Relating ionization quenching in organic plastic scintillators to basic material properties by modelling excitation density transport and amorphous track structure during proton irradiation

Radiation crosslinking of polyamidu 6 (PA 6) is a well-recognized modification of improving basic material characteristics. Radiation, which penetrated through specimens and reacted with the cross-linking agent, gradually formed cross-linking (3D net), first in the surface layer and then in the total volume, which resulted in considerable changes in specimen behaviour. This research paper deals with the possible utilization of irradiated PA6. The material already contained a special cross-linking agent TAIC (5 volume %), which should enable subsequent cross-linking by ionizing β – radiation (15, 30 and 45 kGy). The effect of the irradiation on mechanical behavior of the tested PA 6 was investigated. Material properties created by β – radiation are measured by nanoindentation test using the DSI method (Depth Sensing Indentation). Hardness increased with increasing dose of irradiation at everything samples; however results of nanoindentation test shows increasing in nanomechanical properties of surface layer. The highest values of nanomechanical properties were reached radiation dose of 45 kGy, when the nanomechanical values increased by about 95%. These results indicate advantage cross-linking of the improved mechanical properties.

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Photocatalytic and Self-cleaning Properties of Titania Coatings Prepared by Inkjet Direct Patterning of a Reverse Micelles Sol-gel Composition

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies ◽

10.1515/jaots-2012-0110 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Petr Dzik ◽

Magdalena Morozová ◽

Petr Klusoň ◽

Michal Veselý

Keyword(s):

Material Properties ◽

Reverse Micelles ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Basic Material ◽

Fatty Acid Degradation ◽

Direct Patterning ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Titania Coatings ◽

Gel Composition

AbstractAn optimized reverse micelles sol-gel composition was deposited by inkjet direct patterning onto glass supports. Experimental “material printer” Fujifilm Dimatix 2831 was used for sol patterning. Printing was repeated up to 4 times in wet-to-dry manner and photocatalytic coatings of various thickness were obtained after final thermal calcination. Basic material properties of prepared coating were studied by optical microscopy, electron and atomic force imaging, Raman, XRD and UV-VIS spectrometry. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by dye and fatty acid degradation rate as well as photoinduced hydrophilic conversion rate. Reverse micelles proved to be viable synthetic route for the preparation of titania coatings with even structure and their compatibility with inkjet direct patterning deposition was demonstrated.

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ORGANIC PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS

The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting ◽

10.1016/b978-0-08-010472-0.50014-8 ◽

1964 ◽

pp. 321-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.B. BIRKS

Keyword(s):

Organic Plastic ◽

Plastic Scintillators

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Reliability-Based Criteria for the Decision of the Compensation of Corroded Flexural Reinforcement

Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering - Handbook of Research on Advanced Computational Techniques for Simulation-Based Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-9479-8.ch014 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 364-380

Author(s):

Ashraf Ragab Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Carrying Capacity ◽

Material Properties ◽

Reliability Index ◽

Basic Material ◽

Uniform Corrosion ◽

Step Procedure ◽

Load Carrying ◽

Flexural Reinforcement ◽

Current Loading

Corrosion of reinforcement is considered as the major cause of most deteriorated concrete structures. As reinforcement corrodes, the load carrying capacity is affected and hence, the probability of failure increases. At the time of inspection of deteriorated structures, engineers are faced with the problem whether the available steel is enough to secure the safety of the structural member. This chapter addresses this problem based on reliability-based approach to evaluate the safety of the deteriorated members due to uniform corrosion under bending. A methodology is proposed to facilitate the determination of the member reliability index based on basic material properties and current loading. A step-by-step procedure is proposed based on charts developed in this study according to the Egyptian code provisions.

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Overview of vibroacoustic isolators used in railway tracks

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201821905001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 219 ◽

pp. 05001

Author(s):

Cezary Kraśkiewicz ◽

Wojciech Oleksiewicz ◽

Monika Płudowska-Zagrajek ◽

Cezary Lipko

Keyword(s):

Structure Type ◽

Basic Material ◽

Track Structure ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Railway Traffic ◽

Railway Tracks ◽

Ballastless Track ◽

Rail Vehicles ◽

Material Characteristics ◽

Track System

The paper presents an overview of vibroacoustic isolators used in railway tracks to reduce negative effects from railway traffic. These include single components or their assemblies, with different material characteristics and location in the track structure due to track structure type (ballasted or ballastless track system). The reduction of negative effects relates mainly to the reduction of vibration and structure-borne noise. The practical solutions for railway structures include various components that perform different functions at the same time: vibroacoustic isolation and mechanical function to ensure safe and durable use of rail track (i.e. rail fastening systems, rail supporting structures). The main goals of this paper are systematization and description of basic material characteristics of vibroacoustic isolators applied sufficiently close to the place of vibration generation during the movement of rail vehicles.

