scholarly journals Genetic variability and heritability on Kipas Putih soybean mutant lines using gamma rays irradiation (M3 generation)

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
Nilahayati ◽  
Rosmayati ◽  
D S Hanafiah ◽  
F Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Mutant Lines

Lethal Dose (LD50) Fixation and Sensitivity of Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecumL.) to Gamma Radiation for Induction of Mutation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANURADHA PATEL ◽  
POONAM VERMA ◽  
SHARDA CHOUDHARY ◽  
ARVIND KUMAR VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Small Flower ◽  
Dose Dependent

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecumL.) is an annual crop, mainly used as a spiceand leafy vegetable crop in many parts of the world. Classical breeding in fenugreek is restricted due to its low genetic variability and small flower size which hamper manual emasculation and pollination. Mutation breeding is an effective way to enrich genetic variability in crop plants. An experiment was conducted to determine the lethal dose of the physical mutagen gamma rays in fenugreek. The dry seeds of fenugreek were exposed to different doses of gamma rays i.e. 150Gy, 200Gy, 250Gy, 300Gy and 350Gy. These irradiated seeds were sown in the Petri plates with non-irradiated seeds (control). As the dose of gamma rays increased, there was a decrease in germination percentage, seedling survival, root length, shoot length and vigour index. Among five doses of gamma rays, the maximum seed germination was observed at lowest dose 150Gy (93%), followed by 200Gy (83%), 250Gy (76%), 300Gy (76%) and 350Gy (64%). The seedling survival was decreased from 90% (in control) to 56% in 350Gy dose of gamma rays. The gamma rays dose of 150Gy gave stimulatory effect on seedlings growth. The growth parameters were dose dependent, as the dose of gamma rays increased from 200Gy to 350Gy. The gamma rays dose of 350Gy showed 64% seeds germination and 56% of seedlings survival. Therefore, it is concluded that the LD50 dose for fenugreek is close to 350Gy. This information would be highly useful for initiating mutation breeding programme in fenugreek

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Studies in M5 Generations of Determinate Early Maturing Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] (MDU-1) Mutants for Yield and Yield Attributing Characters

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Suresh ◽  
M. Ananthan ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
P. Balasubramanian ◽  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Different Doses

Background: MDU-1 is a high yielding, indeterminate cluster bean variety. In order to develop determinate mutant with high yield, MDU-1 cluster bean variety was irradiated using gamma rays, electron beam and combination of gamma rays and EMS with different doses and the variability induced in M5 generations were studied. Methods: Twenty one best individual plants from M4 generation were selected based on plant height and higher yield and forwarded to M5 generation where they were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Fourteen non-segregating mutant lines with desirable traits were identified in M5 generation and were evaluated for variability along with the parent MDU1. Result: Five best mutant lines namely ACMC-020-04, ACMC-020-11, ACMC-020-08, ACMC-020-10 and ACMC-020-11 were selected from the 14 accessions based on per se performance and variability analysis. The selected mutants needs to be forwarded for stability testing in different environments.

scholarly journals Keragaman Mutan Wijen (Sesamum indicum L.) Berdasarkan Karakter Kualitatif; Diversity of Sesame Mutants (Sesamum indicum L.) Based on Qualitative Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vina Eka Aristya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Mutant Lines

