholarly journals Effects of nanosilica to improve the mechanical, electrical and durability properties of fiber-reinforced high-volume processed sugarcane bagasse ash cement mortar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Gopalakrishnan ◽  
RAVI KAVERI ◽  
A JohnKirubahar
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Pva Fiber ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nanosilica (NS) has attracted wide variety of usage as cement ingredients. While many other studies have focused on early cement hydration and hardening properties, there is less data available on the impact of NS on the behavior of fiber-reinforced high-volume sugarcane bagasse cement mortar (HVSCBAM). The effects of NS on the fiber-reinforced durability of HVSCBAM, having the properties of sugarcane bagasse ash/binder in an average of 50% by weight, have been presented in detail in this study. Four NS/binder weight ratio dosages of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of and another four total PVA fiber/volume ratio dosages of 0%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% were used. Compared to 0.2-1 vol.% of PVA fiber–reinforced HVSCBAM, the 1.5 wt.% of NS would enhance the compressive strength further. Various reports on mineralogy and microstructure have demonstrated that NS facilitates fiber/matrix bonding. These conclusions provide an insight into the pozzolanic materials of cement that are used in a large volume in the designs and applications of nanoparticles.

scholarly journals A Simple Approach for Generating Random Aggregate Model of Concrete Based on Laguerre Tessellation and Its Application Analyses

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutai Guo ◽  
Jialong He ◽  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Yuande Zhou ◽  
Feng Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Mass Concrete ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Computer Assisted Design ◽  
Random Aggregate ◽  
Random Aggregate Model

Generating random aggregate models (RAMs) plays a key role in the mesoscopic modelling of concrete-like composite materials. The arbitrary geometry, wide gradation, and high volume ratio of aggregates pose a great challenge for fast and efficient numerical construction of concrete meso-structures. This paper presents a simple strategy for generating RAMs of concrete based on Laguerre tessellation, which mainly consists of three steps: tessellation, geometric smoothing, and scaling. The computer-assisted design (CAD) file of RAMs obtained by the proposed approach can be directly adopted for the construction of random numerical concrete samples. Combined with the image-based octree meshing algorithm, the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) was adopted for an automatic stress analysis of mass concrete samples, and a parametric study was conducted to investigate the meso-structural effects on concrete elasticity properties. The modelling results successfully reproduced the increasing trend of concrete elastic modulus with the grading of coarse aggregates in literature test data and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Study on fired bricks with replacing clay by fly ash in high volume ratio

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Lingling ◽  
Guo Wei ◽  
Wang Tao ◽  
Yang Nanru
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fired Bricks

Morphology, Distribution and Identification of Micro-Constituents Along Grain Boundaries in Nickel-Base Alloys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
D. E. Fornwalt ◽  
A. R. Geary ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Rupture Life ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Stress Rupture Life ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Scanning Electron

A systematic study has been made of the effects of various heat treatments on the microstructures of several experimental high volume fraction γ’ precipitation hardened nickel-base alloys, after doping with ∼2 w/o Hf so as to improve the stress rupture life and ductility. The most significant microstructural chan§e brought about by prolonged aging at temperatures in the range 1600°-1900°F was the decoration of grain boundaries with precipitate particles.Precipitation along the grain boundaries was first detected by optical microscopy, but it was necessary to use the scanning electron microscope to reveal the details of the precipitate morphology. Figure 1(a) shows the grain boundary precipitates in relief, after partial dissolution of the surrounding γ + γ’ matrix.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document