scholarly journals Updated detection prospects for relic neutrinos using coherent scattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
pp. 052
Author(s):  
Jack D. Shergold
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Test Mass ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Neutrino Momentum

Abstract We review the existing proposals to detect relic neutrinos using the coherent scattering of a neutrino wind on a test mass. By considering the transformation of the neutrino momentum between reference frames, we demonstrate that the induced acceleration scales with the square of the neutrino mass for unclustered neutrinos, contrary to the existing literature. In addition, we show that there is a large contribution to this effect from coherent neutrino-electron scattering, which can exceed the neutrino-nucleus component by nearly an order of magnitude. Unfortunately, we find that even with this enhancement there are no existing experiments or proposals capable of detecting relic neutrinos using this method.

scholarly journals Apport des Observations d’Occultations Stellaires en vue du Rattachement du Systeme Dynamique au Systeme Geometrique

1980 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
M. Froeschlé ◽  
C. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frames ◽  
Système Dynamique ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractThe possibilities of tying the geometrical and dynamical reference frames by use of lunar occultations are reviewed. Actually, the best accuracy available is about 0”.4, essentially limited by stellar positions and limb corrections. One can expect an improvement of one order of magnitude with the accomplishment of POLO and HIPPARCOS Projects.

High Rayleigh number thermal convection in a shallow laterally heated cavity

1993 ◽  
Vol 440 (1909) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Rayleigh Number ◽  
Hadley Circulation ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
The Core ◽  
Vertical Boundary ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
End Wall ◽  
Lateral Heat

The flow near the end of a shallow laterally heated cavity enters a nonlinear convective régime when the Rayleigh number R , based on cavity height, is of the same order of magnitude as the aspect ratio L (length/height). In the present work the asymptotic structure of the flow that develops in the limit as is R/L →∞ considered for the case where the horizontal surfaces of the cavity are thermally insulated. A model is discussed in which the formation of a vertical boundary layer on the end wall involves an unexpectedly large contribution to the local ambient temperature field. Expulsion of fluid from the base of the layer, and its subsequent return to the core through a horizontal boundary layer, maintains the necessary lateral heat transfer in the cavity. Implications of the model for the flow throughout the cavity are also discussed. The evolution of the end-zones leads to a change in the amplitude of the main Hadley circulation when R = O ( L 12/7 ). Various properties of the solution for this new régime are determined, including the Nusselt number for the lateral heat transfer, which is found to be proportional to L 3/7 . A comparison is made with both numerical and experimental results.

scholarly journals An accurate parameterization for scattering factors, electron densities and electrostatic potentials for neutral atoms that obey all physical constraints

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lobato ◽  
D. Van Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Neutral Atoms ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Scattering Factor ◽  
Relativistic Hydrogen ◽  
Better Than

An efficient procedure and computer program are outlined for fitting numerical X-ray and electron scattering factors with the correct inclusion of all physical constraints. The numerical electron scattering factors have been parameterized using five analytic non-relativistic hydrogen electron scattering factors as basis functions for 103 neutral atoms of the periodic table. The inclusion of the correct physical constraints in the electron scattering factor and its derived quantities allows the use of the new parameterization in different fields. In terms of quality of the fit, the proposed parameterization of the electron scattering factor is one order of magnitude better than the previous analytic fittings.

Reference frames in astrometry

1988 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt ◽  
K. J. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Optical Wavelengths ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Magnitude Increase ◽  
Fundamental Reference ◽  
Made In

Present and near future advances in astrometry at radio and optical wavelengths will allow at least an order of magnitude increase in the precision with which fundamental reference frames are defined compared with those available ten years ago. A brief review is given of the present status of fundamental celestial reference frames with a view towards defining the problems encountered in establishing a fundamental reference frame and methods of linking these reference frames. An estimate is made of the progress to be made in reference frames over the next ten years.

Influence of the Thermal Stabilization Conditions on the Structural Transformation of the Polyacrylonitrile Fiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Alfiya G. Fazlitdinova ◽  
Vasilii A. Tyumentsev
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Load ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Fiber Axis ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
Dispersion Phase ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Oriented Parallel

It was shown that the structure of crystalline component of polyacrylonitrile fiber is represented by two types of coherent scattering domains, whose average sizes differ by an order of magnitude. At the initial stage of thermal stabilization the structure of a polyacrylonitrile fiber is improved: the sizes of coherent scattering domains oriented parallel to the fiber axis grow most actively. An increase in the tensile load improves the texture of the material. Increasing the temperature of thermal stabilization, as well as the tensile load onto the bundle causes a significant reduction in the time during which the process of dispersion of precursor material develops and formation of a new high dispersion phase of thermostabilized fiber.

scholarly journals Celestial Reference Frames: Definitions and Accuracies

1988 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
E M Standish
Keyword(s):  
Radio Source ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Magnitude Improvement