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Sesamum indicum</em> L. adalah salah satu tanaman alternatif penghasil minyak nabati penting. Pendekatan pemuliaan melalui induksi mutasi berusaha untuk menghasilkan variabilitas baru populasi wijen, yang secara umum tersusun dari individu homozigot. Karakter morfologi berguna untuk mengidentifikasi galur dan memastikan hasil pemuliaan mutasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keragaman morfologi wijen hasil mutasi berdasarkan 26 karakter kualitatif. Penggalian informasi dengan metode analisis kelompok juga dikaji untuk menggambarkan variabilitas genetik pada 57 galur mutan wijen (jenis hitam dan putih) generasi M4 dan M5. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap: tahap pertama terdiri 18 galur generasi M4, dievaluasi pada Maret-Agustus 2015; tahap kedua terdiri atas 39 galur M5, ditanam pada November 2015 hingga April 2016. Pemeriksaan penampilan kualitatif mengikuti panduan <em>descriptor list</em> untuk wijen. Secara umum, penilaian representatif dari sifat kualitatif pada galur mutan wijen generasi M4 akan diikuti oleh keturunan generasi M5. Dendrogram dibangun untuk membedakan galur menjadi kelompok berdasarkan matriks tingkat kemiripan. Struktur populasi utama dari 57 galur berdasarkan sifat kualitatif dikategorikan dalam dua kelompok besar. Materi genotipe kelompok I diklasifikasikan menjadi dua sub-kelompok, terdiri 17 dan 31 galur. Sub-kelompok ini menjadi bagian distribusi genotipe terbesar. Kelompok II tersusun oleh 9 galur, mayoritas dari M4. Nilai korelasi antar karakter bervariasi antara 0,7176 hingga 1,0. Keragaman morfologi antar galur wijen dipengaruhi oleh sifat genetik dibandingkan faktor lingkungan. Studi ini membantu seleksi galur terpilih berdasarkan kestabilan fenotipe. Evaluasi keragaman struktur populasi wijen mutan bermanfaat untuk program pemuliaan.</p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Sesamum indicum</em> L. is one of the alternative crops that produces vegetative oil. The plant breeding approach through mutation induction could produce new genetic variability in sesame populations, which are generally composed of homozygous individuals. The study aims were to determine the diversity of sesame-mutant lines based on 26 qualitative characters. Cluster analysis method was carried out to describe the genetic variability of 57 sesame mutant lines (consist of black and white types) 4<sup>th</sup> (M4) and 5<sup>th</sup> generations (M5). The study was done in two phases, the first phases consisted of 18 M4 lines planted in March-August 2015; the second phase consisted 39 M5 lines planted in November 2015 to April 2016. Analyses of qualitative morphological characters followed the descriptors list for sesame. In general, a representative assessment of qualitative traits in M4 lines will be followed by the offspring of M5. Dendrogram showed that the 57 mutant lines categorized into two major clusters. Cluster I were composed of two sub-clusters, consisting 17 and 31 lines. This sub-cluster was the largest part of the genotype distribution. Cluster II composed of 9 lines, where M4 were the majority. The correlation value between characters ranged from 0.7176 up to 1.0. Morphological diversity among lines were largely influenced by genetic rather than environmental factors. This study supports the selection of lines based on phenotype stability. Evaluation of the structural diversity of mutant-sesame populations could be applied in sesame-breeding programs.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Induced by Gamma Rays and Preliminary Results of Low-Cost TILLING on M2 Generation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahiba Amri-Tiliouine ◽  
Meriem Laouar ◽  
Aissa Abdelguerfi ◽  
Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak ◽  
Ljupcho Jankuloski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Preliminary Results

Early-flowering mutants of Medicago ploymorpha var. Polymorpha

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Brock ◽  
WD Andrew ◽  
R Kirchner ◽  
EJ Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Medicago Polymorpha ◽  
Plant Vigour ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Primary Selection ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Time Selection

Treatment of dry seeds of Medicago polymorpha L. var. polynzovpha with 20 krad gamma rays resulted in a large increase in variation for flowering time. Selection among spaced plants in the M2 and M3 generations, primarily for early flowering and secondarily for plant vigour and fertility, resulted in the isolation of mutant lines which flowered from 2 to 3 weeks earlier than the unirradiated controls and which were comparable in vigour with the unirradiated controls. This method of generating variability for plant improvement programmes proved to be simple, relatively quick, and economical (c. 1000 plants x 4 generations). It is recommended for more extensive use with self-fertilizing annual species where the primary selection criteria are clear cut and simply measured.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of diverse promising rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) mutants using physical and chemical mutagens

