scholarly journals Eliciting a mathematical model from the traffic safety index to estimate the number of road traffic accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 1895 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
Sahar S. Neham
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Index

scholarly journals Problems of road traffic injuries and road traffic safety in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
S. S. Aleksanin ◽  
S. V. Shport
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
The Russian Federation

Relevance. The paper is devoted to problems of ensuring road traffic safety in Russia, which is the public task of great importance involving the implementation of the policy for protecting people's health, life, and property.Intention. To look for ways of optimizing and implementing the measures aimed at preventing the technogenic emergencies.Methodology. To analyze the indicators of road traffic accidents in the Russian Federation over five years as well as the federal laws in the field of road traffic safety.Results and Discussion. Risk factors of traffic accidents include: alcohol intoxication, speed limit exceeded, overtaking in the wrong place, driver talking, smoking while driving, driver fatigue. In the Russian Federation, there is a persistent downward trend in the number of accidents. In 2019, 164,358 traffic accidents (-2.2 %; all comparisons vs 2018) occurred, 16,981 (-6.8 %) persons died, 210,877 (-1.9 %) persons were injured. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the number of accidents due violation of the Road Rules by drivers was 146,688 (-1 %); 14,420 (-5.7 %) persons died and 195,037 (-0.8 %) persons were injured. In 2019, road traffic accidents caused by drunk drivers tended to decrease (12,040; -3.5 %); 11,510 (-4 %) persons died and 160,725 (-0.4 %) persons were injured.Conclusion. Drivers' health is directly related to road traffic safety; health promotion would contribute to decreasing the number of road traffic accidents and traffic-related injuries.

scholarly journals Forensic and pharmaceutical research on the impact of drugs on the safety, life and health of road users within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology, pharmaceutical and medical law in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
V.V. Shapovalov (Jr.) ◽  
V.A. Shapovalova ◽  
V.V. Shapovalov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Drug Technology ◽  
The Impact

Background. Around the world, drug-related road traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of injury and death among road users. Traffic safety is a system that includes the following components: a person – a person's health condition – the use of dangerous drugs of different classification and legal groups – adverse drug reactions – a vehicle – a road. The share of road traffic accidents under the influence of drugs is more than 75 %, they are also the most socially dangerous, because they have grave consequences, cause irreparable harm to the health and death of the victims. The purpose of the study was to analyze the achievements of forensic and pharmaceutical researches in Ukraine on the impact of drugs on the safety, life and health of road users within the framework of the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology, pharmaceutical and medical law in a retrospective aspect. Materials and methods. The materials of the imperative research were legislative, regulatory and legal documents; materials of the formation of the scientific school of forensic pharmacy; scientific publications on the topic of the article; Internet resources, sources of scientific literature. To achieve the set goals, the methods of forensic and pharmaceutical, regulatory, documentary, bibliographic, comparative, historical and graphic analysis were used. Results. The experience of the countries of the world in the prophylaxis and prevention of road traffic accidents under the influence of drugs was analyzed. The causes and conditions for the occurrence and consequences of road traffic accidents are multifactorial in nature and are associated with the victims (driver - pedestrian), vehicle, road conditions, and the use of psychoactive drugs. A system of organizational, regulatory and preventive measures has been developed to provide first medical aid to victims of a road traffic accident. Shown that there is a need for scientifically grounded organizational and legal, clinical and pharmacological, forensic pharmaceutical and socio-economic studies on causal relationships between adverse reactions due to the use of drugs of various classification and legal groups, traffic safety and road traffic accidents. For the first time in Ukraine, a mathematical model was proposed to establish the effect of psychoactive drugs on the driver's condition when driving a vehicle, depending on the calculation of the stopping path of the car in accordance with the selected speed and a decrease in the driver's response. The structure of road traffic accidents under the influence of psychoactive drugs has been investigated. Conclusions. A classification of first-aid kits for providing first medical aid to victims of road traffic accidents was proposed, which made it possible to substantiate the need to improve them both in qualitative and quantitative composition, depending on the type of vehicle and the likelihood of an accident with serious consequences. Recommendations were proposed for providing information on the possibility of obtaining medical care and the signal-calling system on the roads, marking the packages of psychoactive drugs with a special mark in the form of a red triangle. The need for further forensic pharmaceutical research has been proven.

scholarly journals MODELING OF THE MECHANISM OF VEHICLE OVERTURNING IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
S. Povalyaev ◽  
O. Saraiev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Critical Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

The development of mathematical models of vehicle overturning has been given significant attention by many researchers because of the need to obtain reliable information on the circumstances of road traffic accidents. Research of road traffic accidents with the overturning of vehicles is related with the difficulty to determinate the mechanism of overturning, because expert calculation methods do not always use the adapted mathematical models. Most of the methods focus on determining the minimum (critical) speed of vehicles, which leads to its overturning. However, the real speed of vehicles before overturning can be much higher. In this paper, a mathematical model of the process of vehicle overturning after a collision with an immovable lateral obstacle is given. Thus the overturning moment caused by the inertia forces acts on the vehicle, and the moment from the gravity that holds the vehicle from overturning. It is necessary to mark that the shoulder of moment from gravity changes from a maximal value to 0 in the process of vehicle overturning. The mathematical model is based on the basic equation of dynamics for rotational motion. The developed mathematical model is a nonlinear homogeneous differential equation of second order. A solution of this equation is obtained that allows us to determine the conditions for the vehicles overturning and to investigate the basic parameters of the movement of vehicles in the process of overturning from the moment when the center of mass of the vehicle begins to rise until the moment of its maximum lifting. A comparison of the results of calculating the critical speed of vehicles with results obtained on the basis of the law of energy conservation was carried out. The results are fully agreed. The numerical results obtained using a mathematical model for a particular vehicle have been analyzed.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

scholarly journals Study on risk factors of road traffic accident victims attending a tertiary care hospital at Tirupati

