scholarly journals Piezostack deformable mirror with high technological effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012190
Author(s):  
V V Toporovsky ◽  
A V Kudryashov ◽  
V V Samarkin ◽  
A A Panich ◽  
A I Sokallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Active Element ◽  
Deformable Mirror ◽  
Deformable Mirrors ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
Technological Effectiveness ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Resonant Frequency

Abstract Deformable mirror (DM) is an active element that can change the shape of the surface to compensate for wavefront aberrations. Historically, the development of DMs started from piezostack deformable mirrors (PDM) due to their large stroke, flexibility in actuators geometry, high resonant frequency. However, the cost of PDMs is comparatively high because of their labor-intensive process of manufacturing. In the article innovative design of PDM is presented. The assembling of unconventional PDMs was carried out using piezoceramic combs. This step should allow to decrease number of technological steps, increase spatial resolution of the mirror and thereby reduce the cost of final product.

Optimal actuator placement in adaptive optics systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 107754632110324
Author(s):  
Berk Altıner ◽  
Bilal Erol ◽  
Akın Delibaşı
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Disturbance Attenuation ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Placement Problem ◽  
Convex Optimization Problem ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Actuator Placement ◽  
Quadratic Cost Function

Adaptive optics systems are powerful tools that are implemented to degrade the effects of wavefront aberrations. In this article, the optimal actuator placement problem is addressed for the improvement of disturbance attenuation capability of adaptive optics systems due to the fact that actuator placement is directly related to the enhancement of system performance. For this purpose, the linear-quadratic cost function is chosen, so that optimized actuator layouts can be specialized according to the type of wavefront aberrations. It is then considered as a convex optimization problem, and the cost function is formulated for the disturbance attenuation case. The success of the presented method is demonstrated by simulation results.

scholarly journals Demonstration of an integrated nanophotonic chip-scale alkali vapor magnetometer using inverse design

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel Sebbag ◽  
Eliran Talker ◽  
Alex Naiman ◽  
Yefim Barash ◽  
Uriel Levy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Optical Isolation ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Micrometer Scale

AbstractRecently, there has been growing interest in the miniaturization and integration of atomic-based quantum technologies. In addition to the obvious advantages brought by such integration in facilitating mass production, reducing the footprint, and reducing the cost, the flexibility offered by on-chip integration enables the development of new concepts and capabilities. In particular, recent advanced techniques based on computer-assisted optimization algorithms enable the development of newly engineered photonic structures with unconventional functionalities. Taking this concept further, we hereby demonstrate the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of an integrated nanophotonic-atomic chip magnetometer based on alkali vapor with a micrometer-scale spatial resolution and a magnetic sensitivity of 700 pT/√Hz. The presented platform paves the way for future applications using integrated photonic–atomic chips, including high-spatial-resolution magnetometry, near-field vectorial imaging, magnetically induced switching, and optical isolation.

A New Design of Large Stroke Micro-Deformable Mirror Actuated by Electrostatic Repulsive Force

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangrong Hu ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Chuankai Qiu ◽  
Dajia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Bottom Electrode ◽  
Sacrificial Layer ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Repulsive Force ◽  
Deformable Mirror ◽  
Optical Aberrations ◽  
Out Of Plane

In this paper, a MEMS mirror actuated by an electrostatic repulsive force has been proposed and analyzed. The mirror consists of four U-shape springs, a fixed bottom electrode and a movable top electrode, there are many comb fingers on the edges of both electrodes. When the voltage is applied to the top and bottom electrodes, an asymmetric electric field is generated to the top movable fingers and springs, thus a net electrostatic force is produced to move the top plate out of plane. This designed micro-mirror is different from conventional MDM based on electrostatic-attractive-force, which is restricted by one-third thickness of the sacrificial layer for the pull-in phenomenon. The characteristic of this MDM has been analyzed, the result shows that the resonant frequency of the first mode is 8 kHz, and the stroke reaches 10μm at 200V, a MDM with large strokes can be realized for the application of adaptive optics in optical aberrations correction.