OCL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souhail Channaoui ◽  
Mostapha Labhilili ◽  
Mohamed Mouhib ◽  
Hamid Mazouz ◽  
Mohamed El Fechtali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Chemical Mutagens ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Genetic variability is a prerequisite for any plant breeding program, and mutagenesis is a proven way of creating new variation within a crop germplasm. Novel genetic variability in rapeseed was induced by gamma rays, Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) and combined mutagen treatment, using various doses and concentrations. The objective was to evaluate and compare the obtained M2 mutants for important quantitative traits in two contrasted environments. Data on phenological, morphological and agronomic parameters were recorded. A large variability was observed and mutagenic treatments had a significant effect on all traits studied. Compared to control plants, mutant genotypes derived from seeds treated with low EMS concentrations during moderate time were earlier and characterized by a higher number of pods per plant. For high concentration of EMS during long time and for combinations of physical and chemical mutagens, a significant decrease in plant height and stature was noticed, as compared to control. Besides, plants derived from gamma rays-treated seeds exhibited the highest 1000-seed weight. The novel induced variability may be integrated in rapeseed breeding program as a new germplasm with improved agronomic traits. Particularly, EMS1-7-stable mutant may be exploited to develop efficiently and quickly a new rapeseed cultivar with some desirable traits. The present study highlights once more the possibility to bring novel genetic diversity for rapeseed desirable traits improvement through mutation breeding.

scholarly journals Characteristic morphology and genetic variability of Benggala grass (Panicum maximum cv Purple guinea) through gamma ray irradiated on acid land

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Achmad Fanindi ◽  
S. H. Sutjahjo ◽  
S. I. Aisyah ◽  
N. D. Purwantari
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Measured Variable ◽  
Radio Sensitivity

<em></em><p class="abstrak2">The induction mutation using gamma rays is one way to increase the diversity of Bengggala grass (<em>Panicum maximum</em>). Diversity is the main base in selecting to produce varieties of Benggala grass on acid land. The aim of this study is to know the morphological character and genetic diversity of grass that received gamma rays. The research was conducted in the Tenjo district, Bogor which has pH 4.9-5.5 and the content of Al-dd 2.26 c mol/kg with Al saturation of 10.68%. The study started by looking for Benggala grass radio sensitivity, then from radio sensitivity determined radiation treatment dose of 200 Gy, 250 Gy, 300 Gy and 350 Gy. Treatment of radiation dose is acute and fractionated, so there are 8 treatment doses plus control (plants without radiation). The variables measured were plant height, stem height, stem diameter, length of segment, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight, dry weight, and number of tillers. The results showed that the radio sensitivity of Benggala grass produced in the form of lethal doses (LD) LD 20 and LD50 is 176.83 Gy and 358.23 Gy. By the mathematical equation: Y = 44.22 + 45.91 X Cos (0.0042x -0.07). The morphological character of M1 shows that the radiation dose affects the measured variable. 300 Gy fractionated radiation dose (150 Gy x 2) results in higher fresh weight of the plant. While in the generation of M1V1 radiation dose of 250 Gy produces high fresh forage weight. Medium to high heritability with GVC value (criteria of coefficient of genetic variability) is high enough until high is obtained on the character of the number of tillers, fresh weight and dry weight. So it is possible to do next selection on these three characters.</p><strong>Key Words</strong>: <em>Panicum maximum</em>, Irradiation, Mutation, Morfology, Genetic Variability<em><br /></em>

scholarly journals Studies on Induced Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis in Groundnut (Arachis hypogia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gunasekaran ◽  
P. Pavadai
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Program Selection ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Mutation breeding has been widely used for the improvement of plant characters in various crops. It is a powerful and effective tool in the hands of plant breeders. In any mutation breeding program, selection of an effective and efficient mutagen is very essential to produce high frequency of desirable mutation. Groundnut (Arachis hypogia) var. VRI-2. was treated with different concentration of physical and chemical mutagen namely gamma rays 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 KR and Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). For inducing mutation various concentration of EMS such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 % for six hours were applied to 200 seed sample of each concentration and one respective control. The LD50 value was observed in 50% of gamma rays and 0.5 % of EMS. The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant. The increasing doses/concentration of gamma rays and EMS decreased in phenotypic and yield characters in M1generation. The mutagenized populations showed significantly higher variability in the M2 generation. Mutant lines showing higher yield per plant than the respective parents and checks were isolated in M2 and subsequent generation were significantly more pod yield and yield components than the untreated plants.

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