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Influence of Mechanical Stress at High Temperatures on the Properties of Steels Intended for the Manufacture of Fuel Cladding for Generation IV Reactors

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.270.246 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 270 ◽

pp. 246-252

Author(s):

Zbyněk Špirit ◽

Michal Chocholoušek ◽

Marek Šíma

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Stress ◽

Material Properties ◽

Fracture Mechanism ◽

Nuclear Reactors ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Basic Material ◽

Oxide Dispersion ◽

Fuel Cladding ◽

Thin Walled ◽

Miniature Specimens

This paper describes the testing of thin-walled tubes made of oxide dispersion-hardened steels based on yttrium oxides. Series of mechanical and metallographic tests were carried out on the steels to evaluate the basic material properties. These steels are the candidate materials for the manufacture of the fuel cladding for generation IV nuclear reactors. Mechanical tests were performed on miniature specimens of Fe-9Cr and Fe-14Cr steels at 20 °C, 500 °C, and 625 °C under vacuum. Metallographic, fractographic and EBSD analyses were used to describe microstructure and fracture mechanism of the tested materials.

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[P288] Use of organic plastic scintillators for determination of the beam quality correction factor for flattening filter free photon beams

Physica Medica ◽

10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.563 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Grichar V. Santurio ◽

Claus E. Andersen

Keyword(s):

Correction Factor ◽

Beam Quality ◽

Photon Beams ◽

Organic Plastic ◽

Flattening Filter Free ◽

Flattening Filter ◽

Plastic Scintillators ◽

Beam Quality Correction Factor

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Material Properties and Flaw Characteristics of Vintage Girth Welds

Volume 3: Operations, Monitoring, and Maintenance; Materials and Joining ◽

10.1115/ipc2020-9658 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dan Jia ◽

Yong-Yi Wang ◽

Steve Rapp

Keyword(s):

Tensile Properties ◽

Material Property ◽

Material Properties ◽

Weld Strength ◽

Basic Material ◽

Essential Information ◽

Integrity Assessment ◽

Property Data ◽

Girth Welds ◽

Material Property Data

Abstract Vintage pipelines, which in the context of this paper refer to pipelines built before approximately 1970, account for a large portion of the energy pipeline systems in North America. Integrity assessment of these pipelines can sometimes present challenges due to incomplete records and lack of material property data. When material properties for the welds of interest are not available, conservative estimates based on past experience are typically used for the unknown material property values. Such estimates can be overly conservative, potentially leading to unnecessary remedial actions. This paper is a summary of PRCI-funded work aimed at characterizing material properties and flaw characteristics of vintage girth welds. The data obtained in this work can be utilized to understand and predict the behavior of vintage pipelines, which is covered in a companion paper [1]. The material property data generated in this work include (i) pipe base metal tensile properties in both the hoop (transverse) and the longitudinal (axial) directions, (ii) deposited weld metal tensile properties, (iii) macrohardness traverses, (iv) microhardness maps, and (v) Charpy impact transition curves of specimens with notches in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld centerline (WCL). These data provide essential information for tensile strength, strength mismatch, and impact toughness. In addition to the basic material property data, instrumented cross-weld tensile (ICWT) tests were conducted on CWT specimens with no flaws, natural flaws, and artificially machined planar flaws. The ICWT tests provide an indication of the welds’ stress and strain capacity without and with flaws. For welds with even-matching or over-matching weld strengths, the CWT specimens usually failed outside of the weld region, even for specimens with natural flaws reported by non-destructive examination. Having over-matching weld strength can compensate for the negative impact of weld flaws. All tested girth welds were inspected using radiography and/or phased array ultrasonic testing. The inspection results are compared with the flaws exposed through destructive testing. The ability of these inspection methods to detect and size flaws in vintage girth welds is evaluated.

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