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1708
Author(s):  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Ashok Kumar Reddy K. ◽  
Ravi Prabhu G.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Disorders

Background: Road traffic accidents stand as one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity across the globe. Increase in the number of motor vehicles, poor enforcement of traffic safety regulations, inadequacy of health infrastructure, and poor transport facilities makes the situation still worse. The objective of the study is to know the role of victims and various risk factors related to RTA. To determine the association of risk factors with type of injury and to know the pre-existing medical disorders in RTA victims.Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional study with victims of road traffic accidents admitted in S.V.R.R. Government General Hospital, Tirupati, as study subjects was done during June 2013 to May 2014 for one year where 820 victims of road traffic accidents were interviewed after taking prior consent using a predesigned questionnaire.Results: Most of the victims were drivers (48.5%) followed by passengers (31.7%) and pedestrian (19.8%). No two wheeler driver was wearing helmet. 74% of the four wheeler occupants were not using seat belts. Among drivers and pedestrians, 29.2% were under the influence of alcohol and 12.7% were listening to music. 55.8% of the passengers felt that their vehicle was going with over speed. 17.1% & 11.0% of the participants had history of hypertension and diabetes.Conclusions: There is a need to develop integrated surveillance system to identify the road traffic injury burden and the causal/risk factors. Enforcement of stringent road traffic laws to bring down the burden of road traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Mathematical model of road traffic accident development using the system analysis theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Alexander Gusev ◽  
◽  
Innesa Rutkovskaya ◽  
Alla Gerasimenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analysis Theory

The article describes the principles and algorithms for creating a mathematical model of the road traffic accidents on the highway section using system analysis theory and queuing system theory.

scholarly journals Analysis of Placement Conditions on Roads and Characteristics of Railway Crossings in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
D. V. Kapskiy ◽  
E. N. Kot ◽  
S. V. Bogdanovich ◽  
A. G. Rybinskiy ◽  
K. Ibrayev
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Research

Road traffic accidents of vehicles with a rolling stock of railways lead to the most serious consequences. Many level crossings are places of long delays of vehicles both before and after the traffic. In this case and in many others, the intersections of highways with railways sharply limit the capacity of the highway. Level crossings require the utmost attention of the traffic organization, since they must include not only devices for the movement of cars, but also pedestrian and sidings. Despite the fact that the problem of road traffic accidents at level crossings is not new, research and analysis of statistics in this area continues around the world. The paper considers the level crossings on the Republican highways of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research has been carried out on ways to improve traffic safety at such crossings. The situation at the level crossings of the roads of Republican significance, as well as possible restrictions and regulatory requirements, have been studied in the paper. The paper presents results of a detailed collection of data at the facilities, which will serve as the basis for the development of a detailed program for improving the regulatory and technical base of the road sector in Kazakhstan to improve the safety of  road transport infrastructure, taking into account existing standards. Recommendations are given for the implementation and generalization of advanced international experience in organizing road traffic at railway crossings, which will contribute to the adaptation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the development of transport and communications.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distribution Analysis of Traffic Accidents Using GIS-Based Data in Harbin

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Meina Wang ◽  
Jing Yi ◽  
Xirui Chen ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Tiangang Qiang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Accident Severity ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Density Analysis

Road traffic safety is a social issue of widespread concern. It is important for traffic managers to understand the distribution patterns of road traffic accidents. To this end, this study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of road traffic accidents from both accident frequency and accident severity perspectives. Road traffic accident data from 2016 to 2018 in Harbin, China, were used for the analysis. First, the spatial localization of accidents was completed using geocoding, and the localized accident data were classified by season. Then, density analysis was performed both with and without considering road network density. The results of the density analysis showed that when road network density was considered, accidents were mainly distributed in urban centers, while accidents were more dispersed when road network density was not considered. Third, a cluster analysis considering accident severity found that low-severity accident clusters occurred mostly in urban centers. High-severity accident clusters were mostly present in suburban areas. Finally, the results of these two methods are shown by using the comap technique. Areas of the city with a high frequency and severity of crashes in each season were identified. This study will help traffic management to have a more visual and intuitive understanding of the urban traffic safety situation and to take targeted measures to improve it accordingly.

Audit of road traffic safety on federal roads of Krasnoyarsk Territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Sergeevich Voevodin ◽  
◽  
Kristina Vyacheslavovna Baklanova ◽  
Nikolay Viktorovich Shadrin ◽  
Andrey Mikhaylovich Askhabov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
A Priority

The paper considers an assignment and an essence of audit of road traffic safety. As an example, the authors have determined a priority section on federal roads of Krasnoyarsk Territory for conducting the audit. On the basis of detailed analysis of road conditions that affect the risk of accidents appearance and research of road traffic accidents mechanism on that section the authors have developed measures on decreasing accident rate. Efficiency of the proposed measures are verified with the use of PC–Crash program for modeling and reconstruction of road traffic accidents.

Time Distribution and Analysis of Traffic Accident Fatalities

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 2308-2314
Author(s):  
Lv Wen Qu ◽  
Mei Wei Dai ◽  
Fu Jian Wang ◽  
Zhi Yuan Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
High Incidence

According to hourly statistical data of road traffic accidents death toll during 1999~2004 of Zhejiang province, we found the death toll concentration phenomenon which is called phenomenon of 17 to 20 o'clock. And we discussed causes of high incidence of traffic accidents during 17 to 20 o'clock and put forward the corresponding countermeasures to reduce traffic accidents, according to the distribution pattern of deaths gender, age, travel purpose during these hours. The results of this research provide the foundation for reinforcing the traffic safety education and management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document