The determination of a specific catalogue or ephemeris reference frame is a highly over-determined problem, depending on the particular selection of which coordinates, which objects and at what time(s) the determination is made. The consistency which various determinations exhibit is dependent upon the accuracy of the catalogue or ephemeris itself. This paper discusses the accuracies of the three most prominent celestial reference frames: stellar catalogues, the lunar and planetary ephemerides and the radio source catalogues.The FK4 stellar catalogue contains known systematic errors amounting to a few tenths of an arcsecond; the FK5 will yield nearly an order of magnitude improvement; HIPPARCOS and Space Telescope expectby the mid 1990's optical interferometry should approachwithin a couple of years, tens of micro(!)arcseconds after a couple of decades. Present-day lunar and planetary ephemerides have accuracies at the level offor the moon and inner four planets;for the outer planets. Further observational data will permit continued improvement. Radio source catalogues now show internal consistency of

scholarly journals Sensitivity of a Liquid Xenon Detector to Neutrino–Nucleus Coherent Scattering and Neutrino Magnetic Moment from Reactor Neutrinos

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Kaixuan Ni ◽  
Jianyang Qi ◽  
Evan Shockley ◽  
Yuehuan Wei
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Liquid Xenon ◽  
Background Rate ◽  
Neutrino Magnetic Moment ◽  
Energy Excess ◽  
Nucleus Scattering ◽  
Electronic Recoil

Liquid xenon is one of the leading targets to search for dark matter via its elastic scattering on nuclei or electrons. Due to their low-threshold and low-background capabilities, liquid xenon detectors can also detect coherent elastic neutrino–nucleus scattering (CEνNS) or neutrino–electron scattering. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of a compact and movable liquid xenon detector with an active target mass of O(10∼100) kg and single-electron sensitivity to detect CEνNS from anti-neutrinos from a nuclear reactor. Assuming a single- and few-electron background rate at the level achieved by the XENON10/100 experiments, we expect a 5-σ detection of CEνNS with less than 400 kg-days of exposure. We further investigate the sensitivity of such a detector to neutrino magnetic moment with neutrino electron scattering. If an electronic recoil background rate of 0.01∼0.1 events/keV/kg/day above 1 keV can be achieved with adequate shielding, a liquid xenon detector can reach a neutrino magnetic moment sensitivity of 10−11μB, which would improve upon the current most-constraining laboratory limits from the GEMMA and Borexino experiments. Additionally, such a detector would be able to probe the region compatible with a magnetic moment interpretation of the low-energy excess electronic recoil events recently reported by XENON1T.

scholarly journals Overview of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO)

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1460300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
South China ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Neutrino Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Reactor Antineutrino ◽  
Central Detector ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Technical Challenges

The medium baseline reactor antineutrino experiment, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is being planned to be built at Jiangmen in South China, can determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and improve the precision of three oscillation parameters by one order of magnitude. The sensitivity potential on these measurements is reviewed and design concepts of the central detector are illustrated. Finally, we emphasize on the technical challenges we meet and the corresponding R&D efforts.

DIRECT NEUTRINO MASS MEASUREMENTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1875-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN WEINHEIMER
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Electron Energy Spectrum ◽  
Neutrino Experiment ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Filter Type ◽  
Absolute Neutrino Mass

The discovery by many different experiments of the flavour oscillation of neutrinos from different sources proved clearly that neutrinos have non-vanishing masses in contrast to their current description within the Standard Model of particle physics. However, the neutrino mass scale, which is – in addition to particle physics – very important for cosmology and astrophysics, cannot be resolved by oscillation experiments. Although there are a few ways to determine the absolute neutrino mass scale, the only model-independent method is the investigation of the electron energy spectrum of a β decay near its endpoint. The tritium β decay experiments at Mainz and Troitsk using tritium have recently been finished and have given upper limits on the neutrino mass scale of about 2 eV/c2. The bolometric experiments using 187 Re have finished the first round of prototype experiments yielding a sensitivity on the neutrino mass of 15 eV/c2. The new Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment (KATRIN) will enhance the sensitivity on the neutrino mass by an ultra-precise measurement of the tritium β decay spectrum by another order of magnitude down to 0.2 eV/c2 by using a very strong windowless gaseous molecular tritium source and a huge ultra-high resolution electrostatic spectrometer of MAC-E-Filter type. The recent achievements in test experiments show, that this very challenging experiment is feasible.

scholarly journals A Light Mediator Relating Neutrino Reactions

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Ibragim Alikhanov ◽  
Emmanuel Paschos
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Vector Boson ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Neutrino Interactions ◽  
R Factor ◽  
Light Vector ◽  
The Standard Model

The extension of the standard model with a multiplicative U(1)R factor is consistent with a light vector boson. In its simplest realization, only right-handed particles carry charges of the new group. In this model, there is a residual τ3R symmetry and one new coupling constant which correlates neutrino interactions. We compute new contributions to antineutrino–electron scattering and coherent scattering on nuclei, and compare them with the XENON1T result.

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