scholarly journals Comparative analysis of characteristics of liquid fuel combustion for various designs of oil-steam burners

2022 ◽  
Vol 2150 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
I S Anufriev ◽  
E P Kopyev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Exhaust Gases

Abstract The paper presents a comparative analysis of experimental data on combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in the presence of superheated steam in two designs of the developed burners. By the example of diesel fuel burnt in a spray burner it is shown that lower values of nitrogen oxide contents in the exhaust gases are achieved in comparison with an evaporative burner. At that, the content of carbon monoxide in some regimes is lower for the evaporative burner. The regimes with the minimum content of toxic combustion products are found for both designs of the burners.

scholarly journals Cleaner crude oil combustion during superheated steam atomization

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-209
Author(s):  
Igor Anufriev ◽  
Evgeny Kovyev ◽  
Segey Alekseenko ◽  
Oleg Sharypov ◽  
Evgenii Butakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Two Phase

Crude oil is an attractive fuel for energy production, since its use does not require additional processing costs. Existing technologies for burning liquid fuel do not always ensure the achievement of the modern ecological and energy performance when using highly viscous and substandard fuels. This relates to unstable ignition and combustion of such fuels in the combustion chamber, relatively fast coking of the burner surfaces, etc. The work deals with investigation of crude oil burning in a flow of superheated steam as a promising way to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and increase the completeness of fuel combustion. The experiments were carried out using an original burner where liquid fuel is sprayed due to interaction with a high-velocity flow of superheated steam. This method of spraying allows the creation of a highly dispersed two-phase flow and prevents nozzle chocking and coking when using substandard fuel and waste. At the same time, steam gasification of products of fuel thermal decomposition allows the reduction of toxic emissions, increasing carbon burnout. The regimes of crude oil burning in a modernized burner that provide high completeness of fuel combustion (~44 MJ/kg) with a low content of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the combustion products have been determined. The amount of these toxic components corresponds to class 1 of EN 267. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the investigated method of fuel spraying by a superheated steam jet for environmentally friendly crude oil burning, including this process in the low-power burners (~15 kW). Such devices can be used for the cleaner elimination of liquid hydrocarbon waste with the receipt of thermal energy.

OPTIMIZATION OF GAS-DIESEL ENGINE REGULATION AS A METHOD OF IMPROVING ITS ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
VALERIY L. CHUMAKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diesel Cycle

The paper shows some ways to improve the environmental characteristics of a diesel engine using gaseous hydrocarbon fuel and operating the engine in a gas-diesel cycle mode. Some possibilities to reduce toxic components of exhaust gases in a gas-diesel engine operating on liquefi ed propane-butane mixtures have been studied. Experiments carried out in a wide range of load from 10 to 100% and speed from 1400 to 2000 rpm showed that the gas-diesel engine provides a suffi ciently high level of diesel fuel replacement with gas hydrocarbon fuel. The authors indicate some eff ective ways to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases. The engine power should be adjusted by the simultaneous supply of fuel, gas and throttling the air charge in the intake manifold. This method enriches the fi rst combusting portions to reduce nitrogen oxides and maintains the depletion of the main charge within the fl ammability limits of the gas-air charge to reduce carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The authors found that when the engine operates in a gas-diesel cycle mode, the power change provides a decrease in nitrogen oxide emissions of gas-diesel fuel only due to gas supply in almost the entire load range as compared to the pure diesel. At high loads (more than 80%) stable engine operation is ensured up to 90% of diesel fuel replaced by gas. Even at 10% of diesel fuel used the concentration of nitrogen oxides decreases by at least 15…20% as compared with a diesel engine in the entire load range. However, there is an increased emission of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases. Further experimental studies have shown that optimization of the gas diesel regulation can reduce the mass emission of nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gases in 2…3 times and greatly reduce the emission of incomplete combustion products – carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

Experimental Investigation of Performance and Emission Parameters Changes on Diesel Engines Using Anisole Additive

2014 ◽  
Vol 490-491 ◽  
pp. 987-991
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kaan Baltacioğlu ◽  
Kadi̇r Aydin ◽  
Ergül Yaşar ◽  
Hüseyi̇n Turan Arat ◽  
Çağlar Conker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emission

In this study, effect of anisole additive into the diesel fuel on performance and emission parameters of diesel engines was investigated. Instead of structural changes which are more difficult and expensive, development of fuel technologies is preferred to provide reduction on exhaust gas emissions which are harmful to environment and human health. Therefore, in this experimental study, anisole was used as additive into diesel fuel with the volumetric ratio of 1,5%, 3% and 5%. The performance characteristics and exhaust emissions of a four cylinder, four stroke, naturally aspirated, water cooled, direct injection compression ignition engine fueled with modified fuels were analyzed. Engine was subjected constant speed, full load conditions during tests. Engine power, torque, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions were measured and results were evaluated. Changes in performance parameters were negligible for all ratios of modified fuels except specific fuel consumption. Finally, while carbon monoxide gas emissions were increased with anisole additive, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide gas emissions were decreased.