Optimisation Studies for an Efficient Aerodynamic Configuration of a Blended Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Padmanabhan ◽  
G. Santhoshkumar ◽  
Praveen Narayan ◽  
N. Jeevaraj ◽  
M. Dinesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Aerodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Long Endurance

There are various configurations and parameters that contribute to the Design of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for specific applications. This paper deals with an innovative design of an unmanned aerial vehicle for a specified class of UAVs that require demands such as long endurance, minimized landing space with vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capabilities. The focal point of this design is superimposing the high endurance blended wing design into tri-copter to address these parameters. The preliminary calculations are initially performed for the blended wing VTOL vehicle based on the required payload capacity and endurance. Superimposing the tri-copter will decrease the aerodynamic efficiency of the vehicle. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve complex problems involving fluid flow which will effectively employed to reduce the cost and time during the conceptual and preliminary design stages. CFD analysis was carried out to estimate the major parameters like lift, drag, lift coefficient (CL) and drag coefficient (CD) for various Angle of Attack (AoA) for configurations of blended wing vehicle with and without tri-copter system in the cruise condition. Thus, the vehicle design and propulsion system is effectively optimized using this drag estimation.

Present and Emerging Techniques for Materials Microanalysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Helms
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Good Spatial Resolution ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Significant Extension ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The Cost

AbstractAlthough classical materials characterization methods have existed for many years, modern microanalytical techniques had their start just over twenty years ago. In this paper, I will discuss some of the common techniques available today including AES, XPS, or ESCA, RBS, SIMS, and EDAX. A comparison of the key capabilities and limitations will be given including sensitivity, spatial resolution, quantitative analysis, nondestructive testing, chemical state determination, and analysis speed. It is clear that the reason each of these techniques still exists as commercial instrumentation is that each provides a unique set of capabilities, but also a unique set of limitations. To become viable in the materials analysis arena, a new technique must offer a significant extension of the capabilities already available but not at the cost of too severe a set of limitations. Examples would be the development of tools that offer both high sensitivity with accurate quantitative analysis, or good spatial resolution with high sensitivity, or minimal damage but good spatial resolution, etc. A number of papers in this volume will describe the details of these emerging technologies which provide advances in these areas; and I will attempt here to put a number of these new developments in perspective with regard to the more commonplace techniques available.

Design of a 6-DOF VCM-Driven Micro Stage

2014 ◽  
Vol 532 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Heon Jeong ◽  
Myeong Hyeon Kim ◽  
Si Woong Woo ◽  
Da Hoon Ahn ◽  
Dong Pyo Hong
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Gap Sensors ◽  
Moving Magnet ◽  
High Resonant Frequency

This paper presents design of micro stage performing 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) motions, which actuated by voice coil motor (VCM). The VCMs generate forces to perform in-plane motions and out-of-plane motions. The stage is supported by springs for compensating mass of the moving part of the stage and the stiffness of the springs has been chosen to meet the moving range requirement and to have high resonant frequency at the same time. Moving magnet type has been selected against moving coil type due to few merits of the type. The size of the stage is 380 X 380 X 60 mm3 and the motions are measured by laser interferometer and gap sensors.

scholarly journals Wide aperture piezoceramic deformable mirrors for aberration correction in high-power lasers

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Samarkin ◽  
Alexander Alexandrov ◽  
Gilles Borsoni ◽  
Takahisa Jitsuno ◽  
Pavel Romanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Wavefront Sensor ◽  
Deformable Mirror ◽  
Deformable Mirrors ◽  
Aberration Correction ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Fizeau Interferometer ◽  
High Power Lasers ◽  
Wide Aperture

The deformable mirror with the size of $410~\text{mm}\times 468~\text{mm}$ controlled by the bimorph piezoceramic plates and multilayer piezoceramic stacks was developed. The results of the measurements of the response functions of all the actuators and of the surface shape of the deformable mirror are presented in this paper. The study of the mirror with a Fizeau interferometer and a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor has shown that it was possible to improve the flatness of the surface down to a residual roughness of $0.033~{\rm\mu}\text{m}$ (RMS). The possibility of correction of the aberrations in high-power lasers was numerically demonstrated.

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