Efficient approach for optical and morphologic characterization of hybrid perovskite films based on reflectance and transmittance measurements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Caram ◽  
Maximiliano Senno ◽  
Luisa Cencha ◽  
Silvia Tinte ◽  
Raul Urteaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite

Abstract Organo-inorganic perovskites have been intensively studied due to its potential application in low cost and great efficient energy conversion in solar cells. Despite the great improvement in the quality of organo-inorganic perovskite films, a wide dispersion into the same batch of perovskite-based devices keep being an obstacle to obtaining highly reproducible results. For that reason new and efficient strategies for testing deposition results is imperative for the next step. Here we present a simple and efficient procedure for characterizing the optical and morphological properties based on the simultaneous reflectance and transmittance measurements under normal incidence over a MAPbI3 film. The proposed method provides qualitative and quantitative morphological information associated with the film roughness as well as information about the position of the optical gap and possible contributions to the optical dispersion in the structure that can be used as a simple diagnostic tool to optimize the film deposition. Results are contrasted and validated with electronic and atomic force microscopy, as well as first-principles calculations.

Characterization of Asymmetric Polydiacetylene Ultrathin Films

1995 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Cheong ◽  
V. Shivshankar ◽  
H. C. Wang ◽  
C. M. Sung ◽  
J. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrathin Films ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Blodgett Film ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ft Ir

ABSTRACTNonlinear optical (NLO) ultrathin films of a preforrned asymmetric polydiacetylene have been fabricated by Z-type Langmuir-Blodgett film deposition from the air-water interface. Induced in-plane orientation of the polydiacetylene backbone on the substrates has been confirmed by UV/Vis, FT-IR dichroism, and degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) studies. All the measurements indicate that the backbone is prefe rentially oriented along the dipping direction. Second harmonic generation study suggests that the LB multilayers form an asymmetric structure (Z-type) due to the accumulation of 2-dimensional ordered monolayer and the dominant induced second order polarization is in the plane of the film. The film morphology and molecular orientation have been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

scholarly journals Structural and Morphological Properties of As-Deposited and Heat Treated Blended Graphene Oxide / Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly(Styrenesulfonate) Thin Films

2021 ◽  
pp. 4416-4424
Author(s):  
Saja Qasim ◽  
Ameer F. AbdulAmeer ◽  
Ali H A Jalaukhan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Spin Coater

    In this study the as-deposited and heat treated at 423K of conductive blend graphene oxide (GO)/ poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films was prepared with different PEDOT:PSS concentration (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1)w/w on pre-cleaned glass substrate by spin coater. The XRD analysis indicate the existence of the preffered peak (001) of GO around 2θ=8.24° which is domain in all GO/ PEDOT:PSS films characterized for GO, this result approve the good quality of the PEDOT:PSS dispersion in GO, this peak shifted to the lower 2θ with increasing PEDOT:PSS concentration and after annealing process. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and atomic force microscopy (AFM) clearly show the GO flakes and go to disappear with increasing the PEDOT:PSS concentration. 

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CDO-NIO NANOCOMPOSITES USING LASER PULSE DEPOSITION APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Khamees D. MAHMOOD ◽  
Kadhim A. AADIM ◽  
Mohammed G. HAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Pulse Deposition ◽  
Deposited Films

In this manuscript, CdO-NiO nanocomposites (in the form of thin film) with particular concentrations are paper using laser pulse deposition technique under the effect of different laser energies (300, 400, 500, and 600 mJ). Furthermore, the structural, morphological, and optical analyses are thoroughly investigated. In particular, well-oriented deposited films are observed by using X-ray diffraction technique, while the morphological properties are investigated using two different techniques namely field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy which have revealed small nanoparticles with approximate diameter of 50 nm and average surface roughness ranging between 6.5 and 20.3 nm for laser energies of 400 and 600 mJ, respectively. Continuously, the optical technique applied which used UV-Vis analysis has showed cut-off phenomenon at around 339 nm. In the meanwhile, the energy band gap for the deposited films was found to be within the range of 2.2 and 2.4 eV, as a result of different laser energies.

Microstructural Characterization of 3C-SiC Thin Films Grown by Flash Lamp Induced Liquid Phase Epitaxy

2005 ◽  
Vol 483-485 ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ferro ◽  
D. Panknin ◽  
Efstathios K. Polychroniadis ◽  
Yves Monteil ◽  
Wolfgang Skorupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Liquid Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

Thin 3C-SiC films epitaxially grown on Si-substrate are substantially improved by the FLASIC process, which involves irradiation with flash lamps with pulse duration of 20ms. The disadvantages of the standard FLASIC process are the undulations introduced in the SiC film due to melting of the Si-substrate and the Si mass transport near the SiC/Si interface during the flash. An improved structure was realised in order to minimize the undulations of the SiC, improving also the quality of the film. This structure involves the deposition of a silicon overlayer (SOL) on the initial SiC layer, followed by an additional SiC capping layer acting as a source for SiC transfer by liquid phase epitaxy to the lower SiC layer. Significant mass SiC transport from the upper to the lower SiC layer through the SOL occurs during the flash. The new structure is characterized as inverse - FLASiC. The structural characteristics of the new structure were studied by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.