Modelling of Nitric Oxide Formation During Liquid Fuel Combustion

2016 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Stanisław Gil ◽  
Wojciech Bialik
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Oxide Formation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Formation ◽  
The Impact

A liquid fuel combustion process, being a source of many environmentally hazardous pollutants (e.g. nitric oxides, carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, soot and sulphur oxides), is a subject of extensive research aimed at reduction of their emissions. A high temperature of the combustion air tends to increase the content of NOX in exhaust gases. Based on the experimental data and literature as well as using the CFD tools, a model of light fuel oil combustion has been developed with an emphasis on nitric oxide formation. The model adequately reflects the impact of geometry changes in the flow of combustion substrates on concentrations of carbon monoxide and nitric oxides in the chamber. The quantitative results obtained are comparable to the experimental data.

scholarly journals RESEARCH AND ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY OF BAKERY ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Krusir ◽  
I. Kondratenko ◽  
A. Garkoviсh ◽  
T. Shpyrko ◽  
L. Lobotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Oxide Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Similar Range

The paper considers how to decrease the concentration of nitrogen oxides in gas emissions of bakery enterprises. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) formed in the course of burning natural gas  are responsible for more than 90% of an enterprise’s hazard category. So, it has been determined how much NOx is contained in exhaust gases emitted at different loadings on the floor of the oven at an enterprise,  this parameter being the main characteristic of the effectiveness  of ovens and their impact on the environment. The paper presents the results of experiments that have allowed determining the regression equations describing how the NOx quantity per unit of output in an enterprise’s exhaust gases depends on the amount of the fuel consumed and on the loading on the floor of baking ovens. The procedure of the experiments has been described, and the numerical results have been presented and analysed. It has been established that when making a loaf of wheat-flour oven-bottom bread weighing 0.9 kg,  with 70% loading on the floor of an oven (PPC1381), the nitrogen oxides concentration in combustion products is 212.00 μg/m3, and the specific NOx  formation is 292.25 μg/kg. The nitrogen oxides concentration is 152.00 μg/m3, and the specific formation is 306.00 μg/kg when the oven floor loading is 40%. If a similar range of products is baked in ovens Minel100 with the maximum-loaded and half-loaded oven floor, the production is accompanied by specific nitrogen oxide emissions of 239.50  μg/kg  and 247.80 μg/kg respectively. When enriched buns of 0.1 kg are baked in ovens BN50 with the maximum-loaded and half-loaded oven floor, the process   is   accompanied   by   specific   nitrogen   oxide   emissions of 209.20 μg/kg and 265.96 μg/kg respectively. The nitrogen oxides content in gases withdrawn from bakery ovens has been instrumentally measured. This has allowed obtaining regression equations of dependence of the specific NOx weight in gas emissions on the amount of fuel consumed and on the oven floor  loading. It  has been found that in the ovens considered, the nitrogen oxide formation per output unit decreased when the oven floor loading increased, because less fuel is needed to make up for the loss of heat accompanying the emission of fumes. The contributions of the argument parameters have been determined according to the regression model to estimate the quantitative dependence. The amount of nitrogen oxides depends on the oven floor loading. A mathematical model has been developed describing how nitrogen oxide formation depends on the oven floor loading and fuel consumption. The model can be used to introduce an industry standard of quantification of nitrogen oxides formed when manufacturing a unit of output.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBEBANAN ENGINE TERHADAP EMISI GAS BUANG DAN FUEL CONSUMPTION MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR DAN BIODIESEL B10 PADA ENGINE CUMMINS QSK 45 C

POROS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Puji Saksono ◽  
Pandu Prastiyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Heavy Equipment

Abstract: The fuels for Diesel engines derived from petroleum of its existence the longer depleting. Starting from this, the use of biodiesel as a successor is an alternative solution. Conversion of diesel fuel for Diesel engines of heavy equipment to the other types, one of them should pay attention to emissions- related environmental pollution and fuel consumption. This research was conducted with the aim to find out the influence of loading engine against exhaust emissions and fuel consumption using diesel fuel and biodiesel B10 on engine Cummins QSK 45 c. Testing performed in the PT. Saptaindra Sejati workshop (SIS) MIA 3, km. 84, Adaro, Tanjung Tabalong, South Kalimantan, while the primary uses test equipment namely dynamometer (dynotest) Taylor DS4010. The results of testing using biodiesel in diesel fuel compared with B10 imposition engine 0 - 100% decline in average levels of nitrogen oxide (NOx) of 88% (g/kW-hr); carbon monoxide (CO) of 88% (g/kW-hr); and hydrocarbons (HC) by 80% (g/kW-hr), while the fuel consumption experienced a decrease in 0 - 7.14%. 

scholarly journals Combustion of kerosene sprayed with a jet of superheated steam

2021 ◽  
Vol 2119 (1) ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
E P Kopyev ◽  
I S Anufriev ◽  
M A Mukhina ◽  
I S Sadkin
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Forced Air

Abstract In the present work, the effect of forced air supply on the combustion process of liquid hydrocarbons was studied using diesel fuel as an example. The content of the flame intermediate components and temperature distribution along the flame symmetry axis were studied using an atmospheric burner in which liquid fuel is atomized by a steam jet. The gas composition of equilibrium combustion products and heat release were also investigated. The influence of the excess air ratio in the combustion chamber of the burner device on the thermal and environmental characteristics was shown.

scholarly journals The study of the effect of forced air supply on the combustion of liquid fuel dispersed by superheated steam

2021 ◽  
Vol 2057 (1) ◽  
pp. 012127
Author(s):  
M A Mukhina ◽  
E P Kopyev ◽  
I S Anufriev
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Forced Air

Abstract In the present work, the effect of forced air supply on the combustion process of liquid hydrocarbons was studied using diesel fuel as an example. The content of intermediate components of the flame and the temperature distribution along the flame symmetry axis were studied using an atmospheric burner with liquid fuel atomizing by a steam jet. The gas composition of equilibrium combustion products and the heat release were investigated. The influence of the excess air ratio in the combustion chamber of the burner device on the thermal and environmental characteristics was shown.

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

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