A Novel Approach for Batch Fabrication of Bifunctional AFM-SECM Probes

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heungjoo Shin ◽  
Peter J. Hesketh ◽  
Christine Kranz ◽  
Douglas A. Rudolph ◽  
Boris Mizaikoff
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Ring Electrode ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Batch Fabrication ◽  
Fabrication Procedure ◽  
High Processing

This paper presents a novel batch fabrication process for manufacturing bifunctional Scanning Electrochemical-Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM-SECM) probes with a recessed integrated ring electrode. The presented tip fabrication procedure enables the integration of a micro ring electrode at a precisely defined distance above the apex of the AFM tip. The electroactive area integrated into a scanning probe tip allows obtaining electrochemical data independently and separated from the topographical image. The tip fabrication is based upon batch processing, which provides bifunctional scanning probe tips on a wafer scale at low cost with high processing reproducibility and uniformity. Electrochemical characterization of an AFM tip-integrated ring electrode and combined electrochemical and topographical imaging using the bifunctional probe are demonstrated in this study.

FABRICATION AND OPTICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF n+-ZnO/i-ZnO AND n+-ZnO/ZnSe BILAYERS USED AS OPTICAL WINDOWS IN SOLAR CELLS

2002 ◽  
Vol 09 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1617-1621
Author(s):  
C. CALDERÓN ◽  
H. INFANTE ◽  
G. GORDILLO
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Spectral Transmittance ◽  
Optical Window ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

This work presents results concerning the development of n +- ZnO/i-ZnO and n +- ZnO/ZnSe bilayer structures with adequate properties to be used as optical windows in solar cells based on CuInSe 2 thin films. The optical and morphological properties of each of the layers constituting the bilayer structures were studied through spectral transmittance and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The studies revealed that windows of this type allow a significant increase of the spectral range of absorbed radiation by the solar cell in comparison with those using ZnO/CdS as optical window.

Electrochemical Preparation of Magnetic Nanowires

2009 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Kalska Szostko ◽  
Ewa Brancewicz ◽  
Wojciech Olszewski ◽  
Krzysztof Szymański ◽  
Anna Sidor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constant Current ◽  
Magnetic Nanowires ◽  
Magnetization Direction ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Anodic Alumina Oxide ◽  
Alumina Oxide

Electrochemistry is a method, which can be used for creation of nanomaterials. This method has big advantage such as no restriction for shape and size of the sample and do not need to involve expensive equipment for the sample preparation. In the paper the preparation of Fe nanowires as well as Co and Ni are presented. The diameter and length of obtained nanowires can be tuned by properties of the template porous material and time of deposition, respectively. The quality of the nanowires depends also from deposition mode (AC - alternating current or DC - constant current) and pH of the solution. The anodization conducted in oxalic acid allows us to obtain anodic alumina oxide (AAO) with the smallest pore diameter of about 40 nm. Usage of phosphoric acid results in largest pores with diameter around 120 nm. The deposited material inside the pores has diameter of the templates. The length can be as large as the thickness of the oxide and reach up to around 1 μm. The wires shows magnetization direction along main axis. The morphology of wires were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The magnetic characterization of the structures was done by magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy.

AFM Characterization of the Nanoparticles Arrangement by Electrophoretic Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
J.A. Escribano ◽  
Isabel Gonzalo-Juan ◽  
Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia ◽  
Begoña Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Yttria Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

In this study, coatings with irregular nanotopography prepared by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in electro-polished surfaces are characterized. Films are composed by Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) particles, 5-8 nm in size and spherical morphology, synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and re-dispersed in the post reaction medium. Growth behaviour of coatings with time, including array morphology, aggregation origin and activity, are explored by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and its different measurement modes. Arrangement of electrically driven particles at the nanoscale can be assessed through the topographic description of films prepared with increasing deposition times. Moreover, topography can be associated to the electrokinetic behaviour of particles and agglomeration degree of the suspension. The evaluation of particle junctions and then the quality of particle cohesion within the film can also be discerned by AFM characterization.

Rapid, Refined, and Robust Method for Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Amyloid-beta M1-42

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Prakash ◽  
Travis Lantz ◽  
Krupal P. Jethava ◽  
Gaurav Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Time

Amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients primarily consists of amyloid beta 1-42 (Ab42). Commercially, Ab42 is synthetized using peptide synthesizers. We describe a robust methodology for expression of recombinant human Ab(M1-42) in Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)pLysS competent E. coli with refined and rapid analytical purification techniques. The peptide is isolated and purified from the transformed cells using an optimized set-up for reverse-phase HPLC protocol, using commonly available C18 columns, yielding high amounts of peptide (~15-20 mg per 1 L culture) in a short time. The recombinant Ab(M1-42) forms characteristic aggregates similar to synthetic Ab42 aggregates as verified by western blots and atomic force microscopy to warrant future biological use. Our rapid, refined, and robust technique to purify human Ab(M1-42) can be used to synthesize chemical probes for several downstream in vitro and in vivo assays to facilitate AD research.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide with cuprous oxide film under UV-vis irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Jianqing Feng ◽  
Lihua Jin ◽  
Chengshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photocatalytic Reduction ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Reduction Effect

AbstractWe have grown Cu2O films by different routes including self-oxidation and metal-organic deposition (MOD). The reduction efficiency of Cu2O films on graphene oxide (GO) synthesized by modified Hummer’s method has been studied. Surface morphology and chemical state of as-prepared Cu2O film and GO sheets reduced at different conditions have also been investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results show that self-oxidation Cu2O film is more effective on phtocatalytic reduction of GO than MOD-Cu2O film. Moreover, reduction effect of self-oxidation Cu2O film to GO is comparable to that of environmental-friendly reducing agent of vitamin C. The present results offer a potentially eco-friendly and low-cost approach for the manufacture of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by photocatalytic reduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document